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FEM Beam Deflection Analysis

The document contains MATLAB code for analyzing beam deflection using the Finite Element Method (FEM). It defines parameters such as beam length, Young's modulus, and moment of inertia, generates a mesh, assembles the global stiffness matrix, applies loads and boundary conditions, and solves for displacements. Finally, it compares the FEM results with an analytical solution and plots the deflection of the beam.

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dora.8500124337
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21 views2 pages

FEM Beam Deflection Analysis

The document contains MATLAB code for analyzing beam deflection using the Finite Element Method (FEM). It defines parameters such as beam length, Young's modulus, and moment of inertia, generates a mesh, assembles the global stiffness matrix, applies loads and boundary conditions, and solves for displacements. Finally, it compares the FEM results with an analytical solution and plots the deflection of the beam.

Uploaded by

dora.8500124337
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3/24/25 9:36 AM C:\Users\hp\OneDr...\FRCTR_MECH_CODE_2.

m 1 of 2

clc; clear; close all;

% GIVEN PARAMETERS
L = 100; % Beam Length (m)
E = 200e9; % Young's Modulus (Pa)
I = 1e-6; % Moment of Inertia (m^4)
w = 1; % UDL (N/m)
num_elems = 100; % Number of finite elements
num_nodes = num_elems + 1;

% MESH GENERATION
le = L / num_elems;
x_nodes = linspace(0, L, num_nodes);

% INITIALIZATION
K = zeros(2*num_nodes);
F = zeros(2*num_nodes, 1);

% ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX


ke = (E * I / le^3) * [12 6*le -12 6*le;
6*le 4*le^2 -6*le 2*le^2;
-12 -6*le 12 -6*le;
6*le 2*le^2 -6*le 4*le^2]; % Element stiffness matrix

% GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX ASSEMBLY


for i = 1:num_elems
indices = [2*i-1, 2*i, 2*i+1, 2*i+2]; % DOFs for element
K(indices, indices) = K(indices, indices) + ke; % Assembly into global matrix
end

% APPLYING DISTRIBUTED LOAD AS NODAL FORCES


for i = 1:num_elems
fe = (w * le / 2) * [1; le/6; 1; -le/6]; % Equivalent nodal force vector
indices = [2*i-1, 2*i, 2*i+1, 2*i+2];
F(indices) = F(indices) + fe; % Add to global force vector
end

% APPLYING BOUNDARY CONDITIONS


fixed_dofs = [1, 2]; % Fixed end at x = 0 (zero displacement & zero rotation)
roller_dofs = 2*num_nodes-1; % Roller at x = L (zero displacement, free rotation)
free_dofs = setdiff(1:2*num_nodes, [fixed_dofs, roller_dofs]); % Remaining DOFs

% ================== SOLVING FOR DISPLACEMENTS ==================


U = zeros(2*num_nodes, 1); % Initialize displacement vector
U(free_dofs) = K(free_dofs, free_dofs) \ F(free_dofs); % Solve reduced system

% ================== EXTRACTING DEFLECTION RESULTS ==================


y_fem = U(1:2:end); % Extract vertical displacement
3/24/25 9:36 AM C:\Users\hp\OneDr...\FRCTR_MECH_CODE_2.m 2 of 2

% ================== ANALYTICAL SOLUTION ==================


x_exact = linspace(0, L, 1000);
y_exact = (w*x_exact)/(24*E*I) .* (L^3 - 2*L*x_exact.^2 + x_exact.^3);

% ================== PLOTTING RESULTS ==================


figure;
plot(x_nodes, y_fem, 'ro-', 'LineWidth', 2); hold on;
plot(x_exact, y_exact, 'b-', 'LineWidth', 2);
xlabel('Beam Length (m)');
ylabel('Deflection (m)');
title('FEM vs Analytical Beam Deflection' );
legend('FEM Solution', 'Analytical Solution');
grid on;

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