Verbs STAGE 17 was, were: Past Simple tense of verb to be FORM : Negative Positive Long Short Question Twas Twas not Twasn’t Was 1. ? You were You were not You weren't. | Were you she was She was not She wasn’t Was she ...? He was He was not He wasn’t Was he ... ? It was It was not It wasn’t Was it We were We were not We weren't Were we ... ? They were | They were not _ They weren’t | Were they Practice 17a Complete the sentences using was oF were, 1 He .,Wae.. very tired yesterday, 2. They ..were. not very happy together. 3 You... very angry with me last night. 4 Her doctor not very helpful, Ss They in France last summer. 6 Mr Jones not in the office yesterday. 7 TV ssccseeecs in bed all morning. an _ not very warm in the swimming pool. 9 You... not very friendly to my sister. 10 She .........+. a beautiful baby. 11 The children ............ awake early this morning. 12. Tevsoeecses not with them in the restaurant. 13 Ruth ........... om holiday last week. 14 Th ecessssseee a very nice letter, 15 We very pleased to see you. 16 Callum and his brother Josh 17b Complete the story, adding was and were. It '.#28., a beautiful day. The sun *,.#28.. hot and the sky °.. here last night. .. blue. James aud Wendy ‘...cccccseoee OH the beach, They ‘.cccsscece. Wille Uheit three children. The children *.. bit cold but the children *.... in the sea. The sea’... .. very happy. There *... other children in the sea too: some of them ®.... al .. lots of in the water withtheir parents. Wendy and James " grey clouds all over the sky and the sun "...... beautiful weather *. Verbs on the sand and James asleep with a book on his face. But suddenly there *. finished and there “ STAGE +. not hot any more. The and wet people everywhere. A British summer holiday! T7e In your notebook, write questions and answers about the story above, using was or were. 1 eeyraoune ‘The weather nice? Was the weather nice? Yes, it was a beautiful day." Where/James and Wendy? Where were James and Wendy? ‘They were on the beach ‘Where/their children? Other children in the sea? James and Wendy in the sea? James awake? \What/on James’ face? Sunny all day? The holidaymakers wet in the end? 10 Where/this beach? . wet picnics 17d In your notebook, write ten questions about a friend’s trip to London, using the table below. Then choose a short answer for each question. ‘Was Were sees stialergresien trains Seaiatal the streets the people the parks the airport the museums the shops the hotel the food warm? comfortable? beautiful? friendly? busy? clean? expensive? good? fast interesting? Yes, it was. No, it wasn't Yes, they were. No, they weren't Examples: ‘Were the underground trains fast?" "Yes, they were. Waa tho moathor warm?” No, it wean’ FyVers 30 | walked to school: Past Simple tense: positive FORM 1, You He, She, It walked We, They ‘* Add ed to regular verbs. The verb is the same for all persons: J, you, she, he, it, we and they. Notes spelling: Verbs ending in: like = liked e, add d. study = studied consonant + y, change yi + ed stop = stopped vowel + consonant, double the consonant and add ed. ‘© y and w at the end of a word are not consonant sounds. So verbs ending in y ‘or w do not double the consonant: ply played > See Appendix 2 on spelling rules. USE ‘* We use the past simple to talk about the past. Practice 18a Write the past simple of these verbs. stay stayed listen study rain rained love cry help wash, work carry stop start want |! ask live play look watch walk open like 18b Complete these sentences in the past simple. 1 1.8 éd., at home all weekend. (stay) 2 She ..criad.. all night. (cry) 3 It .. every day last week. (rain) BOWE cee .. to her very carefully. (listen) 5 He. her very much, (love) 6 The shop so at 5 o'clock. (close) 7 My friends . .. to stay all weekend. (want)Vets STAGET 19 Past Simple tense: positive: irregular verbs We saw a good film last night 1 bought all my Christmas presents at the weekend They had a good time at the party. [J You, She, He, t, We, They saw © The verb is the same for all persons: J, you, she, he, it, we and they. © There are a lot of irregular verbs Practice 19 Complete the tables below. > See the list of irregular verbs in Appendix 1 Infinitive Past simple Infinitive Past simple Infinitive Past simple bring [2roughe _ |[ give run buy | bought went [saw come ~|[ have 7 ~ Pshut do | Pienow || swim drank left [take fC drove lost - taught find make | few || meet thought forget put | understand get (up) read j| wate EiVerbs STAGE 20 Past simple tense: po: Check 20a Write these sentences in the past simple. 1 I see my parents every weekend. (last weekend) | saw my parents last weekend. 2. Matthew always asks a lot of questions. (this morning) 3. They go to the mountains in the winter. (last winter) 4 Julie meets Tom from school every afternoon. (this afternoon) 5 Jenny watches a lot of television at the weekends. (on holiday) 6 He eats a lot in the evenings. (last night) 7 The programme starts at 7.30 every Friday. (this morning) Tove cycling at the weekends. (when I was a child) 9 We always have a nice time with them. (on holiday) 10 The garden looks lovely in the spring. (last spring)Verbs STAGE 20b Complete the sentences about Kelly's morning using a verb in the past simple, Use the verbs in the box read get dressed leave turn on brush “getup make a cup of tea eat__ wash 1 KY 2 i fifi bh MMi 1 Kelly ..af up. 2 She hadashower, 3 She 4 5 3Verbs STAGE 21 Past Simple tense: questions and negatives FORM Question Did Subject Infinitive Tr you she walk? Did he go? it come? we they © Did + subject + infinitive for all persons and all verbs, regular and irregular. Did you go... ? Did you walk ... ? NOT Did-youwent 2 Did-youwelked—? Negative _ 7 _ Subject | did not Infinitive 1 You She did not walk He (didn’t) 60. in come. We They © Subject + did not + infinitive for all persons and all verbs, regular and irregular. He did not go NOT Hedid-nerivent—— Practice 21. In your notebook, put these sentences into the past simple. Write them in the positive form, the question form and the negative form. 1 She gets up early in the morning. She got up early in the morning, Did she get up early in the morning? She didn’t get up early in the morning. 2 He teaches history at the university. He taught history at the university. Did he teach history at the university? He didn’t teach history at the university.Verbs STAGE ‘They leave home at 8 o'clock. He stays in very good hotels. You smoke a lot. 6 [look very tired. 2 We stop at Oxford. 8 The restaurant closes at 11 o'clock. 9 Pam buys a lot of clothes. 10 The birds fly away to other countries. 22 Past Simple tense: times in the past Last night / week / month / year Three minutes / hours / days / nights / weeks / months / years ago Practice 22 Answer the questions using last or ago and the words in brackets. 1 When did you speak to Peter? (week) Last week. 2 When did they buy that car? (two years) 3. When did we clean the windows? (six months) 4 When did the film start? (five minutes) 5 When did you see your cousin? (three years) 6 When did she stop smoking? (month) 7 When did it stop raining? (two hours) (year) 9° When did Max phone? (night) 10 When did you find your wallet? (half an hour) 35Verbs STAGE 1 23 Past Simple tense Check 23 Complete the conversation with the verbs in the past simple. ‘A: Where * .4id.y2u.49. (you/go) for your last summer holiday? B: We? went. (go) to Egypt. ‘A: Oh really? How interesting! *. (you/enjoy) it? Br OW yes, WE* oc csecesseessseeseee « Pat ® . (love) the River Nile and 1°. (think) the pyramids and all the historical sights * (be) fascinating. A: How long‘... (you/stay)? B: For four weeks. We’ seccsescsee (be) thete for the whole of October. A: How nice. So you ™... (have) lots of time to travel round. B: Yes, we", ~ well, quite a lot. But we only Ma cccsoseesunseseeenns (S€) a few places so I'd like to go again. AL” . (you/learn) any Egyptian Arabic? B: but Paul *, re (study) the language for a few weeks before we eee (GO) TD seeecsneee (find) a good Arabic language cassette in the local library and that ". sesssees (be) very helpful. AS, ss (you/talk) to the local people? B: Not really, but 1" (know) how to order food and drink in the cafés and restaurants. ‘A: Well, that’s good. Yes it is, but 1....... (want) to talk to people too so I'm still studying Arabic and I hope to go again next year. ‘Well, best of luck!