Republic of the Philippines
Tarlac State University
COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
CENTER OF DEVELOPMENT
Lucinda Campus, Tarlac City
Tel. No. (045) 493-0182; Fax No. (045) 982-0110
Re-Accredited Level IV by the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities
of the Philippines (AACCUP), Inc.
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WRITTEN
REPORT
IN
205
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
- coincides with the traditional theories and models of education and
reflects established formal methods of learning.
Explanation:
- the basis for the procedure of these approaches is the scientific method
which involves a logical step-by-step procedure of problem solving.
Explanation:
TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC APPROACH
Behavioral approach
Managerial approach
Systems approach
Academic approach
BEHAVIORAL APPROACH
- it started with the idea of Frederick Taylor aimed to achieve
efficiency.
Explanation:
Example: In Factory, the worker will be paid according to his output produced
within the specified period of time. In Education, the behavioral approach
begins with educational plans that start with the setting of goals or objectives.
Explanation:
These are considered as the important ingredients in curriculum
implementation as evaluating the learning outcomes as a change of behavior.
The change in behavior indicates the measure of the accomplishments it the
change in behavior indicates the measure of the accomplishments.
Explanation:
It clearly defines the objectives (why), content (what), method (how), sequence (when),
and scope (how much) of a curriculum.
Based of BLUEPRINT
- goals and objectives are specified, contents, and activities are also
arranged to match with the learning objectives.
Explanation:
Managerial approach
- This approach advocates selecting, organizing, communicating with,
and supervising people involved in the curriculum decisions.
Explanation:
The principal is the curriculum leader and at the same time instructional leader
who is supposed to be a general manager. They are less concerned about the
subject matter, methods and materials than improving curriculum
Explanation:
The Roles of the Curriculum Supervisors:
-Help develop the school's education goals.
-Plan curriculum with students, parents, teachers and other stakeholders.
-Design programs of study by grade levels.
-Plan or schedule classes of school calendar.
-Prepare curriculum guides or teacher guides by grade level or subject area.
-Observe Teachers
-Assist teachers in the implementation of the curriculum.
-Encourage curriculum innovation and change.
-Develop standards for curriculum and instructional evaluation.
Explanation:
Systems approach
- the parts of the total school district or school are examined in terms of how
they relate to each other
Explanation:
The organizational chart of the school represents a systems approach. It shows
the line- staff relationship of personnel and how decisions are made.
Explanation:
The systems theory of education sees the following to be of equal importance:
1) Administration
2) Counselling
3) Curriculum
4) Instruction
5) Evaluation
Explanation:
view curriculum broadly and are concerned with curriculum issues relevant to the
entire school system.
Explanation:
Academic approach
- Sometimes referred as the traditional, synoptic, intellectual, or
knowledge-oriented approach.
Explanation:
Three fundamental factors:
Learners
Society
Subjects
Explanation:
It attempts to analyze and synthesize major positions, trends, and concepts of
curriculum. It tends to be historical or philosophical and to a lesser extent,
social and practical.
Explanation:
This approach is rooted in the works of John Dewey, Henry Morrison, and
Boyd Bode and became popular during 1930s and carried through 1950s.
Explanation:
Nontechnical-Nonscientific approach (Postmodernist,
Post constructivist Perspective)
Non-technical - Non-scientific Approach
-Focuses on the learners' self-perception of needs and preferences.
Learners in this approach are involved in the curriculum planning process.
Explanation:
Open Classroom Model
- Open classroom model emphasizes freedom of the child from teacher
control and from a rigid curriculum. The child should choose goals as per needs,
interests and aptitudes and thus choose his own curriculum. The model places
great faith in the child's ability and advocates learner autonomy.
Explanation:
Weinstein and Fantini Model
- This model is based on the belief that teachers generate new content
and techniques by keeping the learner central to the whole process. They can
assess the relevance of the existing curriculum, content and the instructional
methods employed. Based on the assessment the curriculum is modified to meet
the learner needs.
Explanation:
Roger's Model of Interpersonal Relations
-Carl Rogers (1979) has developed a model for changing human
behavior which can be used for curriculum development. In this model the
emphasis is on human experiences rather than content or learning activities. He
believes that by interacting in a group, learners can solve their problems
Explanation:
ENACTING CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT PARTICIPANTS IN
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
1. Educators and Teachers
Role: Teachers are at the forefront of curriculum development, providing
insight into practical classroom needs, student learning styles, and effective
teaching practices. They often help in designing learning objectives and
selecting instructional materials and methods. feedback on their
effectiveness.
Explanation:
Teachers play a crucial role in curriculum development as they are the
primary facilitators of learning in the classroom. Their firsthand experience
with students allows them to provide valuable insights into practical
classroom needs, diverse learning styles, and effective teaching practices.
They contribute to designing learning objectives that align with educational
standards and selecting appropriate instructional materials and methods that
enhance student engagement and achievement.
Educators and Teachers
Involvement: They participate in curriculum committees, pilot new curricula,
and offer
Explanation:
Teachers actively participate in curriculum committees where they
collaborate with other stakeholders to shape curriculum policies and
frameworks. They often pilot new curricula, testing them in real classroom
settings to assess their effectiveness and relevance. Based on their
experiences, teachers offer constructive feedback, helping to refine and
improve the curriculum to better meet the needs of their students.
Through this involvement, teachers ensure that the curriculum is both
practical and aligned with the realities of teaching and learning.
2.Curriculum Developers and Specialists
Role: These are professionals who specialize in curriculum design and
development. They analyze educational standards, research evidence, and
best practices to create coherent curricula. curricula.
Explanation:
Curriculum developers and specialists are professionals dedicated to the
design and development of educational curricula. They analyze educational
standards, review research evidence, and consider best practices to create
coherent and effective curricula that meet the needs of learners. Their
expertise is essential in ensuring that the curriculum is both academically
rigorous and aligned with current educational goals.
Curriculum Developers and Specialists
Involvement: They often lead curriculum development initiatives,
providing expertise in instructional design, assessment, and alignment
with educational standards.
Explanation:
These specialists often lead curriculum development initiatives, guiding
the process from concept to implementation. They provide expertise in
instructional design, help craft assessments that effectively measure
student learning, and ensure that the curriculum aligns with educational
standards and guidelines. By collaborating with teachers and other
stakeholders, they play a key role in creating a curriculum that supports
high-quality education and fosters student success.
3. Administrators and School Leadership
Role: School administrators, including principals and district leaders, play
a critical role in supporting curriculum development processes by
providing resources, setting priorities, and ensuring alignment with the
institution's vision and goals.
Explanation:
School administrators, such as principals and district leaders, are vital in
supporting curriculum development processes. They provide the necessary
resources, set educational priorities, and ensure that the curriculum aligns
with the institution's vision and overall goals. Their leadership helps create
an environment conducive to effective teaching and learning.
Administrators and School Leadership
Involvement: They may facilitate discussions, allocate funding, and ensure
staff buy-in for curricular initiatives.
Explanation:
Administrators facilitate discussions among teachers and curriculum
developers, allocate funding for resources and training, and ensure staff
buy-in for curricular initiatives. By fostering collaboration and advocating
for professional development, they play a key role in implementing and
sustaining effective curricula that enhance student learning and
achievement.
4. Students
Role: Students are central to the curriculum as the recipients of education.
Their interests, needs, and feedback are essential for developing a
curriculum that is relevant and engaging.
Explanation:
Students are at the heart of the curriculum, serving as the primary
recipients of education. Their interests, needs, and feedback are crucial for
creating a curriculum that is both relevant and engaging, ensuring that
learning experiences resonate with them and effectively foster their
development.
Students
Involvement: Students can be involved through surveys, focus groups, or
representation on curriculum committees to voice their experiences and
preferences.
Explanation:
Students can actively participate in the curriculum development process
through various means, such as surveys, focus groups, and representation
on curriculum committees. Their insights and experiences provide valuable
perspectives that help educators understand their preferences and
challenges, ultimately contributing to a more effective and responsive
educational framework.
5. Parents and Community Stakeholders
Role: Parents and community members can provide valuable perspectives
that influence curriculum content, particularly in terms of local culture,
values, and expectations.
Explanation:
Parents and community members play a vital role in shaping curriculum
content by offering insights that reflect local culture, values, and
expectations. Their perspectives help ensure that the curriculum is
relevant and meaningful to the community it serves, fostering a sense of
shared responsibility for educational outcomes.
Parents and Community Stakeholders
Involvement: Schools may engage parents through meetings, surveys, or
committees, encouraging them to contribute to discussions about educational
priorities and curriculum goals.
Explanation:
Schools can engage parents and community members through meetings,
surveys, and committees, creating opportunities for them to voice their
opinions and contribute to discussions about educational priorities and
curriculum goals. This collaborative approach encourages meaningful input,
allowing for a curriculum that aligns with the community's needs and
aspirations.
