CE 316: Bridge Design Sessional

Session : July 2021

Lecture-6
Design of Slab Bridge

Ishfaq Aziz
Assistant Professor
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (BUET)
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Lecture Outline

Design of a SLAB BRIDGE

• We will design superstructure:

➢ Deck Slab and

➢ Curb (Edge Beam)

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Slab Bridge
Bituminous
wearing
course

Slab Bridge:
• Small Span
• No navigation (ships/boats)
• Only water flows

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Design of Deck Slab

Deck DECK SLAB ts

Slab

Abutment
Clear Span

Figure: Longitudinal Section

18” 18”

Design of Curb

CL

DECK SLAB

CURB CURB
Figure: Transverse section of the bridge

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Loading for slab design

Two directions of traffic are

a) Dead Load Longitudinal section

• From self weight of Slab Traffic Parallel to the span

• From wearing course

b) Live load
From vehicular loading-HL93
a) Truck Load
Transverse section

b) Tandem Load
Traffic Perpendicular to the span
c) Lane Load (similar to the one in cantilever bridge)

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Vehicular Loading (HL-93)

Both Truck and Tandem loads are subjected to dynamic allowance (impact)

Lane load is not subjected

to dynamic allowance
(impact) Design Lane
Load
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Load Combination→ Strength-I: 1.25DC+1.5DW+1.75LL

Considering impact allowance:

1.25(DC) + 1.5(DW) + 1.75(LL)(1+IM/100)Truck/Tandem + 1.75(LL)Lane

Design of Deck Slab

Steps of Design of the Deck slab by USD method:
1. Determine ‘Effective Span’ and ‘Thickness’ of the slab
2. Determine loads on the bridge and calculate moments
3. Design the reinforcement
a. Main reinforcement
b. Distribution reinforcement
c. Temperature and shrinkage reinforcement
4. Detailing
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Determine ‘Effective Span’ and ‘Thickness’ of the slab

a. Effective Span, L = S =smaller of (c/c distance between supports) and (clear span + slab thickness)
Find by b. Determine minimum thickness of the slab.
trials 𝑆 + 10
𝑡𝑚𝑖𝑛 = 1.2 × deflection control criteria ; 𝑆 in feet
between 30
these two
Deck DECK SLAB ts
Slab

Abutment
Clear Span

Figure: Longitudinal Section

18” 18”

Loads

a) Dead load b) Live load

wsw = UDL due to slab self-weight From Influence Line Analysis
wwc = UDL due to wearing course=30 psf
wsw×𝑆2 wwc×𝑆2
MDC= ; MDW=
8 8

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b) Live load
From vehicular loading

• Wheel load distribution width,

𝐸 = (4 + 0.06𝑆) ft ≤ 7 𝑓𝑡

Figure: Longitudinal Section

Deck ts
Slab

Abutment
• Actual Load = Axle Load/2E Clear Span

18” 18”

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Figure: Longitudinal Section

Calculate Live load moment: Deck

Slab
ts

1. Draw Influence Line for Moment at Mid-Span

Abutment
Clear Span
2. Calculate Truck Load Moment
3. Calculate Tandem Load Moment 18” 18”

4. Calculate Lane Load Moment ILM(midspan)

S

• Calculate Impact Factor.

Truck Load
𝐼𝑀
𝐼𝐹 = 1+ = 1.33
100

Tandem Load

Lane Load
Design Moment,
𝑴𝒖 = 1.25𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 1.5𝑀𝐷𝑊 + 1.75[1.33𝑀𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑐𝑘/𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑚 +𝑀𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 ]

𝑀𝑢 𝐴𝑠 𝑓𝑦
𝐴𝑠 = 𝑎 ; 𝑎 = 0.85𝑓 ′ 𝑏 → 𝑨𝒔(𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏) ; b=12” for slab
∅𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − ) 𝑐
2
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Calculate and design Reinforcement b)Distribution reinforcement

a. Main reinforcement
• For main reinforcement parallel to traffic:
• Along the span (parallel to traffic direction here)
• Comes from flexural requirement (100/ 𝑠 ≤ 50) % of 𝐴𝑠(𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛)
• For main reinforcement perpendicular to traffic:
b. Distribution reinforcement (220/ 𝑠 ≤ 67 ) % of 𝐴𝑠(𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑛)
• Perpendicular to traffic direction here

c. Temperature and shrinkage reinforcement 𝑨𝒔(𝒅𝒊𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒊𝒃𝒖𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏) →#?? @??” c/c

• Along both direction

c)Temperature and shrinkage reinforcement

• Provide Temperature reinforcement.

According to AASHTO 8.20.1, As(temp. & shrnkg)= 1/8 in2 /ft
need to be provided under all exposed surfaces.
𝑨𝒔(𝒕𝒆𝒎𝒑.& 𝒔𝒉𝒓𝒏𝒌𝒈.) →#?? @??” c/c
k DECK SLAB ts • Check for shear and bond. Not necessary for slabs
b
designed for bending in this method.

tment
Clear Span

Figure: Longitudinal Section

18” 18”
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Detailing of the Deck slab:

Temp. and Shrinkage reinforcement Wearing course

Deck d ts
Slab

1.5”
Main rebar Distribution Reinforcement
Abutment
Abutment
Clear Span

18” 18”
Figure: Longitudinal Section

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Design of Curb/Edge Beam

**Similar to Beam**
Analysis and Design:

• Assume width of the beam, b .

• Provide a curb 10” high.
• Calculate wDc for self weight & railing.
Self weight includes slab and curb weight.
Weight of railing is assumed to be 15 lb/ft.

• Compute DL & LL Moments.

MDC = wDCL2/8 lb-ft= wDCS2/8

CL
MLL = 0.10 P×S
Deck slab

P is wheel load of HS 20 truck = 16 kip Curb Curb

Figure: Transverse section of the bridge

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Curb Design

CL
Analysis and Design:
10" + 𝑡𝑠" 24"
Self weight = × × 150 = ? ? lb/ft Deck slab
12 12
Curb Curb
Railing weight = 15 lb/ft (assumed) Figure: Transverse section of the bridge
wDL = ??
MDC= wDL×S2/8
MLL=0.1×P×S [P= 16k for HS 20]

Design Moment, 𝑴𝒖 = 1.25𝑀𝐷𝐶 + 1.75𝑀𝐿𝐿 #?? Stirrup @ ??” c/c

CL
Design Shear, 𝑽𝒖 = 1.25𝑉𝐷𝐶 + 1.75𝑉𝐿𝐿 ≥ 10"

Deck slab 𝑡𝑠
Rest of the design is the same as a beam design for
shear and flexure
24"
??#??

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Design Data
• Clear Span= 20+n/2 (n=1,2,3,.......34) Wearing surface loading = 30 psf
• Abutment width = 1.5 ft Vehicular Live Load→HL-93

• Clear Width = 24 ft (Odd roll nos.)

30 ft (Even roll nos.)
CL

• Tensile strength of steel, Deck slab

• fy = 40 ksi (Odd roll nos.) Clear Width

Curb

60 ksi (Even roll nos.) Figure: Transverse section of the bridge

• Concrete Compressive Strength

fc'= 4000 psi (Odd roll nos.)
3500 psi (Even roll nos.)

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Report-6: Design of Slab Bridge

e . and Shrin age reinforce ent earing course

• Design of Deck Slab Deck

s
Slab

• Design of Curb/Edge Beam 1.5

ain rebar i trib tion einforce ent

Detailing
butment
• butment
lear Span

Design Drawings: 18 18
i re on it dinal Section
• One longitudinal section showing deck slab
?? Stirrup @ ?? c/c
reinforcement
• One transverse section showing both slab 10"
and edge beam reinforcement
c s

24"
?? ??
Reference: Figure: Transverse section of the bridge

• AASHTO code
• Design of Modern Highway Bridges
→ Example 6.1 by WSD method
-Narendra Tally
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End of Lecture 6

End of Mid-Term Syllabus!

THANK YOU!

Any Question?

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