LEAF DETECTION
Abstract:
Leaf detection is a critical component in various fields, including
agriculture, environmental monitoring, and botany, where the accurate
identification and analysis of leaves play a pivotal role. This project addresses
the challenge of automating leaf detection through computer vision techniques.
A diverse dataset of leaf images is collected and annotated to train models for
effective detection. Data preprocessing techniques, such as image resizing and
enhancement, are applied to ensure uniformity and enhance the model's ability
to discern intricate leaf features.
Rice/Paddy is the staple crop of India. India has the largest area under
rice cultivation that includes the cultivation of brown and white rice. Rice
cultivation brings employment and also helps to stabilize the Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) by its vast contribution. In the field of agriculture and modern
computer era, recognizing infection or diseases using plants' image is one of the
keen research areas. It is very difficult for the farmers to manually identify these
diseases accurately with their limited knowledge. Recent developments in Deep
Learning show that Automatic Image Recognition systems using Convolutional
Neural Network (CNN) models can be very beneficial in such problems. It
further identifies the type of rice disease into rice blast, rice blight, brown spots,
leaf smut, tungro and sheath blight.
The core of the system involves segmentation methods to separate leaves
from complex backgrounds. This includes employing thresholding, edge
detection, or advanced deep learning approaches for semantic segmentation.
The resulting models are capable of accurately identifying and delineating the
boundaries of leaves, providing a foundation for subsequent analyses.
The proposed leaf detection system aims to contribute to advancements in
precision agriculture by enabling automated crop monitoring, disease detection,
and yield prediction. Additionally, it supports botanical research by facilitating
the rapid cataloging and classification of plant species based on leaf
characteristics. The adaptability of the system extends its utility to
environmental monitoring, where the assessment of vegetation health is crucial
for understanding ecosystem dynamics.
Through continuous refinement and optimization, the leaf detection
system strives to offer a robust and efficient solution for researchers, farmers,
and environmentalists, contributing to a more sustainable and informed
approach to plant-related studies and applications.
ENTIERLY DEVELOPED IN: PYTHON
DB: Kaggel data set
Key Features and Advantages:
1. Computer Vision Algorithms:
Advantages: LeafVision incorporates state-of-the-art computer
vision algorithms for leaf segmentation, enabling accurate
identification and extraction of leaf features.
2. Machine Learning Integration:
Advantages: Machine learning models are trained on diverse
datasets to enhance accuracy and adaptability. These models
continuously improve with new data, reducing the risk of human
errors.
3. Speed and Efficiency:
Advantages: LeafVision operates in real-time, providing swift leaf
detection and segmentation. This efficiency is particularly
beneficial for time-sensitive applications, such as precision
agriculture.
4. Consistency and Standardization:
Advantages: Automated leaf detection ensures consistent results,
eliminating inter-observer variability. This contributes to
standardized data interpretation and analysis.
Disadvantages of the Manual Leaf Detection System:
1. Subjectivity and Variability:
Disadvantages: The manual process is subjective and can vary
between different observers. The interpretation of leaf boundaries
may differ, leading to inconsistencies in the dataset.
2. Labor-Intensive:
Disadvantages: Manual leaf detection is labor-intensive and time-
consuming. It requires significant human effort, particularly for
large datasets or frequent analyses.
3. Prone to Human Error:
Disadvantages: Human errors, such as misidentification of leaves
or inaccuracies in marking boundaries, can occur. These errors may
impact the reliability of the data.
4. Limited Scalability:
Disadvantages: The manual process is not easily scalable for large-
scale applications. As the dataset size increases, the time and effort
required for manual annotation become impractical.
MODULES DESCRIPTION
Dataset
The dataset of rice leaf images used in this experiment were fetched from
kaggle website and downloaded using internet from Google images. The dataset
contains three categories of diseases such as leaf blast, brown spot, and bacterial
blight and healthy category were gathered into 2500 images
Image Selection
Using this module the user can upload test image into the GUI
application. The application will get the image from folder and it takes for next
process.
Image Preprocessing
It includes resizing, cropping and removal of noise from the given image.
The preprocessing step aims to enhance some image features that are required
for further processing. This step includes the removal of some undesired
features from the given image. For example, the background and an irrelevant
portion of the image is discarded to reduce image processing time
Segmentation
Segmentation is an important step in object recognition tasks. It
transforms images into a form that is more meaningful and less complex to
analyze. Here, an image can be divided into some regions based on the desired
feature. In this project Keras and tensor flow library in python is used for
segmentation and classification.
Feature Extraction
Feature Extraction The feature extraction process extorts the features
from the segmented based on shapes, colors, and textures. Some shape-based
features are area, axis, and angle.
Classification
Classification is an important module in plant disease detection systems.
It is defined as a process of categorizing plant leaf images based on identified
diseases. In this project, Keras- Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is used.
In python Keras and tensor flow is API based library package which is helps to
classify the image and helps to implement the algorithm.
Designing the GUI Application
The Graphical user interaction (GUI) is designed by using python-Tkinter
tool and it helps the user to upload a leaf image into application and he can find
the disease details and type of disease as graphically.
SYSTEM SPECIFICATION
1.2.1. HARDWARE SPECIFICATION
Processor : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz
Hard Disk : 80 GB
RAM : 256 MB
Video : 800 x 600 resolutions, 256 colors
1.2.2. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION
Operating system : Windows 7
Internet explorer : IE 6.0
Front end : PYTHON
Back end : MYSQL
