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DBMS ClassX Notes

The document provides an overview of Database Management Systems (DBMS), explaining its definition, advantages, key concepts, types, and relationships. It covers essential elements such as normalization and SQL commands used for database interaction. Additionally, it describes forms, queries, and reports as tools for data management and presentation.

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15 views2 pages

DBMS ClassX Notes

The document provides an overview of Database Management Systems (DBMS), explaining its definition, advantages, key concepts, types, and relationships. It covers essential elements such as normalization and SQL commands used for database interaction. Additionally, it describes forms, queries, and reports as tools for data management and presentation.

Uploaded by

pearxyt
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Database Management System (DBMS) - Class X IT Notes

1. What is DBMS?

DBMS stands for Database Management System. It is software that allows users to create, manage, and manipulate
databases.
A database is an organized collection of data, and a DBMS helps to store, retrieve, and manage this data efficiently.
Examples: MySQL, Oracle, MS Access.

2. Advantages of DBMS

- Reduces data redundancy (avoids duplicate data).


- Maintains data integrity and accuracy.
- Easy data access and sharing.
- Provides security through access control.
- Data backup and recovery are available.

3. Database Concepts

Table: A collection of rows and columns to store data.


Record (Row): A single complete set of data.
Field (Column): A single attribute or property of data.
Primary Key: A unique identifier for each record in a table.

4. Types of DBMS

- Hierarchical DBMS: Data is organized in a tree-like structure.


- Network DBMS: Multiple relationships among data.
- Relational DBMS (RDBMS): Data is stored in tables with rows and columns.
- Object-oriented DBMS: Data stored as objects, like in programming languages.

5. Relational Database

A relational database organizes data into tables (relations).


Each table has rows (records) and columns (fields).
Tables are connected by relationships using primary and foreign keys.

6. Keys in DBMS

- Primary Key: Uniquely identifies a record.


- Foreign Key: A key in one table that refers to the primary key of another table.
- Candidate Key: All possible keys that can uniquely identify records.
- Composite Key: A key formed by combining two or more fields.

7. Relationships in DBMS

- One-to-One: One record in a table relates to one record in another.


- One-to-Many: One record in a table relates to multiple records in another.
- Many-to-Many: Records in two tables relate to multiple records in each other.
Database Management System (DBMS) - Class X IT Notes

8. Normalization

Normalization is a process to organize data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve integrity.
It involves dividing large tables into smaller related tables.

9. SQL (Structured Query Language)

SQL is the standard language used to communicate with databases.


Common SQL commands:
- CREATE: To create a table.
- INSERT: To add data.
- SELECT: To retrieve data.
- UPDATE: To modify data.
- DELETE: To remove data.

10. Forms, Queries, Reports

- Form: User-friendly interface for entering data.


- Query: A request to retrieve data from the database.
- Report: A formatted output of data for printing or presentation.

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