GAP FILLING READING EXERCISE
The Mystery of the Deep Ocean
The ocean covers more than 70% of the Earth's surface, yet much of it remains
unexplored. Scientists estimate that we have only investigated about 5% of the ocean,
leaving many mysteries (1) __________.
One of the most fascinating discoveries in deep-sea exploration is the existence of
hydrothermal vents. These vents release hot water filled with minerals, creating an
environment where strange and unique life forms (2) __________. Unlike most living
things on Earth that depend on sunlight, these deep-sea creatures survive through a
process called chemosynthesis, in which bacteria use chemicals from the vents to produce
energy.
Another mystery of the deep ocean is the presence of bioluminescent organisms.
These creatures can produce their own light, which they use for communication, hunting,
or defense. Scientists (3) __________ how these organisms developed the ability to glow,
but it remains an area of active research.
The ocean is also home to countless shipwrecks and hidden treasures. Many
explorers believe that ancient artifacts and even undiscovered species are waiting to be
found. However, deep-sea exploration is extremely (4) __________ due to the immense
pressure, darkness, and cold temperatures.
Despite these challenges, researchers continue to develop new technology to
explore the ocean's depths. With advanced submarines and robotic vehicles, we may soon
uncover more secrets hidden beneath the waves. (5) __________, the deep ocean remains
one of the most mysterious places on Earth, filled with wonders yet to be discovered.
1. a) unexplored b) disappeared c) known d) common
2. a) exist b) exists c) are existing d) existing
3. a) still understand b) are still trying to
understand
c) completely understand d) no longer study
4. a) exciting b) popular c) challenging d) simple
5. a) For example b) However c) As a result d) Similarly
The Importance of Sleep
Sleep is essential for human health and well-being. Doctors recommend that people
get at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night, but many individuals (1) __________
to follow this advice. With busy schedules and modern distractions, sleep is often
sacrificed in favor of work or entertainment.
Lack of sleep can have serious effects on the body and mind. Studies show that
sleep deprivation can (2) __________ concentration, memory, and decision-making
skills. In the long term, poor sleep habits can increase the risk of serious health issues
such as heart disease and diabetes.
During sleep, the body goes through different cycles that help repair cells, process
information, and strengthen the immune system. Deep sleep is especially important
because it allows the brain to (3) __________ and store new knowledge.
To improve sleep quality, experts recommend setting a regular bedtime, avoiding
screens before bed, and creating a (4) __________ sleeping environment. A dark, quiet,
and cool room can help signal the body that it is time to rest.
(5) __________, making sleep a priority can lead to better overall health, increased
productivity, and improved mood throughout the day.
1. a) fail b) refuse c) attempt d) manage
2. a) improve b) weaken c) sharpen d) increase
3. a) relax b) recover c) absorb d) function
4. a) stressful b) comfortable c) crowded d) noisy
5. a) In conclusion b) On the contrary c) Instead d) As a
result
The Invention of the Airplane
For centuries, humans dreamed of flying. Many early inventors tried to build
machines that could (1) __________ into the sky, but most of their attempts failed.
However, everything changed in 1903 when the Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur,
successfully flew the first powered airplane.
Their aircraft, called the Wright Flyer, was made of wood and fabric and had a small
engine. Although the first flight lasted only 12 seconds, it proved that controlled, powered
flight was (2) __________. Over the next few years, the Wright brothers continued to
improve their design, making airplanes faster and more stable.
The invention of the airplane changed the world in many ways. It made long-
distance travel easier and (3) __________. Today, millions of people travel by plane
every day to visit different countries, conduct business, or explore new places.
Airplanes have also played a crucial role in history. They were used during wars for
transportation and defense, and they continue to be essential for delivering supplies and
(4) __________ help during emergencies.
(5) __________, the Wright brothers’ invention marked the beginning of a new era
in transportation, proving that human dreams of flying could become reality.
1. a) jump b) launch c) rise d) lift
2. a) expensive b) dangerous c) possible d) automatic
3. a) accessible b) impossible c) difficult d) rare
4. a) preventing b) providing c) hiding d) replacing
5. a) As a result b) On the other hand c) Instead d) Otherwise
