School CANTILAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Grade Level GRADE 10

MATATAG Learning
Teacher MARIFE B. ROMOROZA SCIENCE
K TO 10 Area
CURRICULUM Teaching
Quarter/
WEEKLY Dates and QUARTER 4 WEEK 3
Week
LESSON LOG Time

I- CURRICULUM CONTENT, STANDARDS, AND LESSON COMPETENCIES

The structure of biomolecules, which are made up mostly of a limited number of elements
A. Content Standards such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen.

B. Performance Standards
Recognize the major categories of biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and
C. Learning Competencies nucleic acids (S10MT-IVc-d-22 )

At the end of the session the learners were able to:

Describe Carbohydrates and Proteins.
D. Learning Objectives Explain the 2 major categories of Biomolecules.
Perform an activity to recognize the major categories of biomolecules.
Appreciate the importance of understanding biomolecules in our day to day activities.
E. Integration

II. CONTENT

A. References Learning Activity Sheets, internet

B. Other Learning Resources/Materials activity sheets, pentel pen, manila paper, visual aids, laptop

III. TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCEDURE

BEFORE/ PRE-LESSON PROPER

Activating Prior Knowledge  Preliminary Activities (2 minutes)

 Prayer
 Checking of attendance

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  Setting of Classroom Standard
Classroom Rules:
1. Say “please” and “thank you”.
2. Make friends and be kind.
3. Always give your best.
4. Raise your hands to speak.
5. Think before you act.
 Review of the past lessons on Investigating the relationship between:
1. volume and pressure at constant temperature of a gas
2. volume and temperature at constant pressure of a gas

PICTOWORD
1. Temperature
2. Volume
3. Charles’ Law

 Motivation (1 minute)
Do you know the important components of a well- balanced diet? They are all needed
to ensure that the cell can function properly. When our parents, children try to get you
to eat healthy foods, it really does matter. We need to get all of those in order for the
cells to function properly.
Direction: Listen carefully to each statement about Carbohydrates and Proteins. If you
think the statement is a Fact, make a ✔️check gesture with your hands. If you think it
is a Bluff, make an ❌ gesture with your arms.
1. Carbohydrates provide quick energy for the body. (Fact)
2. Proteins are primarily responsible for storing genetic information. (Bluff)
3. Rice, bread, and pasta are rich sources of carbohydrates. (Fact)
4. Proteins are made up of amino acids. (Fact)
5. Carbohydrates help build and repair body tissues. (Bluff)

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 Lesson Purpose/Presentation of Learning Objectives:
At the end of the session the learners were able to:
Describe Carbohydrates and Proteins.
Lesson Purpose/Intention Explain the 2 major categories of Biomolecules.
Perform an activity to recognize the major categories of biomolecules.
Appreciate the importance of understanding biomolecules in our day to day
activities.

Unlocking of Terms:
1. Biomolecules – Large organic molecules essential for life, including carbohydrates, lipids,
proteins, and nucleic acids.
Lesson Language Practice 2. Carbohydrates – Biomolecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that provide energy
and structural support.
3. Proteins – Complex molecules composed of amino acids that perform structural,
enzymatic, and regulatory functions in the body.

DURING/ LESSON PROPER

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 Key Concepts:
Biomolecules are the fundamental components of life, each playing a unique yet
interconnected role in sustaining biological processes.
Carbohydrates and proteins are essential biomolecules that play crucial roles in living
organisms. Carbohydrates, composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serve as the primary
source of energy, with glucose being a key molecule in cellular respiration. They can be
Reading the Key Idea/Stem simple sugars (monosaccharides) or complex molecules (polysaccharides) like starch and
cellulose. Proteins, made up of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, are vital for growth,
repair, and enzymatic functions. They provide structural support, facilitate biochemical
reactions as enzymes, and contribute to immune responses. Both biomolecules are
fundamental to sustaining life and maintaining biological processes.

Activity Proper (5 minutes)

 The class will be divided into 3 groups with their tasks per station.
 They will be given 5 minutes to do the activity.
 Rubric will be discussed to them with the set of norms.

Leader One who leads the group

ROLES
Secretary One who writes the answers of the group
Reporter One who presents the output to the class
Timekeeper One who monitors the time
Developing Understanding of the Key Idea/Stem Members Will cooperate and participate in constructing ideas

RUBRICS
Criteria 10 points 8 points 5 points
Promptness The first group to post The second group to The last to post the
the output post the output output
Cooperation All members Two or three members Four or more members
cooperated well failed to cooperate failed to
Cooperate
Correctness The group got all the The group got 1-3 The group got more than
correct answer mistakes in all the 4 or more mistakes in all
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 activities the activities
Total Score 30 Points

Activity 1: BIOMOLECULES I NEED YOU

Procedure: Classify each picture based on the major categories (carbohydrates and proteins)

CARBOHYDRATES PROTEINS

Activity 2: TELL ME
Procedure:
1. List down the foods that you have eaten last Monday and Tuesday.
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2. Classify the group of foods based on its biomolecules particularly carbohydrates and
proteins.

Days Breakfast Lunch Supper

Monday
Tuesday

Carbohydrates:

Proteins:

Activity 3: Find Me
Direction: List down the carbohydrates and proteins content based on nutritional information of
the products (Quacker oats, All purpose flour, Mega sardines, Pork and beans, and
Condensed milk)

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 Products Carbohydrate Contents Protein Contents

1. Quaker Oats

2. All Purpose Flour

3. Mega Sardines

4. Pork and Beans

5. Condensed Milk

6. Bihon (Rice Noodles)

Analysis (10 Minutes)

How did you find the activity?
Is it interesting?
Why there is a need to know in understanding biomolecules?
What do you think is the reason behind it?
How important are biomolecules?
Why is it that carbohydrates and proteins are important biomolecules found in
the living cells?
What are the basic functions of each?
Can you give at least 2 things?
Deepening Understanding of the Key Idea/Stem Abstraction (10 minutes)
Biomolecules – are macromolecules that are essential for different processes in living
organism such as growth and development, repair, reproduction and many more. These
include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids.
1. CARBOHYDRATES
• Composed of Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), and Hydrogen (H). It will provide the body with
glucose which will be converted to energy that can be used to support the body functions and
physical activities.
Three Main Types of Carbohydrates

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a. Sugar - Also known as simple carbohydrates.
- It is the major source of energy for our body’s cells.
- Glucose is the form of sugar the body can most easily used.
-The body converts other type of sugars, such as sugar found in fruits, into glucose.
b. Starch - Also known as Complex Carbohydrates since it is made up of sugar molecules
linked together in a chain.
- Starches can be found in from plants such as potatoes, rice, wheat and corn.
- In order to use it as an energy source, the body must break it down into smaller,
individual sugar molecules.
c. Fiber - This is a complex carbohydrates found in plants but unlike starch, the body can’t
break it down into sugar molecules. Instead, fiber passes through the body and is eliminated
thus, it is not considered a nutrient.

2. PROTEINS –derived from the greek word proteios, which means of “of first importance”

 It contains Nitrogen, Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen

 It is needed for tissue growth and repair
 Also important part in chemical reactions within cells
 It is made up of small units of amino acids which are linked together chemically
to form large protein molecules.
 Complete Proteins- foods that contain all essential amino acids
Examples: meat, eggs, milk, fish
 Incomplete Proteins- foods that lack one or more essential amino Acid.
Example: plant sources such as nuts, raisins, beans and etc.
Major Types of Proteins
1. Fibrous Proteins- insoluble in water and are the main structural components of the body.
Examples; collagen, actin, and keratin
2. Globular Proteins – soluble in water and are mainly used for non-structural purposes.
Examples – albumen, hemoglobin, immunoglobulin

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 Research Findings on Macronutrient Intake and Health

According to research, carbohydrates should make up approximately 45-65% of daily caloric

intake to provide sufficient energy for the body. Consuming an appropriate amount of
carbohydrates is essential for overall health and proper bodily functions.

Proteins, on the other hand, should account for 10-35% of total daily intake. A sufficient
protein intake plays a vital role in muscle development, tissue repair, and various metabolic
functions. Additionally, both carbohydrates and proteins contribute to reducing the risk of
chronic diseases when consumed in balanced amounts as part of a healthy diet.

Maintaining a well-balanced diet that includes the recommended proportions of carbohydrates

and proteins is crucial for overall health and well-being.

AFTER/POST LESSON
Making Generalizations /Reflection Application: (10 minutes)

1. What will happen to an organism if all the major components of biomolecules cannot
perform their functions?
2. Why is it that biomolecules are important to all living organisms?

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 Graph showing the percentage of carbohydrates, proteins, and fat in different type of diet

The greatest wealth is health. – Virgil

It is health that is real wealth and not pieces of gold and silver. – Mahatma
Gandhi
He who enjoys good health is rich, though he knows it not. – Italian Proverb
Health is wealth, we never know its value until we lose it. – Josh Billings
Good health is true wealth. – Urijah Faber
Take care of your body. It's the only place you have to live. – Jim Rohn

Evaluating Learning Formative Assessment:

1. Which of the following is a main function of carbohydrates in the body?
A. Build muscles
B. Give energy
C. Repair tissues
D. Transport oxygen
2. Which of these is an example of a food rich in protein?
A. Apple
B. Chicken
C. Rice
D. Sugar
3. What are the building blocks of proteins?
A. Amino acids
B. Fatty acids
C. Glucose molecules
D. Nucleotides

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 4. Which food is a good source of carbohydrates?
A. Bread
B. Fish
C. Meat
D. Milk
5. What elements are found in both carbohydrates and proteins?
A. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
B. Chlorine, helium, and oxygen
C. Nitrogen, helium, and phosphorus
D. Sodium, potassium, and nitrogen
Answer Key:
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. A
Additional Activities for Application or Remediation
(If applicable)

Prepared by: Checked and Monitored: Approved:

MARIFE B. ROMOROZA, PhD _______________________________ BEATRIZ A. TORIO, MAELT

Teacher Instructional Supervisor Leader Principal II

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