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FLSM vs VLSM in Subnetting

Subnetting is a technique in IP networking that divides a network into smaller subnets to improve routing efficiency, security, and management. It can be implemented using Fixed Length Subnet Masking (FLSM) for uniform subnets or Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) for more efficient use of IP addresses based on varying host requirements. Both methods enhance network organization and performance.

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Christopher Tendai Makombore
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19 views2 pages

FLSM vs VLSM in Subnetting

Subnetting is a technique in IP networking that divides a network into smaller subnets to improve routing efficiency, security, and management. It can be implemented using Fixed Length Subnet Masking (FLSM) for uniform subnets or Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM) for more efficient use of IP addresses based on varying host requirements. Both methods enhance network organization and performance.

Uploaded by

Christopher Tendai Makombore
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Network Administration Lecture:

Subnetting
1. Introduction to Subnetting
Subnetting is a method used in IP networking to divide a single IP network into multiple
smaller networks, called subnets. It improves routing efficiency, enhances security, and
simplifies network management. Subnetting works by 'borrowing' bits from the host
portion of an IP address to create additional network segments.

2. Benefits of Subnetting
 Better utilization of IP address space
 Improved network performance and reduced broadcast traffic
 Logical separation of networks for better organization and security
 Simplified network management and troubleshooting

3. Subnet Masks and CIDR


A subnet mask determines which part of an IP address represents the network and which
part represents the host. CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation (e.g., /24)
indicates the number of bits used for the network portion.

4. Fixed Length Subnet Masking (FLSM)


FLSM divides an IP address space into equal-sized subnets. Each subnet has the same
number of IP addresses, which simplifies planning but may lead to waste of addresses if
subnets require varying sizes.

Example: Subnetting 192.168.1.0/24 into four equal subnets.

Subnet Network Address Usable Host Range


1 192.168.1.0/26 192.168.1.1 – 192.168.1.62
2 192.168.1.64/26 192.168.1.65 –
192.168.1.126
3 192.168.1.128/26 192.168.1.129 –
192.168.1.190
4 192.168.1.192/26 192.168.1.193 –
192.168.1.254
5. Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM)
VLSM allows for subnets of different sizes to be created from the same address space. It
provides more efficient use of IP addresses and is suitable for networks with segments
requiring different host capacities.

Example: Allocating subnets based on host requirements.

Department Hosts Needed Allocated Subnet Usable Host Range


Admin 50 192.168.1.0/26 192.168.1.1 –
192.168.1.62
HR 20 192.168.1.64/27 192.168.1.65 –
192.168.1.94
IT 10 192.168.1.96/28 192.168.1.97 –
192.168.1.110
Sales 4 192.168.1.112/29 192.168.1.113 –
192.168.1.118

6. Subnetting Diagram (FLSM vs VLSM)

7. Summary
Subnetting, whether using FLSM or VLSM, is a powerful tool for organizing and scaling
networks. FLSM is simple and predictable, ideal for uniform networks. VLSM is more
efficient, allowing precise IP allocation for networks with diverse requirements.

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