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Microservices Vs Monolithic Documentation

Microservices are an architectural style that involves independent, loosely coupled services, each responsible for specific business capabilities and communicating via APIs. They offer benefits like scalability, faster development, and flexibility, but also present challenges such as complexity and the need for robust monitoring. Key design principles include single responsibility, decentralized data management, and the use of an API gateway, with best practices emphasizing automation, security, and observability.

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14 views3 pages

Microservices Vs Monolithic Documentation

Microservices are an architectural style that involves independent, loosely coupled services, each responsible for specific business capabilities and communicating via APIs. They offer benefits like scalability, faster development, and flexibility, but also present challenges such as complexity and the need for robust monitoring. Key design principles include single responsibility, decentralized data management, and the use of an API gateway, with best practices emphasizing automation, security, and observability.

Uploaded by

surozawal11111
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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**Microservices Documentation**

### **1. Introduction to Microservices**

**What Are Microservices?**

Microservices are an architectural style where applications are composed of small, independent, and
loosely coupled services. Each service:

- Owns a specific business capability (e.g., user authentication, payment processing).

- Runs in its own process and communicates via APIs (HTTP/REST, gRPC, messaging queues).

- Can be developed, deployed, and scaled independently.

**Key Characteristics**

- **Decentralized:** Teams own services end-to-end.

- **Resilient:** Failures in one service don’t crash the entire system.

- **Technology-Agnostic:** Use the best tool for each service (e.g., Node.js for APIs, Python for data
processing).

**Benefits**

- **Scalability:** Scale individual services based on demand.

- **Faster Development:** Teams work in parallel without blocking each other.

- **Flexibility:** Adopt new technologies incrementally.

**Challenges**

- Complexity in managing distributed systems.

- Requires robust monitoring and logging.

- Network latency and eventual consistency challenges.

---
### **2. Microservices Architecture**

**vs. Monolithic Architecture**

- **Monolithic:** Single codebase, tightly coupled components, harder to scale.

- **Microservices:** Decoupled services, independent deployments, optimized scaling.

**Design Principles**

1. **Single Responsibility:** One service = one business function.

2. **Decentralized Data Management:** Each service owns its database (e.g., PostgreSQL for orders,
MongoDB for user profiles).

3. **API Gateway:** Central entry point to route requests, handle authentication, and aggregate
responses.

4. **Service Discovery:** Tools like Consul or Kubernetes DNS auto-locate services.

**Communication Patterns**

- **Synchronous:** REST/HTTP or gRPC for real-time requests.

- **Asynchronous:** Message brokers (Kafka, RabbitMQ) for event-driven workflows.

**Key Technologies**

- **Containers:** Docker for packaging services.

- **Orchestration:** Kubernetes for deployment, scaling, and management.

- **Monitoring:** Prometheus + Grafana for metrics; ELK Stack for logs.

---
### **3. Implementation & Best Practices**

**Getting Started**

1. **Decompose Monoliths:** Split by business domains (e.g., checkout, inventory).

2. **Define APIs:** Use OpenAPI/Swagger for clear contracts.

3. **Automate CI/CD:** Jenkins, GitLab CI, or GitHub Actions for seamless deployments.

**Best Practices**

- **Circuit Breakers:** Use Hystrix or Resilience4j to prevent cascading failures.

- **Versioning:** Manage API versions (e.g., `/v1/orders`) for backward compatibility.

- **Security:** Implement OAuth2/JWT for service-to-service auth.

**Monitoring & Observability**

- Track metrics (latency, error rates).

- Trace requests across services with tools like Jaeger or Zipkin.

**Case Study: Netflix**

- Migrated from monolithic to microservices for scalability.

- Uses Eureka for service discovery and Zuul as an API gateway.

**Conclusion**

Microservices enable agility and scalability but require careful design and DevOps maturity. Start
small, prioritize automation, and invest in observability.

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