12 Tenses
12 Tenses
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Introduction
In English grammar, verbs are often used in a way that it indicates or
denotes the time when an event occurred. These verbs that take up
different forms to indicate the time of an action, event or condition by
changing its form are called as tenses.
That is why I have prepared this booklet and recorded its explanations,
insha allah I hope it is benefit to many students.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
√ Auxiliary verb used in forming the tenses. The primary auxiliary verbs
in English are be, do, and have ; the modal auxiliaries
are can, may, must, shall, will etc.
√ FORMULA √ EXAMPLES
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
USAGE: When you use present simple, you are using a routine. It’s
something that you always do every day, month or year, Or it’s
something that you never do.
HE
Examples:
1. She cooks food every week.
2. He drinks tea every night.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
I
HE
WE
SHE DOES DO
YOU
IT
THEY
Examples
1) Q: Does she wash the cloths every week?
N: she does not wash the cloths every week.
2) Q: does he eat apple every night?
N: he does not eat apple every night.
Exercise:
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ali goes to school every day
Q: .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Q: ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
HE YOU
SHE IS WE ARE
IT THEY
I ARE
Examples
1. She is washing the cloths now.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed is going to school at the moment.
Q: ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Usage: Present perfect tense is used for an action which have just
completed, In other words, you are looking at the result right now
without any words referring to time.
I
HE
WE
SHE HAS HAVE
YOU
IT
THEY
Examples
1. She has sung the song.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1) Ahmed has slept on the bed.
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Usage: present perfect continuous is used for an action which has started
in the past and still continues, You have been performing the action and
still are performing the action in the present.
Examples
1) She has been washing the cloths.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1) the teacher has been teaching us the lesson.
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Usage: simple past is used for an action which finished in the past.
DID
Examples
1. She washed the cloths yesterday.
2. I went to school.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. john went to school yesterday.
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
I
YOU
HE
WAS WE WERE
SHE
THEY
IT
Examples
1. She was sitting the chair yesterday.
3. I was sleeping.
Note: all the other tenses have auxiliary verbs in their positive
sentences except (simple present and simple past) and therefore their
question and negative forms will be done as we did before with the
other tenses.
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed was going to school yesterday.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Usage: Past perfect is used for an action which had happened before
another action in the past. So This verb tense uses two actions at two
different times. Before the second action occurs, the first action is
complete.
Had
Examples
1. She had washed the cloths before she left the house.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed had gone to school.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Usage: Past perfect continuous has a complete action that happened before
a second action. But in this case, you can describe how long.
And For colloquial English, people don’t use past perfect continuous
very often. But in text books, it’s a bit more common.
Examples
1. She had been washing the cloths.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed had been going to school.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
YOU
THEY I
HE WILL SHALL
WE
SHE
IT
* NOTE: Instead of using “will”, you can use “going to” for future
tense. But this lesson uses “will” for the future tense.
Examples
1. She will wash the cloths tomorrow.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed will go to school tomorrow.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Examples
1. She will be washing the cloths.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. Ahmed will be going to the market tomorrow.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
5. it will be raining.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Usage: future perfect is used for an action which will have completed
at some point in the future before another is completed.
Examples
1. She will have washed the cloths by this week.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. I will have finished this book.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Examples
1. I will have been working
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
Exercise
Change these sentences into question and negative:
1. We will have been exercising.
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Q: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
N: ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Now, test yourself getting help from your friend or another person. Did
you understand all the 12 tenses, their forms, usage, and examples.
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BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR TENSES
THE END
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