SUPERVISION

SUPERVISION

Concept of Supervision:-

Ans:- Supervision refers to the direct and immediate guidance to

the subordinates by the immediate superior to ensure the
implementation of plan. In another aspect, supervision aids in the
resolution of subordinate difficulties, while in another, it makes them
more accountable for completing assigned tasks. It encourages the
most efficient use of people and physical resources. It is beneficial to
the day-to-day implementation of the plan in practice.

This function is a must is a must to ensure an optimum utilization of

human and physical resources. It is essential to ensure that the
subordinates are working in accordance with plan and schedule.

According to Viteles ,” supervision refers to the direct and

immediate guidance and control of subordinates in the performance
objectives”.

1. Explain the Role of Supervisor?

Ans:- Supervision is the only manager who has major role for
execution of plain in practical operation. Therefore, a supervisor
plays multi- disciplinary roles which are as follows:-

i. As a planner
ii. As a manager
iii. As a leader
iv. As a mediator
v. As an inspector
vi. As a counselor

i. As a planner:-
Ans: A supervisor is responsible for planning the
organization's day-to-day operations. The work schedule is
created using the information provided by the middle
 managers. After preparation of regular plan another
important part of supervisor role is to divide the work to all
the employees on the basis of their skill and efficiency.

ii. As a manager:-
Ans: A supervisor is a key member of the management team.
S/he is the level manager's representative to the
subordinates. S/he is a significant part of the managerial
function in terms of day-to-day operations. As a manager he
provides guidance, solve problems, and maintain
coordination the work of subordinate level employees.

iii. As a leader:-
Ans:- As a leader supervisor inspires and motivates
employees to do job according to best of ability. S/he leads
the employees by guidance them to develop working
efficiency. S/he encourages subordinates by providing
facilities on the basis of their efficiency and skill.

iv. As a mediator:-
Ans:- A supervisor plays the role of mediator between
employees and upper level manager. S/he develops a plan
with the help of the manager and implements it with the help
of the employee. It assists in making timely decisions for the
enterprise's seamless operation.

v. As an inspector:-
Ans:- An important role of supervisor is to enforce discipline
among the employees. These tasks entail comparing work
progress to the schedule, tracking work performance at
regular intervals, and identifying any differences from the
actual job completed. He or she can also set rules and
regulations that workers must follow while at work.

vi. As a counselor:-
Ans:- A supervisor plays the role of a counselor to the
worker’s problem. S/he has to perform this role in order to
build good relation and co-operation from workers. This can
 be done not only by listening to the problems but also
handing the problems and satisfying the workers.

2. Explain the Function of Supervisor?

Ans:- Supervisor is subordinates level manager and he has direct
contact with operating level employees. S/he is directly involved in
the day-to-day planning and execution of the plan. In practice, the
supervisor's actions have a direct impact on the organization's
efficiency and effectiveness. The following are the common
functions performed by the supervisor:-

i. Planning Work Schedule

ii. Assigning Jobs
iii. Training Workers
iv. Enforcing Discipline
v. Communication
vi. Motivation
vii. Controlling Performance

i. Planning Work Schedule :-

Ans:- This is the planning function of supervisor. He organizes

the staff' regular work schedules. Under his supervision, he
sets a calendar of activities for each work group. Workers are
given performance goals as a result of such a work plan. It is
based on departmental action plans.

ii. Assigning Jobs:-

Ans:- this is the organizing function of supervisor. He allocates
jobs to his employees. Each member is allocated a certain job
depending on his or her talents and abilities. The lines of
authority and duty are also defined. Employees have access to
machines, tools, and equipment. It is also guaranteed that
they are well maintained.
iii. Training Workers:-
Ans:- This is the staffing function of supervisor. He provides
instructions and guidance to workers. He provides them in -
service training. He recommends transfer and promotion of
employees. He also helps in selecting operation employees.
He trains workers in new work techniques and information
technology.

iv. Enforcing Discipline:-

Ans:- This is also the staffing function of the supervisor. He
enforces discipline at work place. He ensures adherence to
rules and regulations. He also handles disturbance at work
place. He also takes disciplinary action against those who
break the regulations. He provides a pleasant working
environment. He also handles employee grievances.

v. Communication:-
Ans:- This is the leading function of supervisor. He
communicates instructions and orders to workers. He
disseminates information at work place. He acts as a
spokesperson for the workers. He creates cordial relations
between management and employees.

vi. Motivation:-
Ans:- This is also the leading function of supervisor. He inspires
employees to achieve better levels of productivity. He makes
the task tough and entertaining.
He enhances the working environment by enforcing health,
safety, and welfare laws.

vii. Controlling Performance:-

Ans:- This is the controlling function of supervisor. He controls
the performance of workers. He makes certain that
performance goals are met. He compiles reports on actual
performance on a regular basis. He compares real results to
the goals he set for himself.
3. Explain the Factors Affecting Supervision?
Ans:- Supervision brings the feeling of responsibility among all the
members of the organization. Upper-level managers maintain face-
to-face relationships with subordinates in order to offer them with
timely direction. On the basis of a plan, it is beneficial to attain set
objectives:

i. Competency of Supervisor
ii. Leadership Skill
iii. Communication Skill
iv. Human Relation Skill
v. Impartiality
vi. Clear Instruction and Guidance
vii. Participative Management
viii. Ability of Subordinates
ix. Better Working Environment

i. Competency of Supervisor:-
Ans:- The ability of supervisors is essential factor of
supervision. A supervisor must be competent and skillful in
his own sector of knowledge. S/he has to implement plans
and polices in practical works. Therefore, he must have both
technical and administrative knowledge of the organization.

ii. Leadership Skill:-

Ans:- A supervisor must have leadership quality. He or she
should be able to lead, organize, manage, and maintain
positive relationships with subordinates. He or she must be
able to motivate, encourage, and inspire subordinates to
improve their job confidence and skills.

iii. Communication Skill:-

Ans:- Communication is one of the inseparable elements of
supervision. It is essential to exchange information of
performance with subordinates. A supervisor must possess
 communication skill. There must be the system of two-way
communication in the organization.

iv. Human Relation Skill:-

Ans:- A supervisor must have knowledge about human
behavioral approach. S/he must be aware of subordinates'
attitudes, emotions, feelings, and actions. Human relation
competence is one of the aspects of efficient supervision,
and it is required of a successful supervisor.

v. Impartiality :-
Ans:- As a leader of the group, impartiality must be taken
into consideration by the supervisor to make supervisor
effective. S/he must be open-minded and fair in dealing
with the problems of subordinates. S/he should deal with all
the employees in equal manner and concept of partiality
must be avoided. This is a must to bring a system in
organizational performance.

vi. Clear Instruction and Guidance:-

Ans:- Instruction and guidance give to the subordinates
must be clear and complete for their effective
implementation. The supervisor must employ an efficient
and up-to-date communication mechanism. He is required
to personally visit his employees from time to time and
provide assistance on the spot.

vii. Participative Management:-

Ans:- In modern day operation, participation of
subordinates in decision-making process has been taken as
an essence of management it is a must to make practical
decision. There must be a two-way communication system
between the supervisor and the subordinates. It is critical to
improve the management system in order to achieve
organizational goals.

viii. Ability of Subordinates:-

 Ans:- It is one of the factors affecting in supervision. When
subordinates are skilled and efficient, straightforward
direction is all that is required. A supervisor can effectively
supervise a large number of subordinates for a long period
of time. It is not necessary to devote the most amount of
time to each subordinate.

ix. Better Working Environment:-

Ans:- Working environment of organization also affects in
supervision. The division of work on the basis of nature,
assignment of responsibility on the basis of ability, proper
layout of machines and equipments, motivational behavior
of supervisor etc. also affect in supervision. When workers
feel encouragement and responsible, they will perform their
duties in efficient way.