02/23/24

SCIENCE
ACTIVITY 3.1

1. IF YOU ARE LIVING NEAR AN ACTIVE VOLCANO, WHAT WILL YOU

DO?

If you are living near an active volcano, there are certain precautions that you should
take to ensure your safety. It is important to keep a safe distance from the volcano and
avoid any areas that may be at risk of volcanic eruptions. You should be aware of the
warning signs of an imminent eruption and evacuate any nearby areas as soon as
possible. Additionally, it is advisable to be prepared for possible ash rain or other
volcanic activities that may occur. If possible, you can stay indoors and monitor the
situation closely through local news outlets or authorities.

2. WHEN ARE VOLCANOES CONSIDERED AS THREATS TO LIFE AND

PROPERTY?

Volcanoes can be considered a threat to life and property during several stages of their
life cycle, including:

* Eruption: During an eruption, volcanic activity releases huge amounts of ash, lava, and
other volcanic products, which can destroy buildings, infrastructure, and livestock.
Eruptions can also release toxic gases and aerosols into the atmosphere, which can
harm human health and the environment.
* Magmatic activity: Magmatic activity, which occurs before an eruption, can lead to
earthquakes, changes in the landscape, and other changes, which can damage buildings,
infrastructure, and other structures.
* Lahar/mud flow: Lahars, which are large mudflows consisting of mud, water, debris,
and volcanic products, can be triggered by heavy rainfall during or after an eruption.
Lahars can destroy infrastructure and can be deadly to people and animals in their
paths.
 * Pyroclastic flows: Pyroclastic flows are fast-moving currents of hot gas, ash, and debris
that can occur during an eruption. Pyroclastic flows can destroy buildings,
infrastructure, and vegetation, and can be lethal to people and animals in their path.

Volcanoes can be a significant threat to life and property, and it is important to be aware
of the potential hazards and take appropriate precautions to protect against these risks.

3. HOW IS VOLCANISM RELEVANT TO UNDERSTANDING THE STATE

OF EARTH TODAY?

Volcanism is a natural process that has had a significant impact on the world throughout
history. It plays a significant role in the Earth’s geological history, where volcanic
activity has helped to shape the Earth’s landscape, and even created new land masses. It
is linked to various geological processes such as tectonic plates, mantle plumes, and
tectonic activity. Understanding volcanism can help to explain how the Earth has
evolved over time and how volcanic activity still affects the state of the Earth’s
environment and geological landscape today.

4. LIST TWO BEST DISASTER-RELATED PRACTICES THAT PROMOTE

DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND VALUE FOR LIFE.

Two best disaster-related practices that promote disaster preparedness and value for
life include:

A. Earthquake drills: Earthquakes are one of the most common natural disasters, and
practicing earthquake drills can improve awareness, increase preparedness, and
save lives. Earthquake drills teach people what to do before, during, and after an
earthquake, and encourage residents to prepare emergency kits, map out
evacuation routes, and identify safe meeting points.
B. Disaster response training: Disaster response training prepares civilians, emergency
responders, and other stakeholders to effectively respond to a disaster when it
occurs. This training can teach people how to identify and assess emergencies, how
to provide first aid, how to set up temporary shelters, how to manage resources, and
how to communicate effectively during and after a disaster. By investing in disaster
response training, individuals and communities can build resilience and increase
their ability to withstand and recover from disasters.

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5. COPY AND PASTE HERE REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10121.

RA 10121 provides a comprehensive, all-hazard, multi-sectoral, inter-agency, and

community-based approach to disaster risk management through the formulation of the
National Disaster Risk Management Framework.

6. WHY DOES THE PHILIPPINES HAVE TO STRICTLY ENFORCE AND

OBSERVE RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS FOR
VOLCANIC DISASTERS?

The Philippines, as an island nation with a high volcanic activity, is particularly

susceptible to volcanic disasters and their devastating effects. Therefore, the country
has to strictly enforce and observe risk reduction management programs to protect life
and property. This includes measures to reduce or prevent hazards associated with
volcanism, such as volcanic eruption management, disaster preparedness, and
evacuation policies. Additionally, the country has also established long-term plans and
policies to protect the lives of its citizens and limit the economic impact of volcanic
disasters.

7. WHY DO A NUMBER OF A PARTICULAR TYPE OF VOLCANOES

EXIST IN THE PHILIPPINES?

The Philippines is located within the Pacific Ring of Fire, which is an area of high
volcanic and seismic activity surrounding the Pacific Ocean. As a result, the Philippines
is home to many volcanoes, including some of the most active and dangerous volcanoes
in the world. The high level of volcanic activity in the Philippines is due to the collision
of the Pacific and Philippine Sea plates, which creates faults along the coast. As magma
rises along these faults, it can form volcanoes, many of which are still active today. The
combination of these factors makes the Philippines a hotspot for volcanic activity, which
is why it is home to a large number of volcanoes.

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8. WHY CAN VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS BECOME DEADLY?

Volcanic eruptions can become deadly for several reasons. Firstly, a volcanic eruption
can spew lava, smoke, and toxic gases into the atmosphere, which can cause breathing
problems or even death for those living nearby. Secondly, volcanic ash that is released
into the atmosphere can cause air quality to deteriorate severely, which can lead to poor
visibility and other hazards. Thirdly, volcanic eruptions can also produce seismic
activity that can trigger landslides or collapse buildings and cause damage and injuries.
Finally, volcanic activity can also lead to flooding and runoff that can damage
infrastructure and cause casualties.

Volcanic eruptions can be deadly due to the combination of these factors, and it is
important to be aware of the potential hazards and take appropriate precautions to
protect against these risks.

9. HOW CAN VOLCANOES AFFECT THE LIVES OF PEOPLE IN A

POSITIVE WAY OR IN A WAY THAT IS BENEFICIAL TO US?

Though volcanoes can be deadly and destructive, they also have positive effects on the
lives of people and the environment. Volcanic eruption is a natural process that plays an
important role in shaping the Earth’s environment and geological landscape.
Volcanic ash can serve as a fertilizer for plant life and can even create new land masses
that can contribute to the growth and development of the Earth’s ecosystems.
Additionally, volcanic activity can release minerals and other materials that can be
helpful in a variety of ways, such as providing useful raw materials or helping to
regulate the Earth’s atmosphere and climate.

However, it is important to note that the positive effects of volcanoes are often
outweighed by the negative impacts they can have on people and the environment, and
it is important to prioritize disaster preparedness and risk reduction measures when
living in or visiting volcanic areas.

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10. CONCLUSION:

When a volcano erupts, the local population may be impacted, but they also stand to
gain the most. For them to continue living close to volcanic regions in spite of the fact
that they are already aware of the consequences of their choices.

To live and work near a volcano and be ready for any emergencies, it’s critical to
comprehend the risks and advantages of volcanoes. A focus on understanding the
condition of the Earth and how volcanoes contribute to its evolution, along with disaster
preparedness and response training, can help people and communities be ready to
respond to emergencies and make decisions about their safety.