SCIENCE REVIEW TOPICS AND QUESTIONS

1. Human Respiratory System

 Key Questions for Review:
o How does oxygen move from the air into the lungs?

o What liquid carries oxygen around the body?

o Which animals have respiratory systems similar to humans?

 Practice Questions:
o Describe the path oxygen takes from the air to the bloodstream.

o Identify two functions of the human respiratory system.

o Compare the respiratory system of a human to that of a fish.

2. Diseases and Hygiene

 Key Questions for Review:
o What are the main causes of disease?

o Why is handwashing important for hygiene?

o When should you wash your hands?

 Practice Questions:
o Name two ways diseases spread and how to prevent them.

o Explain how vaccinations help protect against diseases.

o List three situations where handwashing is crucial.

3. Chemical Reactions
 Key Questions for Review:
o Why does stirring during an experiment improve accuracy?

o What are signs that a chemical reaction has occurred?

o How do you interpret temperature changes during a reaction?

 Practice Questions:
o Identify three observations that indicate a chemical reaction.

o Explain why controlling variables is important in experiments.

 o Analyze a temperature graph and describe the reaction pattern.

4. Physical Changes
 Key Questions for Review:
o What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?

o Which physical changes are reversible?

o How does temperature affect the rate of evaporation?

 Practice Questions:
o Draw and label the stages of water changing state.

o Compare physical and chemical changes with examples.

o Explain why evaporation happens faster in warmer conditions.

5. Forces and Motion

 Key Questions for Review:
o What are the four main forces acting on an object?

o How do balanced and unbalanced forces affect motion?

o What information can you get from a force diagram?

 Practice Questions:
o Label the forces acting on a moving bicycle.

o Predict what happens when two forces of different sizes act on an

object.
o Explain how friction helps and hinders movement.

6. Thermal Conductivity
 Key Questions for Review:
o What is thermal conductivity?

o How do different materials conduct heat?

o Why are metals good conductors?

 Practice Questions:
o Compare the thermal conductivity of water and air.

o Explain why thermal insulation is useful.

 o Identify a real-life use of a high-conductivity material.

7. Solar System
 Key Questions for Review:
o Name planets in the Solar System.

o What object orbits Earth?

o What does "not drawn to scale" mean in models?

 Practice Questions:
o Identify the position of Earth in the Solar System.

o Explain why planets stay in orbit around the Sun.

o Compare the Moon’s gravity to Earth’s gravity.

8. The Human Circulatory System

 Key Questions for Review:
o What are the three types of blood vessels?

o What substances does blood carry to and from the organs?

o How does the heart function in the circulatory system?

 Practice Questions:
o Explain how oxygen travels through the circulatory system.

o Identify the functions of arteries, veins, and capillaries.

o Why is the circulatory system important for delivering nutrients?

9. Food Webs and Energy Transfer

 Key Questions for Review:
o What is the energy source for a food web?

o How do toxic substances move through a food chain?

o How does energy flow between producers and consumers?

 Practice Questions:
o Draw and explain a simple marine food chain.

o Describe how toxins accumulate in top predators.

 o What happens if one organism is removed from a food web?

10. Dissolving and Particle Theory

 Key Questions for Review:
o What happens when a solid dissolves in a liquid?

o How does temperature affect particle movement?

o What are the properties of substances that dissolve?

 Practice Questions:
o Describe how a sugar cube dissolves in warm water.

o Explain why stirring speeds up the dissolving process.

o How do temperature changes affect particle behavior?

11. Investigating Bacteria Growth

 Key Questions for Review:
o What variables need to be controlled in bacteria growth experiments?

o How does acid affect bacterial growth?

o Which human organ uses acid to defend against bacteria?

 Practice Questions:
o Identify two risks in bacterial experiments and how to reduce them.

o Explain how different environments affect bacterial growth.

o Why does stomach acid protect the body from bacteria?

12. Temperature and States of Matter

 Key Questions for Review:
o What is the boiling point of a substance?

o How do melting and boiling points differ among materials?

o What happens to particles when temperature changes?

 Practice Questions:
o Identify substances that remain liquid at room temperature.

o Explain how thermometers measure temperature accurately.

o Compare the melting points of water and mercury.

13. Floating and Sinking
 Key Questions for Review:
o How does density affect whether an object floats or sinks?

o What patterns do floating objects follow?

o How can the shape of an object change its ability to float?

 Practice Questions:
o Predict whether a metal ball will sink or float.

o Explain how to make modelling clay float.

o Describe how density affects buoyancy.

14. Light and Reflection

 Key Questions for Review:
o Why does a pencil look bent in water?

o How do light rays behave when reflected by a plane mirror?

o What is refraction, and how does it affect vision?

 Practice Questions:
o Draw a diagram showing light reflecting off a mirror.

o Explain why light changes direction when passing through glass.

o Describe how light behaves when it travels through water.

15. The Rock Cycle

 Key Questions for Review:
o What are the three main types of rocks?

o How do crystal sizes indicate how a rock formed?

o What are the key processes in the rock cycle?

 Practice Questions:
o Identify which rock is sedimentary based on its formation.

o Explain how cooling speed affects crystal size in rocks.

o Describe how erosion contributes to the rock cycle.

16. Gases and Their Properties

 Key Questions for Review:
o How do gases behave in a closed container?

o What happens to gas when the container is punctured?

o How do gases mix and spread?

 Practice Questions:
o Explain what happens when helium is released into the air.

o Describe how gas particles behave in different environments.

o Predict how temperature affects the spread of gas.