‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ‬

‫اورثو فاينل عملي وزاري‪-‬الجزء االول‬

‫إﻋﺪاد وﺣﻠﻮل‬
‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻓﺎﻫﻢ دارم‬

‫‪From slide 1 to 50‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫آﻟ‪C‬ﺔ اﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮزارة‬

‫*ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻤﻜﺘﻮب اﻻﻣﺘﺤﺎن راح ‪I‬ﻜﻮن ‪R‬ﺼ‪C‬ﻐﺔ ‪ MCQs‬ﻓﻘﻂ ‪I‬ﻌﻨﻲ ﻻزم‬

‫ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻮن اﻟ‪c‬ﺸﺨ‪C‬ﺺ ‪_،‬ﺲ ﻻن اﻟﻮزارة ﻣﺎﻣﻨﻬﻢ أﻣﺎن وﻻن ﻫﺬا اﻣﺘﺤﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻔﺮﺻﺔاﻟﻮاﺣﺪة ودرﺟﺘﺔ ﻣﻮ ﻗﻠ‪C‬ﻞ ﻛﺘ‪k‬ﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺗﺨﺺ ‪g‬ﻞ ﺻﻮرة‬

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Name of case:- median diastema.

Treatment:-Frenctomy.

Name of angle:- SNA angle.

Benifets:-Relationship of the Maxilla to the Skull.

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Name of appliance:- "Twin Block"
functional appliance.
Indications:
• Class II malocclusion (retrusive mandible)

• Overjet correction .

• Deep bite.

• Mild maxillary constriction (if expansion is included).

Name of picture:- Removable orthdontics appliance.

Components and its function :

1-Active components: which produce force for tooth movement, as springs, screw, elastics, active labial bows.

2-Retentive components: responsible for holding the appliance inside the mouth, as clasps.

3-Acrylic base plate: as a major connector connecting the components.

Types of tooth movement done by removable appliances:

1. Tipping movement:-

a. Labio-lingual (bucco-palatal) direction.

b. Mesio-distal direction.

2. Rotation of less than 90° (couple force system).

3. Intrusion and extrusion (combination appliance.

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Name of x-ray:- OPG.

Age of patient:-7-9yrs.

Fixed orthodontics appliance

Type of brackets :Metal orthodontic brackets.

Advantages

• Lower cost compared to ceramics.

• High efficiency.
• Strong and rarely break.

Drawbacks

• Less comfortable for the first 2 weeks compared

to ceramics.
• Less aesthetically pleasing than ceramics.

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 Names of this cases and which difference between them?
Etiological factors of malocclusion (Local factors). ‫ﻫﺎي اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬

supernumerary teeth (Mesiodens). supplemental teeth

supernumerary teeth not resemble normal teeth. supplemental teeth resemble normal teeth.

HYRAX RME appliances

The Rapid maxillary expander

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 (Unilateral cleft lip and palate)

Mangment:
Specialized facial strapping or orthodontic plates are
,used
help mould or reposition the divided facial and
maxillary segments

Surgical repair of cleft lip is usually carried out

between 3 and 6 months of age as a single
,procedure

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Occlusal features:buccal crossbite,anterior crossbite

Ethology:Skeletal Causes,Soft Tissue Causes andDental Name of condition: class III malocclusion
Factors
Treatment:Accepting the incisor relationship,Early
Orthopedic Treatment,Orthodontic Camouflage andSurgery.

Treatment by appliance Chin-cup – this has the effect of

rotating the mandible downwards and backwards with a
reduction of overbite
Protraction face-mask used to advance the maxilla
Co-operative patient is necessary to achieve the 14 hours
per day wear required

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 clear plastic retainer.
Hawley retainer.
Advantages:
Advantages:
• Superior esthetics
1. Simple to construct.
• Less interference with speech
2. Reasonably robust.
• More economical and quicker to make
3.Rigid enough to maintain
• Less likely to break
transverse corrections.
• Ease of fabrication
4. It is easy to add a prosthetic tooth.
• Superior retention of the lower incisors.

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The interincisal angle is the angle formed between

the most prominent maxillary and mandibular incisors

Interincisal angle value = 135° ± 10°

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 A removable appliance to procline upper central and lateral incisors

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Etiology of Dental Crossbite Anterior crossbite: Dental single tooth crossbite

1. Crowding.
2. Anomalies of teeth number, size, and shape,
macrodontia.
3. Premature loss or prolong retention of primary
teethdisplacement of permanent teeth into crossbite
position.
4. Occlusal interference/prematurities.

Treatment of Dental Anterior Crossbite

A. Tongue blade therapy.
B. Removable orthodontic appliance with z-spring.
C. Fixed orthodontic appliance.

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 (Deep Bite)

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Mild crowding and lateral inscisor displacement.

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 Case:Rotation tooth less than 90°.

Mangment:(couple force system).

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Gemination : Single tooth germ splits into partially or fully separated crowns
but with a common root and root canal. (+)

Fusion: Two tooth germs unite to form a single large crown with two root
canals; seen in incisors. (-)

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Median diastema ,Gingival recession in lower incisors,proclamations of upper and lower anterior teeth

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Resorption in lower incisors teeth.

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 Posterior open bite

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congenitally missing teeth(Oligodontia)

Management

This could be either space closure and correct teeth alignment

with orthodontic treatment, or replace the missing tooth with
an implant or prosthesis.

Causes of congenitally missing teeth

Disturbances during the initial stages of formation of a tooth.

Inherited characteristic

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 Open bite (Negative overbite)

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Maxillary Plane (Palatal Plane): The line joininganterior nasal spine

with posterior nasal spine.

Mandibular line:The line joining gonion and menton.

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 Hand-Wrist radiograph

hand– wrist development correlate reasonably

well with the adolescent spurt in growth of the
mandible. ‫ع ﻣﻦ اﻷﺷﻌﺔ‬f‫اﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪة ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨ‬

27

Traumatic deepbite

in which the deepbite associated with the Impingement of the mandibular

incisors in the mucosa palatal to the maxillary incisors commonly is seen in
malocclusions with extremely deep bite as in sever Class II malocclusion.

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 Dental single Anterior Crossbite

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CBCT x-ray

Provide maximum intensity projection

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 Seconde key Crown angulation“The mesiodistal tip”

The term angulation refers to angulation (or tip) of the long axis
of the crown not to angulation of the long axis of the entire tooth.

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Functional regulator/Frankel appliance.

used to recontour the facial soft

tissue adjacent to the teeth as well as
posture the mandible downward and
forward.

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 Advancement LeFort I

• Anteroposterior Correction .
• preferred technique for maxillary retrognathism.

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median diastema.

spacing between lower inscisor

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 Buccal canine retractor

Indication:To move mesially inclined

canine distally.

Case:Retract mesially inclined canine

within the arch.

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deep bite

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 37

Anterior Single tooth Cross bite.

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 Advancement Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy (BSSO) .

technique for mandibular prognathism

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Facial line:is line joining nasion and pogonion.‫اﻻزرق‬

Facial-Maxillary Angle (FMA)

• Measures the inclination of the maxilla relative
to the facial skeleton.

•Helps determine whether the patient has a

normal, increased, or decreased vertical facial
dimension

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 41

Demineralization

Considered Risks of orthodontic treatments

May occur during fixed orthodontic treatment specially, as a result of plaque

accumulations in case of un-cooperative patient (poor oral hygiene).

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 Hawley Arch

Uses of the Hawlev Arch as a Retentive Component

Uses of the Hawlev Arch as active Component

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Active removable appliances

Hawely arch
Z-spring

Adam's clasp

These appliances are capable of exerting pressure and perform tooth movement.

44
 Functional crossbite (pseudo-Class III malocclusion).

when there is an edge-to-edge incisors relationship in centric relation, the patient tends
to habitually move the mandible forward, so as to achieve maximum intercuspation.

45

TWIN-BLOCK APPLIANCE

46
 skeletal deepbite skeletal openbite

a-The rotation of either jaw is considered b-The rotation is "backward" or " posterior" and
"forward" or " anterior" and given a negative given a positive direction if it lengthens anterior
sign if there is more growth posteriorly than facial dimensions more than posterior ones,
anteriorly (clockwise rotation) bringing the bringing the chin downward and backward
chin forward and upward (tendency to (counter clockwise rotation). (tendency to
skeletal deepbite). skeletal openbite)

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SN Line: This line, connecting the midpoint of sella turcica with

nasion, is taken to represent the cranial base.

Functional Occlusal Plane: A line drawn between the cusp tips of the
permanent molars and premolars (ordeciduous molars in mixed dentition).

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 Posterior cross bite,spacing and proclination

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Removable Appliance with Jackscrew

it can be used in both arches, usually activated by turning the

screw 1-2 quarter turn (0.25-0.5 mm) /week.

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 Quad Helix Appliance

• it can be used as a removable or fixed expansion appliance.

• The appliance is capable of producing differential expansion, i.e. it can be

activated to produce different expansion levels in the premolar and molar
regions.

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Retained upper C both sides

Missing upper canine
Retained lower E
Missing lower 5

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53