9

Science
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems Working Together
Science – 9
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working Together
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Zusette A. Medrano
Editors: Jeorge Louie D. Anoba, Ma. Josephine A. Pleños
Reviewers: Evelyn C. Frusa PhD, Nida Y. Pastor PhD, Rolex H. Lotilla and Arvin M. Tejada
Illustrator:
Layout Artist: Den R. Fernandez
Cover Art Designer: Reggie D. Galindez
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Crispin A. Soliven Jr, CESE - Schools Division Superintendent
Roberto J. Montero EdD, CESE - Asst. Schools Div. Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM/Subject Area Supervisor
Belen Fajemolin PhD - CID Chief
Evelyn C. Frusa PhD - Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Bernardita M. Villano - Division ADM Coordinator
Nida Y. Pastor PhD - EPS, Science

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region

Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: [email protected]
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Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Science 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Respiratory and
Circulatory Systems Working Together
This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher, or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum
while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st-century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Science – 9 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Respiratory and
Circulatory Systems Working Together
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create,
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

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This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

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 At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the Learning Competency for Quarter 1, Week 1-2. The competency is to
explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport
nutrients, gases, and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body. The
main topic is on the coordinated functions of respiratory and circulatory systems
(systemic and pulmonary circulations). The scope of this module permits it to be
used in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is divided into four lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 Prior knowledge on respiratory and circulatory systems parts
and functions
 Lesson 2 Mechanisms of breathing
 Lesson 3 Blood flow in the human heart

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  Lesson 4 Coordinated function of respiratory and circulatory systems
(blood circulation)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Identify the parts of the respiratory and circulatory systems;
2. Describe the functions of each part of the respiratory and circulatory systems;
3. Demonstrate how the lungs work;
4. Trace the path of air during inhalation and exhalation;
5. Demonstrate how the heart functions;
6. Describe the blood that flow in and out of the heart;
7. Describe pulmonary and systemic circulations;
8. Trace the flow oxygenated and deoxygenated blood; and,
9. Explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together.

What I Know

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Direction: Read each statement and choose the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following are organs of the respiratory system?

a. nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, lungs
b. nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, stomach
c. nasal cavity, trachea, brain, heart, lungs
d. nasal cavity, trachea, veins, intestines, lungs

2. Carlos is suffering hemophilia, a bleeding disorder due to lack or low levels of

clotting factors. What would happen if he becomes wounded?
I - Blood clots faster at the wounded part.
II - Blood clots slower at the wounded part.
III - Excessive blood loss will be experienced.
UV – There will be no change in the rate of blood flow.

a. I and II
b. I and III
c. II and IV
d. II and III

3. Which body system delivers more oxygen to muscular cells during running,
biking, or swimming where oxygen is used at a faster rate?
a. respiratory
b. circulatory
c. digestive
d. nervous

4. After running around the oval, your PE instructor tells you to inhale and
exhale deeply. Which of the following will be the path of air during exhalation?
I. Alveoli IV. Nasal Passage
II. Bronchi V. Nose
III. Bronchioles VI. Trachea

a. I, III, II, VI, IV, V

b. I, II, III, VI, IV, V
c. V, IV, VI, II, III, I
d. V, IV, VI, I, II, III
5. Which chamber of the human heart pumps blood to all parts of the body?
a. right atrium
b. left atrium
c. right ventricle
d. left ventricle

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6. Mark joined a 100-meter dash. What will most likely happen to his heart?
a. It will beat faster than normal.
b. It will beat slower than normal.
c. It will stop to beat.
d. It will burst.

7. Which of the following best describes pulmonary circulation? Blood circulation

from the ________.
a. heart going to the lungs and other parts of the body
b. heart going to the lungs and back to the heart
c. lungs to the different parts of the body
d. body going to the heart

8. Below is the path of deoxygenated blood in the body. Which of the following
will make the path correct?

Other Parts of the Body → ______________ → Right Atrium → Tricuspid Valve →

_________________ → Main Pulmonary Artery → Left and Right Pulmonary Artery
→ _______________

a. vena cava, left ventricle, pulmonary vein

b. left ventricle, right ventricle, lungs
c. left atrium, right ventricle, lungs
d. vena cava, right ventricle, lungs

9. How does the respiratory and circulatory system together?

Respiratory system ___________________ while circulatory system

______________________.

a. provides nutrients, absorbs water

b. facilitates gas exchange, transports blood
c. transports blood, facilitates gas exchange
d. creates immune cells, provides a framework

10. Deney is 30 years old and he never stops smoking since college. What would
likely happen to the coordinated function of the respiratory and circulatory
systems?
a. They will work more efficiently.
b. They will provide essential materials to the body.
c. They will allow the circulation of toxins inside the body.
d. There will be no work coordination between the two body systems.
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 Respiratory and Circulatory
Systems Working Together
This module presents two most powerful systems in our body – the respiratory
and circulatory systems. While each system has its distinct functions, they work
together to provide oxygen gases to the blood for distribution all throughout the body
and eliminate carbon dioxide which is considered a waste material.

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 What’s In

The Respiratory system is composed of organs that help us breathe air in

and out – supplying oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide gases. The air enters the
nose (nostril), nasal cavity (passageway) to make it warm, damp, and clean. The air
moves to the pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), and trachea (windpipe). The
trachea conducts inhaled air into the lungs through the bronchi. The bronchi are
divide into bronchioles which are smaller tubes and finally to the alveoli (air sacs).
Let us now review the lessons on the parts of the respiratory system and their
functions in Activities 1 and 2.
Activity 1: Identifying Parts of the Respiratory System
In this activity, you will identify the parts of the respiratory system. Identify each
part and write your answer on a separate sheet. Choose the answer from the word
bank.

Word Bank

alveoli bronchi

bronchioles diaphragm

epiglottis larynx

lung nasal cavity

nose pharynx

sinuses trachea

Figure 1. The human respiratory system

Activity 2: Match Me
In this activity, you will describe the functions of the parts of Respiratory
System. Match Column A, the parts of the respiratory system, with Column B, the
functions of the respiratory system. Write the letter of your answer on a separate
sheet.

Column A Column B

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___1. Bronchi A. It is a wide and hollow tube connecting
larynx and bronchi which provides airflow
to and from the lungs for respiration.
___2. Bronchioles B. It is a thin skeletal muscle that sits at the
base of the chest and separates the
abdomen from the chest. It contracts and
flattens when you inhale.
___3. Diaphragm C. They facilitate exchange of oxygen and
carbon dioxide gases between inhaled air
and the bloodstream.
___4. Lungs D. These soft, pink, and spongy organs that
process of inhalation and exhalation.
___5. Nose E. It is the main passageway of air from
trachea to the lungs and back to the upper
respiratory tract.
___6. Trachea F. It serves as the entrance of the air that we
breathe in and out.
___7. Alveoli G. These are smaller tubes inside the lungs
which allows air to enter and leave the air
sacs.

Let us check your answers! Turn to page 26 to know how well you do in these activities.
If you answered 14-17 of the questions correctly, you did a great job! If you answered
13 and below, review your answers and read more on the parts and functions of the
respiratory system.

The Circulatory system, also known as cardiovascular/vascular system,

transports nutrients, respiratory gases, and metabolic products throughout a living
organism which permits integration among the various tissues. The circulation
includes the intake and delivery of metabolic materials throughout the organism,
and the removal of harmful by-products and return to the environment. It is made
up of heart, blood, and blood vessels (veins, arteries, and capillaries).

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 Let us do activity 3 to determine how well you have remembered your previous
lessons on the circulatory system.

Activity 3: The Human Circulatory System

This activity will measure your skills in identifying the parts of the circulatory
system and describe their functions. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

For items 1 and 2.

1. What is the name of the organ?

2. What is the function of the organ?

a. pumps blood
b. collects blood
c. delivers blood to the body

For items 3-8.

3 5

For items 3-5, what are the different kinds of the blood vessel?

3. 4. 5.

6. Item 3 transports
a. blood infected with viruses
b. deoxygenated blood
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 c. oxygenated blood

7. Item 4 facilitates
a. transport of water
b. exchange of gases
c. consumption of nutrients

8. Item 5 transports
a. oxygen-rich blood
b. oxygen-deficient blood
c. carbon dioxide rich blood
For items 9-12.
9

10

11

12

For items 9 – 12, identify the components of blood.

9. 10. 11. 12.

13. Which of the following is NOT a function of the blood?

a. It transports water, gases, nutrients, and enzymes.
b. It protects from bacteria and viruses.
c. It maintains high level of acidity.

Let us check your answers! Turn to page 26 to know how well you do in this
activity. If you answered 10-13 of the questions correctly, you did a great job! If you
answered 9 and below, review your answers and read more on the parts and functions
of the circulatory system.

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 What’s New

Activity 1: My Pulse Rate

In this activity, we are going to conduct a short exercise to determine the effect
of physical activities to the pulse rate.

Materials:
stopwatch, paper, pen

Procedures:
1. Sit properly and comfortable for 5 minutes to take a rest.
2. Extend your arms out and have palms face upward.
3. Place your index and middle fingers to the wrist just below the base of the
thumb to find the pulse.
4. Count the number of pulse for 15 seconds using a stopwatch.
5. Multiply the number of beats by 4 to determine the pulse rate per minute and
record on a table in a separate sheet.
6. Execute 15 jumping jacks and do steps 4 and 5.
7. Perform 10 push-ups and do steps 4 and 5.
8. Run in place for 2 minutes then do steps 4 and 5.

Sitting Jumping Push-ups Running in

(At Rest) jacks Place
Pulse Rate
(beats per
minutes)

Questions:

1. What was your pulse rate when you were at rest?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. How would you compare your pulse rate before and during the activity?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. Why did your pulse rate change as you are doing the activity?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. Is doing physical exercise important? Why?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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 Let us check your answers! Turn to page 27. If you answered 3-4 correctly, you
did very well.

The heart rate, measured using beats per minute (bpm), varies in every
individual. The infants have 80-160 bpm, children have 80-130 bpm, and adults
normally have 60 -100 bpm. Children 2 years and below have higher heart rates
because of a faster metabolism. The heart rate decreases as children grow. People
doing heavy activities may have three times faster than the normal rate. However, a
faster heart rate may be due to more serious health problems.

What is It

In this section, the mechanics of breathing, the flow of blood in and out the
heart, circulation of blood are briefly explained and illustrated

The Mechanics of Breathing

The breathing is a process that allows the movement of air in and out of the
lungs. Inhalation/Inspiration takes place when the air pressure within the alveolar
spaces falls below atmospheric pressure provided that the larynx is open. The
exhalation/expiration takes place when the air pressure within the alveoli exceeds
atmospheric pressure. The airflow can be rapid or slow in proportion to the level of
the pressure differences. Since atmospheric pressure remains relatively constant,
airflow is determined by how much above or below atmospheric pressure the
pressure within the lungs rises or falls.

Figure 2. Illustration of Mechanism of Breathing

https://www.britannica.com/science/human-respiratory-system/The-mechanics-of-
breathing#/media/1/499530/99770

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Pathway of Air
Inhalation: nose → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi →
bronchioles → alveoli (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out)
Exhalation: alveoli → bronchioles → bronchi → trachea → larynx → pharynx
→ nasal cavity → nose

Blood Flow through the Heart

The human heart pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood provides
oxygen and nutrients to the body and removes carbon dioxide and wastes. As blood
flows through the body, oxygen is used up making the blood oxygen poor or
deoxygenated.

The human heart is divided into 2 major chambers – the left and the right.
The right chamber receives oxygen-poor or deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the
lungs. The left chamber receives oxygen-rich or oxygenated blood and pumps it the
other parts of the body.

RA. Right Atrium SVC. Superior Vena Cava TV. Tricuspid Valve
RV. Right Ventricle IVC. Inferior Vena Cava MV. Mitral Valve
LA. Left Atrium MPA. Main Pulmonary Artery PV. Pulmonary Valve
LV. Left Ventricle Ao. Aorta AoV. Aortic Valve

Figure 3. Cross-Sectional Image of a Human Heart

https://www.britannica.com/science/blood-biochemistry#/media/1/69685/113906
Flow of Deoxygenated or Oxygen-Poor Blood

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 Other Parts of the Body → Vena Cava (Superior Vena Cava and Inferior Vena
Cava) → Right Atrium → Tricuspid Valve → Right Ventricle → Main Pulmonary Artery
→ Left and Right Pulmonary Artery → Lungs

Flow of Oxygenated or Oxygen-Rich Blood

Lungs → Left and Right Pulmonary Vein → Left Atrium → Mitral Valve → Left
Ventricle → Aortic Valve → Aorta → Other Parts of the Body

How do respiratory and circulatory systems work together?

Respiratory and circulatory systems work together to circulate the blood

throughout the body. Air moves to the lungs through the nose, nasal passages,
pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles. Oxygen diffuses to the
bloodstream and transported to the left chambers of the lungs through the
pulmonary veins. The heart pumps the blood to other parts of the body. As the oxygen
diffuses to the cells, the cells use oxygen to breakdown sugar to release energy. As a
result, carbon dioxide gases are produced as waste materials in the bloodstream. The
carbon dioxide-rich blood is delivered to the right portion of the heart through
superior and inferior vena cava. The heart pumps the blood to the lungs through the
pulmonary artery. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the alveoli and travels
out of the body through bronchiole, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity,
and nose. These processes continue as we breathe air in and out, and as the heart
pumps blood. Without these coordinated functions of the respiratory and circulatory
system, humans will surely die.

What’s More

In this section, you will be doing hands-on activity on the mechanisms of breathing,
the human heart, and the coordinated functions of the respiratory and circulatory
systems.

Activity 1: Breathe In and Breath Out

This activity helps you create a lung model to visualize mechanisms of
breathing.

Safety Precautions.
1. Observe safety and presence of mind in using scissors or sharp
objects to cut and make holes.
2. Ask for the assistance of older siblings or parents in case you have
difficulty in doing the task.

Materials Needed:
1 1L Soft drink plastic bottle

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 1 scotch tape
2 small balloons
1 large balloon
2 piece plastic juice straw
Clay
Scissors

Procedures: Figure 4. Lung model

1. Cut the straw into 2 parts and the other half into two. Insert the shorter
straws about 2 centimeters to the longer straw. Using scotch tape, bind
the straws together but ensure to let the air pass through without escaping
at the junction.
2. Place a balloon at the end of the shorter straw and tape it to seal.
3. Make a hole on the bottle cap enough for the longer straw to fit.
4. Using the scissors, cut two inches from the bottom of the bottle.
5. Screw the bottle cap tightly and inside the bottle insert the straw with
balloons, making sure that 1 inch of the straw is out of the bottle cap.
6. Use the clay to secure the straw’s position.
7. Cut the large balloon’s top to create an opening.
8. Use the larger balloon to close the bottom of the bottle with scotch tape.
9. Pull and push the balloon at the bottom part of the bottle. Do this
for 3 to 5 times or as you please. Observe what happens to the
smaller balloons inside.

Guide Questions

1. What happens to the smaller balloons inside as you pull and push the
balloon at the bottom?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. In the lung model, how does the air move in and out of the smaller balloons?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. What is the expansion and contraction of the smaller balloons called?

Specify your answer.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. The materials used in the lung model represent organs of the respiratory
system. Name them.
a. 1-liter or bigger soft drink plastic bottle represents the _______________
b. 2 plastic juice straw represent the ___________________
c. 2 small balloons represents the ___________________
d. 1 larger balloon represent the ____________________

5. Is the function of the respiratory system important? Why?

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 ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Let us check answers! Turn to page 28. If you answered 4-5 of the questions
correctly, you are ready to proceed to the next activity. If not, review your work and
ask for your teacher’s assistance.

Breathing is a vital function for human life to exist. It allows oxygen to enter
the cells in the body for metabolic processes. Cells deprived of oxygen for a long
period affect vital functions like the beating of the heart, sending electrical signals in
the brain, or moving of air in and out of the lungs.

Breathing is divided into inhalation or inspiration, and exhalation or

expiration. According to Alvarez et. al. (2014),

“When you breathe in or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts.

Inhaling moves the diaphragm down and expands the chest cavity.
Simultaneously, the ribs move up and increase the size of the chest cavity.
There is now more space and less air pressure in the lungs. The air pushes
in from the outside where there is higher air pressure. It pushes into the
lungs where there is lower air pressure.”

“When you breathe out or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes.

The diaphragm and ribs return to their original place. The chest cavity
returns to its original size. There is now less space and the greater air
pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air outside where there is lower air
pressure.”

Like the lungs of the respiratory system, the heart of the circulatory system also
plays a critical function in order to supply cells with oxygen and eliminate carbon
dioxide. We are now ready to move to another hands-on activity on how the blood
flows in and out of the heart.

Activity 2: Pump It Up

In this activity, you will be creating the heart model to describe how the heart
pumps blood.

Safety Precautions.
1. Observe safety and presence of mind in using scissors or
sharp objects to cut and make holes.
2. Ask for the assistance of older siblings or parents in case you have
difficulty in doing the task.

Materials Needed:
 1 small jar
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  1 balloon
 2 pieces flexible drinking straws
 Tape or glue
 1 pair of scissors
 1 large pan
 Water, toothpick

Procedures:
1. Fill the jar half full of water.
2. Cut the neck of the balloon off at the part where it starts to widen into a
balloon. Set the neck part aside.
3. Stretch the balloon over the opening of the jar, pulling it down as tightly
as you can. The flatter you can get the surface of the balloon, the better.
4. Get a sharp toothpick and gently poke two small holes on the surface of
the balloon. Make them about an inch apart from each other and near
opposite edges of the jar.
5. Get your straws and push one through each hole with the bendy part
sticking out of the top. The straws should fit securely in the holes so that
no air can get through around the straws.
6. Slide the uncut end of the balloon neck onto one of the straws and tape it
around the straw.
7. Set your pump in a large pan or the sink to catch the pumped water. Bend
the straws downward. Gently press in the center of the stretched balloon
and watch what happens to the water in the jar.

Figure 5. Heart model

Guide Questions:

1. What does the water inside the jar represent?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. What happens to the water inside the jar as you press the center of the
stretched balloon?

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 __________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

3. How is heart pump model similar to the human heart?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

4. Is it important for the human heart to pump? Why?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

Let us check your answers! Turn to page 28. If you answered 3-4 items
correctly, you may proceed to the next activity. If not, review your work and read more
on the human heart.

The heart, a hollow muscular organ about the size of your fist, is located in
the center of your chest between the lungs. It serves as a pump to circulate the blood
in the body. This organ is a double pump that pumps on the left and right sides.
Every side is divided into two chambers, the atrium and the ventricle, each of which
has a left and right portion, totaling to four chambers altogether. The top chamber
is atrium (plural: atria). The bottom chamber is called the ventricle. The valve acts
as a one-way door, allowing blood to flow either forward into the next chamber, or
out of the heart. The left and right chambers are separated by a wall of muscle called
septum to prevent the mixing of the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the other parts of the body
through vena cava. The superior vena cava, a large vein, returns blood to the heart
from the head, neck, and both upper limbs while the inferior vena cava returns
blood to the heart from the lower part of the body. Deoxygenated blood moves from
the right atrium to the right ventricle through a tricuspid valve. The right ventricle
pumps the blood to the main pulmonary artery which connects to the lungs.

The left atrium receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs through the
pulmonary vein. The blood moves to the left ventricle through the mitral valve and
to the aorta through the aortic valve. The aorta is the main artery that transports
blood away from the heart.

Since we have learned the mechanisms of breathing and the blood flow to and
away from the heart, we will explore how they work together to transport nutrients,
gases, and other molecules.

Activity 3. The Pulmonary and Systemic Circulations/Circuit

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 In this activity, you will trace the path of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
as it flows to the heart, lungs, and blood-carrying vessels. Study the illustration
below and answer the questions that follow. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

Figure 6. Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations

https://difference.guru/difference-between-pulmonary-and-systemic-circulation/

Guide Questions.
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 1. What kind of blood is transported to the lungs in the pulmonary circulation?

__________________________________________________________________________

2. What kind of blood circulate from the heart to the other parts of the body?

__________________________________________________________________________

3. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs and other parts of the body?

__________________________________________________________________________

4. Complete the flow of deoxygenated blood

Other Parts of the Body → (a) _______________ → (b) _______________ →

Tricuspid Valve → (c) _______________ → (d) _______________ → Capillary bed
in the lungs (alveoli)

5. Complete the flow of oxygenated blood

Lungs → (a) _______________ → (b) _______________ → Mitral Valve → (c)

_______________ → Aortic Valve → (d) _______________ → Capillary bed of the
other parts of the body

6. What is the difference between pulmonary and systemic circulations?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

7. What will happen if the respiratory and circulatory systems fail to transport
nutrients, gases, and other molecules?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

8. Is it important that respiratory and circulatory systems work together? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Let us check your answers! Turn to page 28. If you answered 6-8 items
correctly, you may proceed to the next activity. If not, review your work and read more
on the coordinated function of respiratory and circulatory systems.
21
 Pulmonary circulation transports blood between the heart and the lungs. It
transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get rid of carbon dioxide and absorbs
oxygen gas. The oxygenated blood then flows back to the heart. Systemic
circulation moves blood between the heart and the rest of the body. It sends oxygen
to the cells and removes carbon dioxide. The deoxygenated blood return to the heart.

What I Have Learned

Now that you’ve learned a lot from the very start of our module, let us summarize
the lesson by answering the questions below.

1. What is the difference between inhalation and exhalation?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. What will happen to the body if you hold your breath for a prolonged period
of time?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

3. If the flow of blood between the lungs and heart is disrupted, what would
happen to the body?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

4. Which is more important? Systemic Circulation or Pulmonary Circulation?

Why?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. What will happen if the respiratory and circulatory systems stop working
together?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

22
 ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Job well done! You are close to the finish. It is time to put those learning into
application.
In this time of COVID-19 pandemic which is an infectious disease caused by
severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), health experts
suggest following minimum health standards like physical distancing, frequent
washing of hands, and the wearing of face masks. What will happen to the viruses if
we inhale them? What should we do then?

Assessment

Directions: Read each statement and choose the best answer. Write the letter of your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

23
1. Which of the following makes up the circulatory system?
a. blood, blood vessels, heart
b. blood, blood vessels, lungs
c. blood vessels, heart, lungs, nasal cavity
d. blood, blood vessels, alveoli, heart, lungs

2. Mr. Marco was rushed to the South Cotabato Provincial Hospital (SCPH) due
to a serious heart attack. What will likely happen to him his heart if not treated
right away?
a. continues to pump
b. stops to pump
c. pumps slower
d. pumps faster
3. Which body system allows oxygen to enter the bloodstream and get rid of the
carbon dioxide and release it to the environment?
a. respiratory
b. circulatory
c. digestive
d. nervous

4. Mr. Anton Aro is standing outside the house and doing breathing exercises.
Which of the following is the correct pathway of oxygen as he breathes in?
I. Alveoli IV. Nasal passage
II. Bronchi V. Nose
III. Bronchioles VI. Trachea

a. VI, V, IV, III, II, I

b. V, IV, VI, II, III, I
c. III, I, II, V, VI, IV
d. IV, VI, V, I, II, III

5. Which chamber of the human heart pumps blood to the lungs?

a. right atrium
b. left atrium
c. right ventricle
d. left ventricle
6. Atheena was active in both academic and sports activities. She was a volleyball
player in her school and after class, she practices vigorously for at least an
hour. What happens to the heart rate of a person after a strenuous activity?
a. increases
b. decreases
c. fluctuates
d. sustains

24
 7. Which of the following best describes systemic circulation? Blood circulation
from the ________.
a. heart going to the lungs and back to the heart
b. heart going to the lungs and other parts of the body
c. heart to the different parts of the body back to the heart
d. lungs to the different parts of the body back to the heart

8. Below is the path of oxygenated blood. Which of the following will make the
path correct?

Lungs → ________________ → Left Atrium → Mitral Valve → ________________

→ Aortic Valve → _______________ → Other Parts of the Body

a. pulmonary vein, left ventricle, aorta

b. pulmonary artery, left ventricle, aorta
c. vena cava, left ventricle, pulmonary vein
d. pulmonary main artery, right atrium, left ventricle

9. Mark is a contestant in a marathon yet he did not sleep well last night. He felt
dizzy and fainted in the middle of the race. Why do you think did this happen?
a. Blood cells didn’t get the necessary amount of oxygen to the body parts.
b. Oxygen blood levels of the body was normal.
c. He had low blood pressure.
d. None of the above.

10. What will happen if respiratory and circulatory systems do not work
together?
a. The body is not provided with essentials materials for proper function.
b. The body will increase its immunity from all diseases.
c. The body will receive more essentials materials.
d. The body will continue to work properly.

Let us check your answers! Turn on page 29. If you answered 8-10 items
correctly, you did a wonderful job. If not, check on the items that you have answered
wrongly.

Additional Activities

25
Congratulations! You’ve come this far. I know you’ve learned a lot about respiratory
and circulatory systems working together. Let us do this activity.

This photo is taken from Sen. Manny Pacquioa’s instagram account.

Senator Manny “Pacman” Pacquiao is a great Filipino boxer. He won 8

division world titles. During his fights, Pacman is seen to breathe faster.

Questions.

1. Why does Manny Pacquiao need to breathe faster?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

1. Do respiratory and circulatory system work together during his fight? If

yes, why do they need to do so?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

2. Are you proud of him as a Filipino? Why?

___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

26
 27
What’s More
Activity 1
1. It expands and contracts.
It inflates and deflates.
What’s
2. The Newair moves in andWhat’s
out through
In the tubes with the aid
of the balloon at theActivity
bottom.3
Expansion
1.3. Answers may 1. heart
– Inhalation; Contraction – Exhalation
4. a. chest cavity
vary. Kindly 2. a
b. trachea
refer 3. artery
to the and bronchi
c. lungs
bpm during at 4. capillary
d. diaphragm
rest. 6. vein
2. increasing 7. c
3. The heart 8. b
needs to beat 9. red blood cells
faster to 10. white blood cell
circulate blood. 11. plasma
4. Yes. It helps us 12. platelets
maintain good 13. c
health.
What I Know What's In
1. A Activity 1: Activity 2:
2. D 1. Pharynx 1. E
3. B 2. Epiglottis 2. G
4. A 3. Sinuses 3. B
5. D 4. Nasal cavity 4. D
6. A 5. Nose 5. F
7. B 6. Larynx 6. B
8. D 7. Trachea 7. C
9. B 8. Lung
10. C 9. Bronchi
10.Diaphragm
Answer Key
 What I Have Learned
1. When we inhale, our diaphragm contracts while the muscles between the
ribs contract as well. There will be an increase in size and air rushes filling
28
the lungs and in contrast as to exhaling, our diaphragm relaxes while the
pressure increases within. The lungs begin to contract and air is exhaled
out.
2. Holding your breath for a long period of time can lead to a low heart rate
due to lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide will build up in your blood stream
and thus can lead to loss of consciousness or blocking out.
3. Blood cannot easily flow with its natural order causing blood to backflow
which stains the muscles of the chambers of the heart which causes
shortness of breath and if not taken with action can cause death.
4. Both systemic and pulmonary circulations are important because they
work simultaneously.
5. If respiratory and circulatory system stop working together, we may get
sick and eventually die.
What’s More
Activity 3
1. blood
2. moves out the jar through the
straws
3. It shows how the heart pumps
4. Yes. The heart provides pressure
for blood to flow to the different
parts of the body.
 health standards.
follow these minimum
cause death. It is wise to
of the country.
contagious and may
honor and pride
This virus is highly
3. Yes. He brings
the fight.
10.A body.
sustain during
9. A numbers affecting the
energize to
8. A virus may grow in
all cells are
7. C As this happens, the
make sure that
6. A to all parts of the body.
2. Yes. This is to
5. C and will be distributed
muscles
4. B enter the bloodstream
oxygen to the
3. A respiratory system may
1. To provide
2. B The virus through the
Activities 1. A Answer
Additional Assessment What I Can Do

Reference

Alvarez et. al. (2014). Science Grade 9 Learner's Module First Edition. Pasig
City, Philippines. Department of Education, pp. 2-16

Elliott, David H. et. al (2020). Human respiratory system.

https://www.britannica.com/science/human-respiratory-system Accessed
on June 15, 2020

Matthews, Bernard E. et. al. (2019). Circulatory system

https://www.britannica.com/science/circulatory-system Accessed on June
15, 2020

____________. The Heart as A Pump.

https://www.smm.org/heart/lessons/lesson5a.htm Accessed on June 15,
2020

29
 DISCLAIMER

This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd

SOCCSKSARGEN with the primary objective of preparing for and
addressing the new normal. Contents of this module were based on
DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). This is a
supplementary material to be used by all learners of Region XII in
all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR
development was observed in the production of this module. This
is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]