OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE

BOARD REVIEW NO.5 (2013)

GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. Use No. 2 Mongol Pencil only.
2. Supply all the needed information in the answer card.
3. Read each question carefully.
4. Do not use your mobile phone while the test is going on.
5. Sign the attendance sheet before you leave the testing area.
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS:
Select the correct answer for each of the following questions. Mark only one answer for each item by shading the space
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED.

1. Usual greeting rendered by uniformed members upon meeting and recognizing person entitled to _______.
A. Salute C. Verbal Greeting
B. Shaking Hands D. Bowling of heads
2. Considered as the highest form of love in the PNP hierarchy of police values.
A. Love of women C. Love of God
B. Selfless love of people D. Love of power
3. What law that regulated the Criminology profession in the Philippines?
A. R.A. 4864 C. R.A. 8551
B. R.A. 6975 D. R.A. 6506
4. What is the term of office of the Members of the Board of Criminology?
A. 3 years C. 6 years
B. 4 years D. 2 years
5. When does R.A. 6506 was approved?
A. July 1, 1972 C. October 12, 1987
B. October 15, 1998 D. None of the above
6. PSI Mercado’s word is his bond, he stand by it and committed himself to uphold it. What police tradition does
inspector Mercado upholds?
A. Delicadeza C. Word of Honor
B. Camaraderie D. Honor Code
7. A police officer who sacrificed his life and limb for the sake of his countrymen whom he pledged to serve lives the
tradition of________ among Filipino Law enforcers.
A. Physical courage C. Valor
B. Bravery D. Courage
8. PSSupt Pinaglabanan is due to relinquish his position as Provincial Director of Laguna in favor of PSupt Castor.
What police customs on ceremony shall be observed?
A. Honor ceremony C. Transfer of position ceremony
B. Turn-over ceremony D. Farewell to the troops ceremony
9. Mandated to establish a Code of conduct for the PNP members to foster their individual efficiency, behavioral
discipline and organizational effectiveness.
A. PNP Directorate for Plans
B. PNP Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine Development
C. National Police Commission
D. Internal Affairs Service
10. It was culled from the PNP Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards which is anchored on the divine
and moral precepts, the constitution, RPC, Anti Graft and Corrupt Practices Law, Code of Conduct and Ethical
Standards for Public Officials and Employees and other special laws.
A. PNP Ethical Doctrine C. PNP Code of Ethics
B. PNP Ethical Standards D. PNP Professional Ethics
11. What law that regulated the Criminology profession in the Philippines?
A. R.A. 4864 C. R.A. 8551
B. R.A. 6975 D. R.A. 6506
12. PNP COPCES is subject to review for possible revision every______.
A. 3 years C. 5 years
B. 10 years D. 4 years
13. PNP members are duty bound to uphold the ethical doctrine and live upon the customs and traditions of the
organization. In case of conflict in the practice of the customs and traditions and the performance of duties, which
shall prevail?
A. Performance of duties C. Obedience to superior order
B. Practice of customs and traditions D. Law
14. Violation of the PNP Ethical Doctrine shall be penalized under, except.
A. RPC, RA 6713 and other Special Laws
B. Rules and Regulations promulgated by the NAPOLCOM
C. Articles of War
D. CSC Rules and Regulations
15. An embodiment of the core values and principles which a police officer is sworn to uphold to win the hearts and
minds of the people, which is the ultimate objective of police community relations.
A. PNP Code of Professional Conduct and Ethical Standards
B. PNP Police Ethics Manual
C. Code of Conduct for Government Officials and Employees
D. Law Enforcement Code of Ethics
16. The reputation of any organization affects the esprit de’ corps, morale and welfare of the members and sense of
pride to the organization. Thus, all PNP members should act in a manner that would give best impression to the
organization by living to its core values to enhance its-
A. Integrity C. Efficiency
B. Credibility D. Image
17. In consonance with the requirements of honor and integrity in the service, PNP members must have the moral
courage to sacrifice self-interest in keeping with the time-honored principle of_______________.
A. Honesty C. Delicadeza
B. Moral courage D. Palabra de honor
18. The PNP promotes to maintain modest and yet dignified life for its members. They are required to be free from
greed, corruption and exploitation.
A. Police Lifestyle C. Police Integrity
B. Police Life D. Police Fairness
19. PNP members are restraint to seek political influence on matters pertaining to assignment, award, training and
promotion.
A. Influence peddling C. Political patronage
B. Political corruption D. Politicking
20. Police_________________ is the performance of duties with integrity, intelligence and competence in the
application of specialized skills and technical knowledge with excellence and expertise.
A. Professionalism C. Efficiency
B. Competence D. Effectiveness
21. Police Officers should use government properties and resources effectively, honestly and efficiently.
A. Commitment to the government C. Commitment to public interest
B. Commitment to ethical standards D. Commitment to public duty
22. PSI Jocelyn Cruz was assigned as head of the Violence Against Women and Children Division of the Manila
Police District. The Mayor of Manila facilitated her designation in that office. One day a Barangay Chairman known to
be a critic of the city mayor went to her office to seek police assistance which she immediately attended to. What
police professional conduct did Cruz exercised?
A. Political neutrality C Non-partisanship
B.Respect for human rights D. Non-political patronage
23. SPOIV Antonio Torres was elected twice as president of homeowners association in the barangay where he
resides. As homeowners association president, he is credited for maintaining order in the community. His involvement
in this civic organization has never prejudice his official duties as member of the PNP. Torres exercise-
A. Social awareness C. Civic duties
B.Social responsibility D. Police community relations
24. Ethical Doctrine requires PNP members to perform their duties with dedication, thoroughness, efficiency,
enthusiasm, determination and manifest concern for public welfare. They are refraining to engage in any activity,
which would be in conflict with their duties as public servants.
A. Dedication to the police service C. Work ethics
B. Devotion to duty D. Hard work
25. Former PNP Chief DG Nicanor Bartolome required all PNP personnel to plant trees to help in the development
and conservation of our natural resources for ecological balance and posterity. This is in compliance with the PNP
Professional Conduct of-
A. Conservation of environment
B. Conservation of natural resources
C. Environmental protection
D. Maintenance of ecological balance
26. A common feeling of purpose, pride, loyalty and responsibility that unites a disciplined group of people.
A. Unity C. Solidarity
B. Camaraderie D. Esprit de’ corps
27. Taking of legitimate means to achieve the goal despite of internal and external difficulties that may be faced which
might weaken the resolve in the course of time.
A. Prudence C. Patience
B. Diligence D. Perseverance
28. Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees.
A. RA 6713 C. PD 46
B. RA 7080 D. RA 3019
29. When a police officer is taught how to deal with people in a warm and friendly manner, he is trained
in________________.
A. Media relations C. Public relations
B. Community relation D. Human relations
30. Ideas, actions, habits or experiences that contribute to the promotion of human life.
A. Moral virtues C. Values
B. Virtues D. Moral values
31. Person’s choice of values.
A. Personality C. Reputation
B. Character D. Behavior
32. Formal act or set of formal acts established by customs or authority as proper to special occasions.
A. Ceremony C. Customs
B.T raditions D. Social Decorum
33. A symbol of public faith and public trust.
A. Police uniform C. Police logo
B. Philippine flag D. Police badge
34. Love of country is manifested with a pledge of allegiance to the flag and a vow to defend the Constitution.
A. Nationalism C. Patriotism
B. Duty D. Loyalty
35. A set of norms and standards practiced by the PNP members during social activities and other functions.
A. Social Decorum C. Discipline
B. Customs D. Social Etiquette
36. The reciprocal attitudes between the police and the community.
A. Police public relations C. Police community relations
B. Human relations D. Community relations
37. Known as an Act Creating the Board Examiners for Criminologists.
A. R.A. 8551 C. R.A. 6506
B. R.A. 6975 D. R.A. 4864
38. What refers to anti-social act or behavior which deviates from the normal pattern of rules and regulation, custom
and culture which society does not accept and which therefore, justifies some kind of corrective measures in the
public interest and it is being committed by minors?
A. Child Delinquency C. Minor Delinquency
B. Juvenile Delinquency D.Youth Delinquency
39.It is committed by any person who shall engage in trading and dealing with children including, but not limited to the
act of buying and selling of a child for money or for any other consideration, or barter.
A. Child Exploitation C. Child Prostitution
B. Child Marketing D. Child Trafficking
40. What is also known as the "Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004"?
A. RA 7610 C.RA 9262
B.RA 9208 D.RA 9344
41. What type of a delinquent youth is characterized by being aggressive and recent the authority of anyone who
makes an effort to control his behavior?
A. Accidental C. Neurotic
B. Asocial D. Social
42. It tells us that the offender behaves as she or he does in response to pathological personality of some kind.
A .Biogenic C. Psychogenic
B. Phatogenic D. Sociogenic
43. It is characterized by disrespect or disobedience for authority.
A. Anti Social Behavior C. Truancy
B. Emotional Disorder D. Vagrancy
44. What theory holds that youth engage in delinquent and criminal behavior after weighing the consequences and
benefits of their actions; delinquent behavior is a rational choice made by a motivated offender who perceives that the
chances of gain outweigh any possible punishment or loss?
A. Anomie C. Label
B. Choice D. Neutralization
45. What is a wrong, degrading or immoral habit or practice accustomed to the child?
A. Addiction C. Indecent Action
B. Habitual Delinquency D. Vice
46. It refers to the totality of the circumstances and conditions, which are most congenial to the survival, protection
and feelings of security of the child and most encouraging to the child's physical, psychological and emotional
development.
A. Anti Youth Exploitation Measure
B. Best Interest of the Child
C. Restorative Juvenile Justice
D. Special Protection of Minor
47. Which among the following is the most preferred court to handle cases involving Child in Conflict with the Law?
A. Barangay Court C. Regional Trial Court
B. Family Court D. Supreme Court
48. What program is required for the child in conflict with the law to undergo after he/she is found responsible for an
offense without resorting to formal court proceedings?
A. Community Service C. Parole
B. Diversion D .Probation
49. Under the “Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006”, it refers to the person in authority or his/her agent as
defined in Article 152 of the Revised Penal Code, including a barangay tanod.
A .Law Enforcement Officer C. Probation Officer
B. Police Officer D. Public Officer
50 It refers to a principle, which requires a process of resolving conflicts with the maximum involvement of the victim,
the offender and the community. It seeks to obtain reparation for the victim; reconciliation of the offender, the offended
and the community; and reassurance to the offender that he/she can be reintegrated into society. It also enhances
public safety by activating the offender, the victim and the community in prevention strategies.
A. Reformative Justice C. Reintegrative Justice
B. Rehabilitative Justice D. Restorative Justice
51. It refers to a 24-hour child - caring institution managed by accredited local government units (Lugs) and licensed
and/or accredited nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) providing short-term residential care for children in conflict
with the law who are awaiting court disposition of their cases or transfer to other agencies or jurisdiction.
A. Child Placement Home C. Receiving Home
B. Detention Home D. Rehabilitation Home
52. It refers to a 24-hour residential care facility managed by the Department of Social Welfare and Development
(DSWD), LGUs, licensed and/or accredited NGOs monitored by the DSWD, which provides care, treatment and
rehabilitation services for children in conflict with the law. Rehabilitation services are provided under the guidance of a
trained staff where residents are cared for under a structured therapeutic environment with the end view of
reintegrating them into their families and communities as socially functioning individuals. Physical mobility of residents
of said centers may be restricted pending court disposition of the charges against them.
A. Youth Reformative Center C. Youth Reintegrative Center
B. Youth Rehabilitative Center D. Youth Restorative Center
53. Who shall coordinate with the Local Councils for the Protection of Children (LCPC) in the formulation and
implementation of juvenile intervention and diversion programs in the community?
A .Commission on Human Rights C. National Youth Commission
B. Kabataan Partylist D .Sangguniang Kabataan
54. Which of the following is one that provides temporary protection and care to children requiring emergency
reception as a result of fortuitous events, abandonment by parents, dangerous condition of neglect or cruelty on the
home, being without adult care because of crisis in the family, or court order holding them as material witnesses?
A. Child Caring Institution C. Rehabilitation Center
B. Detention Home D. Shelter Care Institution
55. It is an institution or place of residence whose primary function is to give shelter and care to pregnant women and
their infants before, during and after delivery.
A. Day Care C. Maternity
B. Detention Home D. Nursery
56. He is one who is without a parent or guardian, or whose parents, guardian or other custodian for good cause
desire to be relieved of his care and custody; and is dependent upon the public of support.
A. Abandoned Child C. Dependent Child
B. Abused Child D. Neglected Child
57. He is one who had no proper parents’ care or guardianship or whose parents or guardians have deserted him for
period of at least six continuous months.
A. Abandoned Child C. Dependent Child
B. Abused Child D. Neglected Child
58.It exists when the children are maltreated, raped or seduced; when children are exploited, over worried or made to
beg in the streets or public places, or when children are in moral danger, or exposed to gambling, prostitution, or other
vices.
A. Emotionally Neglected Child C.Psychologically Neglected Child
B. Physically Neglected Child D.Sexually Neglected Child
59. Who are those who, although not afflicted with insanity or mental defect, are unable to maintain normal social
relations with others and community in general due to emotional problems?
A. Emotional Disturbed Children C. Physically Handicapped Children
B. Mentally Subnormal D .Retarded at Maturity
60. What type of delinquent is characterized by serious emotional disturbances within the individual and in some
cases associated with tendencies towards mental illness?
A. Biologically Inherited Delinquents C.Environmental Delinquents
B. Genetically Maladjusted Delinquents D.Psychiatric Delinquents Offender
61. It is a process of taking into one’s family of the child of another, as son or daughter and heir, and conferring on it a
title to the rights and privileges of such.
A. Adoption C. Filiation
B. Expatriation D.Repatriation
62. It is otherwise known as Special Protection of Children against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act of
1992.
A. RA 7610 C. RA 9262
B. RA 6809 D. RA 9344
63.If children, whether male or female, who for money, profit or any other consideration or due to the coercion or
influence of any adult, syndicate or group, are indulge in sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct it is known as…
A. Child Abuse C. Child Prostitution
B. Child Exploitation D. Child Trafficking
64. It comprises all the means used to enforce those standards of conduct, which are deemed necessary to protect
individuals and to maintain general community well - being.
A. Criminal Justice System C. Justice Cycle
B. Crime Justice System D. Science of Justice
65. Which among the following criminal justice model is based on the idea that the most important functions of the
pillars of the Criminal Justice System are the protection of the public and the repression of criminal conduct?
A. Crime Control C. Crime Prevention
B. Crime Detection D. Crime Reduction
66. Who is known as the Superstar in the Criminal Justice System?
A. Judge C. Suspect
B. Police D. Victim
67. What do you call the arrest made by an ordinary citizen of the community under the conditions prescribed under
Rule 113 Section 5 of the Revised Rules of Court?
A. Ordinary Arrest C. Warranted Arrest
B. Police Apprehension D. Warrantless Arrest
68. Which among the following is considered as the weakest link of the Philippine Criminal Justice System?
A. Corrections C. Police
B. Court D. Prosecution
69. When in his presence, the person to be arrested has committed, is actually committing, or is attempting to commit
an offense is a scenario which can also be called as…
A. Hot Pursuit C. In Flagrante Delicto
B. Fugitives from Justice D. Prisoners Arrest
70. This is known as the “Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2001”.
A. R.A. 8551 C. R.A. 9262
B. RA 9160 D. R.A. No. 9344
71.It is an inquiry or proceeding for the purpose of determining whether there is sufficient ground to engender a well -
founded belief that a crime cognizable by the Regional Trial Court has been committed and that the respondent is
probably guilty thereof and be held for trial.
A. Custodial Investigation C. Preliminary Investigation
B. Final Investigation D. Tactical Interrogation
72. It is a sworn written statement charging a person for an offense, subscribed by the offended party, public officers
or any peace officer in charged of the law violated.
A. Affidavit C. Information
B. Complaint D. Statement
73. It is an accusation in writing charging a person for an offense, subscribed by the fiscal and filed before the court.
A. Affidavit C. Information
B. Complaint D. Statement
74. It is an agency of the government empowered by the constitution to determine the guilt of the accused.
A. Corrections C. Police
B. Court D. Prosecution
75. What do you call the order issues by the investigating prosecutor to compel the presence of the accused in a
particular time and date?
A. Certiorari C. Quo Warranto
B. Mandamus D. Subpoena
76. The following are the officers authorized by law to reverse the resolution of the investigating prosecutor except …
A. Chief, Public Attorneys’ Office C. State Prosecutor
B. City Fiscal D. Secretary of Justice
77. It is a general pardon extended to a group or classes of person and is exercised by the chief executive with the
concurrence of congress. It is usually given to political offenders. Its purpose is to bring about the return of dissidents
and recalcitrant members of our population to their homes and resumption of their lawful pursuit.
A. Amnesty C. Parole
B. Pardon D. Reprieve
78. It is a program of activity directed to restore an inmate’s self respect thereby making him a law-abiding citizen after
serving his sentence.
A. Reformation C. Retribution
B. Restitution D. Revival
79. It refers to anything, which is contrary or against the rules of a particular prison or jail facility like cash, jewelry,
dangerous drugs and deadly weapons.
A. Censored Article C. Prohibited Item
B. Contraband D. Taboo Stuff
80. Which of the following is formerly known as Inferior Court?
A. Court of Appeals C. Regional Trial Court
B. Municipal Trial Court D. Sandiganbayan
81. It is the Witness Protection, Security and Benefit Act of the Philippines
A. RA 6981 C. RA 8551
B. RA 7610 D. RA 9344
82. It refers to the grass root approach undertaken to bring the people and the police closer together in a more
cooperative condition.
A. Community Empowerment C. Proper Cooperation
B. People Power D. Team Policing
83. Who was the veteran American police captain from New York Police Department tasked with organizing a Division
of Investigation or DI patterned after the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation?
A. Alexander Forsyth C. Ordway Hilton
B. Michael Jones D. Thomas Dugan
84. It is the temporary stay in the execution of the sentence. The execution is set backward to enable the president to
review the case and determine proper punishment for the convict. It is exercised only by the president only after
conviction.
A. Amnesty C. Parole
B. Pardon D. Reprieve
85. What theory of the police service where the policemen are servants of the higher authorities which prevails among
the continental countries like Spain, Italy and France where the form of government is centralized?
A. Continental C. Home Rule
B. Federal D. Republican
86. This is the Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998.
A. RA 8353 C. RA 9262
B. RA 8551 D. RA 9344
87. The Barangay Court System was created to amicably settle cases within their respective barangay, punishable by
imprisonment not exceeding …
A. One year C. Three years
B. Two years D. Four years
88. Who heads the Lupon Tagapamayapa as prescribed in Republic Act 7160?
A. Barangay Chairman C. District Representative
B. City Mayor D. Provincial Governor
89. It is the law that provides for Barangay Court System.
A. Republic Act 4864 C. Republic Act 6975
B. Republic Act 5487 D. Republic Act 7160
90. It is an order in writing issued in the name of the People of the Philippines, signed by the judge, directing the
peace officer to take the custody of the person stated therein in order to answer for the commission of an offense.
A. Arrest Warrant C. Search Warrant
B. Commitment Order D. Subpoena
91. It is known as The Anti-Violence against Women and their Children Act of 2004.
A. Republic Act 8505 C. Republic Act 9262
B. Republic Act 9160 D. Republic Act 9344
92. This is The Rape Victim Assistance and Protection Act of 1998.
A. Republic Act 8353 C. Republic Act 9262
B. Republic Act 8505 D. Republic Act 9344
93. What is also known as the Community Oriented Policing System (COPS).
A. Community Empowerment C. People Power
B. Participative Law Enforcement D. Proper Cooperation
94. The following are the three (3) classifications of detainees except …
A. Awaiting Final Judgment C. Undergoing Investigation
B. Awaiting Final Release in the Prison D. Undergoing Trial
95. It refers to a person who is sentence to a prison term of over three (3) years or to pay a fine of more than one (1)
thousand pesos or both fine and imprisonment.
A. Insular Prisoner C. Provincial Prisoner
B. Municipal Prisoner D.Regional Prisoner
96. He advocated the classical school of thought in criminology:
A. Cesare Beccaria C. Cesar Lombroso
B. Edwin Sutherland D. Raffaelle Garofalo
97. He advocated the doctrine of freewill, which refers to the ability to know the difference between right from wrong:
A. Cesare Beccaria C. Jeremy Bentham
B. Cesare Lombroso D. Enrico Ferri
98. This assumes that all human actions are calculated in accordance with their likelihood of bringing happiness
(pleasure) or unhappiness (pain):
A. utilitarianism C. neo-classicism
B. militarism D. post-modernism
99. It is the study of facial features and their relation to human behavior:
A. craniology C. somatotype
B. physiognomy D. phrenology
100. It is the study of the human skull in relation to criminality:
A. osteology C. somatotype
B. physiognomy D. phrenology
101. According to Lombroso, this kind of criminals are not criminal from birth; they become criminals as a result of
some change in their brains which interferes with their ability to distinguish between right or wrong:
A .born criminals C. insane criminals
B. criminaloids D. irrational criminals
102. Garofalo traced the roots of criminal behavior not to physical features but to their psychological equivalents
which he called:
A. moral irregularities C. moral abnormalities
B. moral anomalies D. moral defects
103. Who founded the school of physiognomy?
A. Giambattista della Porta C. Franz Joseph Gall
B. Johann Kaspar Lavater D. Johann Kaspar Spurzheim
104. The somatotype school of criminology originated with the work of:
A. Ernst Kretschmer C. William Sheldon
B. Richard Dugdale D. Henry Goddard
105. A type of physique with relative predominance of muscles, bone and the motor organs of the body:
A. endomorphic C. ectomorphic
B. mesomorphic D. cerebrotonic
106.A type of physique with relatively great development of digestive viscera; round body, short tapering limbs, small
bones and smooth velvety skin:
A. endomorphic C. ectomorphic
B. mesomorphic D. cerebrotonic
107. A type of physique with relative predominance of skin and its appendages which includes the nervous system;
lean, fragile, delicate bones, droopy shoulders, small face, fine hair and relatively small body mass:
A. endomorphic C. ectomorphic
B. mesomorphic D. cerebrotonic
108. He developed constitutional psychology, the study of the relationships between physical attributes and
personality traits:
A. Ernst Kretschmer C. William Sheldon
B. Richard Dugdale D. Henry Goddard
109. A type of physique characterized by lean, slightly built, narrow shoulders:
A. athletic C. asthenic
B.pyknic D. aesthetic
110. A type of physique characterized by strong, muscular and coarse bones:
A. athletic C. asthenic
B. pyknic D. aesthetic
111. A type of physique characterized by massive neck, broad face, rounded figure and medium height:
A. athletic C. asthenic
B. pyknic D. aesthetic
112. He was born in Freiberg, Moravia, an Austrian Empire (now Příbor of Czech Republic) who collaborated with
Josef Breuer and stated that ‘[t]he doctrines of resistance and repression, the unconscious, the aetiological
significance of a person’s sex life and the importance of childhood experiences are the main building blocks,” of his
own technique of behavioral analysis.
A. Sigmund Freud C. J.C. Prichard
B. Isaac Ray D. Lucy Ozarin
113. He is the father of sociology and credited with the introduction of the concept of anomie:
A. Emile Durkheim C. Robert Merton
B.Gabriel Tarde D. Edwin Sutherland
114. Their works on social ecology as influenced by urban sociologists Robert Ezra Park and Ernest Burgess were
focused on social institutions such as the school and the family, and how their breakdown influences deviant and anti-
social behavior:
A. Matza and Sykes C. Akers and Burgess
B. Shaw and Mckay D. Reckless and Hirschi
115. This theory views crime-ridden neighborhoods as those in which residents are uninterested in community
matters, therefore, the common sources of control – family, school, church – are weak and disorganized:
A. social disorganization theory C. social learning theory
B. cultural deviance theory D. strain theory
116. This theory holds that crime is a function of the conflict between the goals people have and the means they can
use to legally obtain them. It argues that it is the inability to obtain these goals, usually materials goals, that triggers
the commission of crimes because members of the lower class are unable to achieve these goals which come easy
for members of the upper class:
A. social disorganization theory C. social learning theory
B. cultural deviance theory D. strain theory
117. The anger, frustration and resentment that members of the lower class feel are collectively referred to as:
A. conflict C. pressure
B. strain D. stress
118. This theory states that members of the lower class of society create an independent subculture with its own set
of rules, values and norms in order to cope with social isolation and economic deprivation:
A. social disorganization theory C. social learning theory
B. cultural deviance theory D. strain theory
119. The following are categorized under the social process theories, EXCEPT:
A. social learning theory C. social reaction theory
B. social control theory D. social response theory
120. This theory believes that crime is a product of learning the norms, values and behaviors associated with criminal
activity:
A. social learning theory C. social reaction theory
B. social control theory D. social response theory
121. This theory holds that people enter into law-violating careers when they are labeled for their acts and organize
their personalities around the labels:
A. social learning theory C. social reaction theory
B. social control theory D. social response theory
122. This is also called the labeling theory:
A. social learning theory C. social reaction theory
B. social control theory D. social response theory
123. This theory explains that both conforming behavior and deviant behavior have two reinforcing elements: an inner
control system and an outer control system:
A. culture conflict theory C. differential association theory
B. containment theory D. social disorganization theory
124. This theory by Edwin Sutherland states that criminal behavior is learned and the principal part of learning occurs
within an intimate personal group:
A. culture conflict theory C. differential association theory
B. containment theory D. theory of imitation
125. According to Maslow, this need explains that individuals desire respect as an honorable human being:
A. self-actualization C. esteem
B. cognitive D. aesthenic
126.This views that becoming criminal is a learning experience in which potential delinquents and criminals master
techniques that enable them to counterbalance conventional values and drift back and forth between illegitimate and
conventional behavior:
A. differential association theory C. neutralization theory
B. differential reinforcement theory D. social control theory
127. It is the study of the relationship between the environment and criminality:
A. criminal physical anthropology C. criminal demography
B. criminal epidiomology D. criminal ecology
128. It is the study of criminality in relation to the spatial distribution in a community:
A. criminal physical anthropology C. criminal demography
B. criminal epidiomology D. criminal ecology
129. It is the study of criminality in relation to physical constitution of men:
A. criminal physical anthropology C. criminal demography
B. criminal epidiomology D. criminal ecology
130. It is the study of human behavior in relation to criminality:
A. criminal physical anthropology C. criminal psychology
B. criminal psychiatry D. abnomal psychology
131. It is the study of the human mind in relation to criminality:
A. criminal physical anthropology C. criminal psychology
B. criminal psychiatry D. abnormal psychology
132. This views criminality as a dynamic process, influenced by a multitude of individual characteristics, traits and
social experiences:
A. Life course theory
B. Latent trait theory
C. Theory of delinquent development
D. Developmental theory/multiple factor theory
133. This was a special commission of ten noble Roman men who formulated the Law of the Twelve Tables:
A. Decemviri Consulari Imperio Legibus Scribundis
B. Habeas corpus ad testificadum
C. Roman Legionnaires
D. Foresfactura Plena
134. This doctrine explains why common law is not applicable in the Philippines:
A. Doctrine of parens patriae C. Doctrine of stare decisis
B. Nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege D. ignorantia lege excusat
135. These are crimes that are so serious in their effects on society as to call for almost unanimous condemnation of
its members:
A. mala inse C. mens rea
B. mala prohibita D. actus reus
136. These are violations of mere rules of convenience designed to secure a more orderly regulations of the affairs
of society and made criminal by special laws:
A. mala inse C. mens rea
B. mala prohibita D. actus
137. A school of thought in criminology which proposes that individuals commit crimes after weighing the
consequences of their actions:
A. neo-classical C. positivist
B. contemporary D. classical
138. A school of thought in criminology which posits that criminal behavior is determined by biological, psychological
and social factors:
A. neo-classical C. positivist
B. contemporary D. classical
139. This refers to the physical features of a human being at an earlier stage of development which allegedly
distinguish a born criminal from the general population:
A. ape-like characteristics C. physical stigma
B. atavistic stigmata D. genetic flaw
140. It is computed as: number of reported crimes over the total population multiplied by 100,000:
A. crime density C. crime rate
B. crime volume D. crime trend
141. These are crimes that are serious in nature and common in frequency:
A. index crimes C. prominent crimes
B. salient crimes D. non-index crimes
142. A British scholar and reformer, he graduated from Oxford University and developed a scientific approach to the
making and breaking of laws and founded the concept of “utilitarianism”:
A. Becarria C. Garofalo
B. Bentham D. Ferri
143. An insane person is exempted from criminal liability unless it can be proven that he acted:
A. during lucid interval C. under the influence of medication
B. with discernment D. due to burst of feeling
144. This principle, which was proposed by Becarria in his book, “On Crimes and Punishment,” means that rulers
have the absolute power over the governed; in return the ruler should protect the people from their natural state of
affairs:
A. social policy C. social contract
B. coherence D. agreement
145. Bentham explained in this formula that individuals are human calculators who put all the factors into an equation
before deciding whether a particular crime is worth committing or not:
A. human intelligence C. felicific calculus
B. human free will D. decision
146. This theory explains that people obey the law because behavior and passions are being controlled by internal
and external forces:
A. Social control theory C. Containment Theory
B. Social Bond Theory D. Labeling Theory
147. This refers to the lower class frustration, anger, and resentment as a result of their inability to obtain goals:

A. strain C. hindrance
B. anomie D. deviance
148. The following comprise the social process theories which generally view that criminality is a function of the
people’s interest with various organizations, institutions, and processes in the society, EXCEPT:
A. social learning theory C. differential reinforcement theory
B. differential association theory D. social disorganization theory
149. This was the theory introduced by Travis Hirschi:
A. Social bond theory C. social reaction theory
B. Social control theory D. labeling theory
150. In the book, “The Subculture of Violence” published in 1967, they presented an explanation on homicide and
other crimes of violence by drawing from Sutherland’s differential association theory. Their treatise ranges from
psychoanalytic theories of aggression, medical and biological studies, the frustration-aggression hypothesis,
containment theory, child-rearing practices, and social learning and conditioning propositions:
A. Shaw and Mckay C. Wolfgang and Ferracuti
B. Park and Burgess D. Durkheim and Merton