Government: Government is a system or groups that
governs and takes decisions.
Levels of Government: India is a representative
democracy where people are eligible ‘to vote, elect
representatives and participate in the decisions making
the process. The government works at different levels:
national, state and local level.
National Level: It refers to the area of the government which is concerned with national issues such
taxation, defence, international relations and trade.
state level
national level local level
level of govt
State Level: Each of the State Governments has its own police force, education system and road
laws.
Local Level: The local governments are known as Panchayats in rural areas and Municipal
Corporations, Municipalities and Nagar Panchayats in urban areas.
Laws and the Government: A rule of conduct established and enforced by the authority, legislation
or custom of a given community, state or nation is called law. It is both the responsibility of the
government and citizens to uphold the integrity of laws.
Types of Government: Governments can be classified into several types. Some of the most
common types of governments are a democracy, monarchy, etc.
Democracy: It is a form of government run by elected representatives who hold the decision making
power. The word ‘democracy’ originates from the Greek words ‘demos’ and ‘krotos’, meaning “rule of
the people.” It can be classified into direct and indirect
Democracy
monacracy
representative
democracy
democracy
types of govt
Monarchy: A monarchy refers to the rule by a king or
queen. Sometimes, a king is called an “emperor”. It is a
government with a hereditary head of the state. It can
be classified into two types, i.e., absolute and
constitutional monarchy.
Representative Democracy: The type of democracy
in which the citizens delegate authority to their elected
representatives.
Women’s Suffrage: A Movement started in the early
20th century vigorously for many years, demanding
equality with men and the right to vote.
Franchise: A privilege or right officially granted to a
person or a group by a government, especially the
constitutional or statutory right to vote.
Each country needs a government to make important
decisions and function well. The decisions may be
economic, educational or social.
The government also takes care of international
boundaries and relations with other countries. It is
responsible for the transport facilities and health
facilities for citizens.
The government works at different levels—like, local
level, state level, national level.
The government makes laws and every citizen is
supposed to follow them. Laws need to be enforced for
proper function of the government.
Citizens can also take the help of law if they are
dissatisfied with something.
There are some types of government, like the
democratic, monarch, etc. In a democracy (like India),
the people elect the government themselves by voting
in the election. In a monarchy, the king/queen has the
power to make decisions and no one from the citizens
can* object to them.
The basic idea of democracy is that people rule
themselves by taking part in the law-making.
Nowadays, democratic governments are better known
as ‘representative democracies’. People do not
participate directly. They choose their representatives
during elections and these representatives come
together for the decision-making process. All adults in
the country are eligible to vote according to the
universal adult franchise.
There are instances in history when governments did
not allow women, the poor people and the uneducated
to vote. But when India got independence, the
universal adult franchise was enforced.
Government: The system or machinery present in
each country in order to make decisions for the proper
running of the country is called government.
Laws: The rules laid down by the government for the
proper functioning of the country are called laws.
Democracy: A system of government in which the
people (citizens) of the country choose their leaders to
rule is called democracy. The elected government is
answerable to its people for its decisions.
Monarchy: A system of government which is run by a
king/queen on a hereditary basis and where people do
not get their say in decision-making is called a
monarchy. The king/queen is said to be the monarch.
Elections: The process in which citizens of a
democratic country cast their votes for the leaders of
their choice is called the election. The elected leaders
form a government later.
Representative Democracy: A form of democracy in
which people do not elect the government directly but
only choose their representative, who collectively form
a government is called representative democracy. Most
democracies are representative in nature.
Universal Adult Franchise: The rule that allows all
adults in the country, irrespective of caste, creed,
gender, literacy, occupation, etc., to vote and take part
in the elections, is the universal adult franchise.
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