COCKROACH *

IPeriplaneta americana }

Introduetion Morphology Segments in abdomen

May be bright yellowlred/
*34-53 mm long wings(beyond abdomen tip in male)
*body of cockroach head +
&respective organs
green coloured in tropical thorax(prothorax,mesothorax,metathora)+ abdomen IN FEMALE- 7th boat shaped
regions. * the exos keleton has hardened plates called sclerites (dorsal sterna, (7th,8th,9th sterna) forms
size- 1I4 inch to 3 inch brood/genital pouch which
(0.6-7.6cm) -tergite, ventra> sternite) that are joined by articular contains gonopore,spermathecal
*they have flat exte nsion of
memb. (Arthrodial membrane)
* triangular head lies anteriorty at right angle to body pore &collateral glands.
upper body wall that IN MALE- (9th,10th terga + 9th
axis(longitudinal). Head- 6 segments, thorax- 3 segments,
concoels head. abdomen-10 segments. sterna) forms genital pouch/
*they are serious pests & chamber contains dorsal
vectors of several diseases.
mobility in all direction due to flexible neck.
*head capsule bear compound eye. anus,ventral male genital
antennae(help in monitoring env.) arise from membranous [Link].
sockets lying in front of eye. In male anal style are present.
*mouth is of biting &chewing type. IN BOTH. 10th segment bears anal
*mouth parts labrum(upper lip) labium(lower lip) pair of cercifilamentous structure)
mandible & maxilla + hypopharynx(tongue)
the head is connected tothoraxby short extension of
prothorax known as neck/pronotum.
each thoracic segment bear a pair of walking legs. First pair
of
nsltegmina/forewings
nr hind
->mesothoracictopaque& dark
ncond pairrot
of wings
(hindwings)-> metathoracic(for flight/transparent)

ANATOMY OF COCKROACH

Digestive system Blood vascular system Respiratory

Open type,blood vessels (poorly system
"Alimentary canal developed) open into haemocoel. Blood Trachea that open
(foregut+midgut+hindgut) is haemolymph(plasma+haemocytes). through 10 pairs of small
*mouth(salivary gland)>tubular heart lies at mid dorsal line of thorax &
abdomen. It is differentiated into funnel holes called spiracles.
pharynx->oesophagus->crop(food Present on lateral side of
storing)>gizzardl shaped chambers with ostia on either
proventriculus( secrete gastric side. Blood is entered through ostia and body.
juice,outer lined by circular muscle & pumped anteriorly to sinuses again. Tracheoles(subdivisions)
carry oxygen from air to
inner 6 high chitinous plate called
teeth which grind food).>6,8 blind all parts. The opening of
tubules (hepatic ceaceae)100-150
spiracles is regulated by
the sphincters.
yellow coloured malphigian Exchange of gases takes
tubule(help in removal of excretory place by diffusion.
waste from haemolymph).>
hindgut(broader than midgut)>anus

Exeretion Nervous system

Performed by malphigian ries of fused segmentally arranged ganglia joined by paired longitudinal connective onthe
side.
the ventral
ve
tubules,each tubule is lined by situted e agntallbelly) side of f head is cut ofaoc lie for 1week Brain is
glandular and ciliated cells.
They convert N2 waste into uric
acid. The fat body ,nephrocytes
nrented bysupra-oesop
ep
SENface
body.
ckroacantennae
opoANssupra-oesophageal ganglion which supplies nerves to compound eyes
antennae,eyes, maxillarypalps,labial palps and cerci. Compound eyes are located on
dorsal surface. Each eye consist
& urecose glands also help in o omantidia (hexagonal) because owhich he can see several
images af an object. This vision is MOSAIC vision(more sensitivity, less Resolution) (nocturnal vision)
excretion.

Reproduetive system
Male reproductive Female reproductive
system system
One testis lying on each lateral side in 4th-6th abdomen. Ovaries lie laterally in 2th-6th abdomen. 1 ovary = 8 ovarian tubuleslovarioles
Vas deferens from each testis open into ejaculatory duct containing a chain of developing ova. Oviduct from each ovary unite to form
thr' seminal vesicle which furthers opens into male median oviductvagina which opens into genital chamber. Sperms are
gonopore situated ventral to anus. Mushroom gland is transferred thr spermatophores. Their fertilised eggs are encased in
present in blw 6th-7th abdomen which function as an capsules called oothecae(dark reddish to blackish brown capsule -3/8" (8mm)
accessory reproductive [Link] genitalia are long). They are dropped or glued at a surface near a food source. Female
represented by male gonapophysis or produces 9-10 ootheceae, containing 14-16 eggs each. Development is
phallomere (chitinous asymmetric struct. surrounding through nymphal stage which is known as paurametabolus. Nymph grows by
male gonopore). Sperms are glued in seminal vesicle & moulting 13 times to reach the adult form. Next to last stage have wing pods
formed into bundles called spermatophares, which are but only adult cockroach have wings
discharged during copulation.

There is no economic use of cockroach. They are pests because spoil food & contaminate it with their
smelly excreta, by this they can transmit a variety of bacterial diseases.