Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Institute of Engineering & Technology, Agra
BEC 701 Digital Communications
L-T-P-C
3-0-0-3
Course Outcomes: After the completion of the course the student will be able to:
1. Model a digital communication system and Identify source coding and channel coding schemes for Digital
communication link
2. Understand the wave form coding techniques and evaluate the performance of PCM, DPCM and DM in a
digital communication system
3. Comparison of various digital modulation techniques.
4. Design encoder and decoder schemes for error control.
Unit-1 (9 Hrs)
Elements of Digital communication and information theory: Model of a digital communication system
; logarithmic measure of information, entropy and information rate, conditional entropy and redundancy,
source coding fixed and variable length code words, Source coding theorem, prefix doing and craft
inequality, Shannon–fano and Huffman coding, maximum entropy of a continuous source (with Gaussian
distribution) entropy of a band limited white Gaussian noise, Mutual information and channel capacity of
a discrete memory less channel of a BSC, Hartley Shannon law.
Unit-2 (8 Hrs)
Waveform coding techniques: Discretization in time and amplitude, Linear quantizer, quantization noise
power calculation, signal to quantization noise ratio, non–uniform quantizer, A law & µ law companding;
encoding and pulse code modulation, bandwidth of PCM, Differential pulse code modulation, Delta
modulation, Idling noise and slope overload, Adaptive delta modulation, adaptive DPCM. Comparisonof
PCM and DM.
Digital multiplexing: Fundamentals of time division multiplexing, electronic commutator, bit, byte
interleaving E1 Carrier system, Synchronization and signaling of E1, TDM, PCM hierarchy.
Unit-3 (8 Hrs)
Digital Baseband transmission: Line coding and its properties. NRZ & RZ types, signaling format for
Unipolar, polar, bipolar, AMI & Manchester coding and their power spectra (No derivation), HDB and
B&W signaling, ISI, Nyquist criterion for zero ISI & raised cosine spectrum. Matched filter receiver,
derivation of its impulse response and peak pulse signal to noise, correlation detector decision threshold
and error probability for binary Unipolar (on – off), signaling.
Unit-4 (8 Hrs)
Digital modulation techniques: Types of digital modulation, wave forms for amplitude, frequency and
phase shift keying. Method of generation and detection of coherent & non–coherent binary ASK, FSK &
PSK, differential phase shift keying, Quadrature modulation techniques (QPSK and MSK) probability of
error and comparison of various digital modulation techniques.
Unit-5 (9 Hrs)
Error control coding: Error free communication over a noisy channel, Hamming sphere, hamming
distance and hamming bound, relation between minimum distance and error detecting and correcting
capability, linear block codes, encoding & syndrome decoding; cyclic codes, encoders and decoders for
systematic cycle codes; convolutional codes, code tree & Trellis diagram, Viterbi and sequential decoding,
burst error correction.
Text/References:
1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems. John Wiley
2. B.P. Lathi, Modern Analog & Digital Communication. Oxford Univ Press
3. B.Sklar, Digital Communications, 2nd Edition, Pearson Education, New Delhi, 2009.
4. P. chakrabarti, Analog Communication System. Dhanpat Rai
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Institute of Engineering & Technology, Agra
5. Taub & Schilling, Principles of Communication Systems. Tata McGraw-Hill
6. Kennedy, George & Davis, Bernard, Electronic communication systems. Tata McGraw Hill
7. Singh, R.P. & Sapre, S.D., Communication Systems: Analog & Digital. Tata McGraw Hill
8. A.B. Carlson, Communication Systems. Tata McGraw-Hill
9. Carlson, A. Bruce, Crilly, Paul B. & Rutledge, Janet C, Communication Systems an Introduction to
Signals & Noise in Electrical Communication. Tata McGraw-Hill
