1.

Function-Ability

Definition: Ability of a software to perform functions required by users.

Lahore Example:​
The Lahore Waste Management Company (LWMC) app allows users to report uncollected
garbage. Its function-ability ensures that users can upload pictures, select location, and get
tracking updates.

✅ 2. Avail-Ability
Definition: Ability of software to be available when required.

Lahore Example:​
The Punjab Safe Cities Authority (PSCA) runs a 24/7 surveillance system. Their backend
software must be highly available so that Lahore police can access live feeds and respond to
emergencies at any time.

✅ 3. Correctness
Definition: Software being error-free and accurate.

Lahore Example:​
The LESCO Bill Calculator on their website must compute electricity charges correctly based
on user input. Even a minor miscalculation can lead to billing disputes.

✅ 4. Portability
Definition: Ability to run the software on different platforms.

Lahore Example:​
A Lahore-based startup creates a school management system that works both on desktops
(Windows/macOS) and mobile phones (Android/iOS), enabling schools in areas like Model
Town and Gulberg to operate smoothly.

✅ 5. Usability
Definition: How user-friendly and accessible the software is.

Lahore Example:​
The e-Pay Punjab App, used for paying token tax and traffic fines, has a clean interface that
allows Lahore residents to complete payments within a few taps.

✅ 6. Robustness
Definition: Software's ability to handle errors and still function.

Lahore Example:​
The BRT Metro Bus Ticketing System continues functioning even during network disruptions by
syncing transactions once the network is restored. This ensures uninterrupted service for daily
commuters.

✅ 7. Readability
Definition: Quality of code documentation and clarity.

Lahore Example:​
Teams at Systems Limited Lahore follow proper coding standards and documentation, which
helps in onboarding new developers for long-term projects with international clients.

✅ 8. Test-Ability
Definition: Ease with which the software can be tested.

Lahore Example:​
A software house in Arfa Software Technology Park develops an online exam portal for UET
Lahore, structuring the code to allow automated testing for modules like question uploads,
student login, and result generation.

Would you like a table or visual format for these examples too? 😊
4o

You said:
give the examples for the basic terms also
ChatGPT said:

Sure! Here's a list of real-life examples from Lahore for the basic software quality terms
mentioned in your document:

🐞 1. Bug
Definition: An error found during development and accepted by developers.

Lahore Example:​
A developer at Techlogix Lahore finds that the “Apply Now” button on a university admission
portal doesn’t work on Safari browser. They note it as a bug during internal testing and fix it
before release.

❌ 2. Defect
Definition: A deviation from expected results found by testers.

Lahore Example:​
A tester at NETSOL Technologies (Lahore HQ) discovers that the finance module calculates
interest rates incorrectly in certain loan scenarios. This is reported as a defect, even though it
wasn't caught during development.

🧠 3. Error
Definition: A mistake made during coding (e.g., syntax, logic).

Lahore Example:​
A student at FAST NUCES Lahore writes code for a GPA calculator but accidentally uses =
instead of == in a condition, causing wrong calculations. This is an error in the code.

⚠️ 4. Fault
Definition: A wrong process or step that causes incorrect behavior.

Lahore Example:​
At a software firm in Gulberg, a faulty login module saves passwords in plain text. This is a
fault in the system’s design, posing a serious security risk.
💥 5. Failure
Definition: When a fault gets executed and causes the system to crash or misbehave.

Lahore Example:​
On the day of Lahore Board Matric Result, the website crashes due to unhandled server-side
load. The fault in load balancing logic led to a failure during peak traffic.

Software Quality Planning (SQP) – Proactive Process

📍 Lahore-Based Example:
Project: Development of a smart traffic violation tracking app for Punjab Safe Cities Authority
(PSCA), Lahore.

🔍 Implementation of SQP:
●​ Defining Quality Objectives:​

○​ The app must capture and notify traffic violations within 5 seconds.
○​ Ensure 99.9% image clarity and location accuracy.
○​ Achieve 95% user satisfaction on the mobile interface.
●​ Selecting Quality Standards:​

○​ Adopt ISO 25010 for software quality requirements and evaluation.

○​ Follow PSCA’s internal standards for public safety systems.
●​ Planning Quality Activities:​

○​ Automated testing using Selenium for UI responsiveness.

○​ Security audits due to sensitive data (vehicle numbers, CNIC).
○​ Code reviews every sprint (2-week cycle).
●​ Assigning Responsibilities:​

○​ QA team at Arfa Software Technology Park responsible for all test automation.
○​ Backend team from Techlogix Lahore manages database optimization.
 ●​ Documentation:​

○​ Quality Management Plan (QMP) drafted and approved by PSCA's IT wing and
vendor company.
○​ Includes a checklist for hardware-camera-software integration.

✅ Software Quality Control (SQC) – Reactive Process

📍 Lahore-Based Example:
Project: Maintenance and bug fixing of the LDA Online Property Management System.

🔍 Implementation of SQC:
●​ Verification and Validation (V&V):​

○​ Validate that ownership records and transaction receipts match the uploaded
documents.
○​ Verify backend database entries with user-submitted forms.
●​ Testing Types:​

○​ Unit Testing: Performed on the tax calculation module to ensure correct yearly
increments.
○​ Integration Testing: Between modules like property search and tax payment.
○​ System Testing: Full workflow tested (User → Upload Documents → Pay Tax →
Receive Certificate).
○​ User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Conducted with real users in LDA’s front desk
to evaluate usability.
●​ Inspections and Reviews:​

○​ Weekly walkthroughs with LDA IT department to review defect logs.

○​ Third-party code audit before production deployment.
●​ Metrics and Analysis:​

○​ Monthly report tracks:

■​ Number of bugs found.
■​ Average time to resolve.
■​ Number of failed user attempts due to UI issues.
●​ Feedback and Improvement:​

○​ Feedback collected from LDA helpline calls and online complaint forms is
analyzed and fed into the improvement cycle.
Software Quality Testing – Real-Life Examples from
Lahore

🧪 1. Functional Testing
Definition: Testing software features and functionality against requirements.

Example from Lahore:​

e-Pay Punjab App (used for traffic fine and token tax payments) undergoes functional testing
by the Punjab IT Board team in Arfa Software Technology Park to ensure:

●​ Login works correctly.

●​ Token tax payment goes through banks like HBL or EasyPaisa.
●​ User receives a confirmation SMS/email.

Functional Testing Breakdown:

●​ Basic Usability:​
The Lahore Traffic Police e-Challan App is tested for easy navigation for people
paying fines online.​

●​ Mainline Functions:​
The LDA online portal is tested to verify core functions like:​

○​ Applying for property approval.

○​ Downloading challans.
○​ Status checking of applications.
●​ Accessibility:​
Apps developed by PSCA (Punjab Safe Cities Authority) are tested on low-end
Android devices to ensure access in underdeveloped areas of Lahore.​

●​ Error Conditions:​
The online electricity bill checker on LESCO’s website is tested to show proper error
messages when an invalid reference number is entered.​

⚙️ 2. Structural Testing (White Box Testing)

Definition: Testing the internal code structure using knowledge of the source code.
Example from Lahore:​
NETSOL Technologies Lahore, while developing automotive finance platforms, performs:

●​ Statement Coverage: Ensuring each line in loan approval logic is executed during tests.
●​ Branch Coverage: Checking both conditions (approved/denied) in an EMI eligibility
checker.
●​ Path Coverage: Testing all logical paths from form submission to loan document
generation.

Types of Structural Testing:

●​ Control Flow Testing:​

Used in LUMS student portal to trace and test all logical flows (e.g., registration, fee
payment, grades).​

●​ Data Flow Testing:​

A fintech startup in Gulberg uses this to catch misused variables in financial report
generation.​

●​ Slice-Based Testing:​
A Lahore e-commerce app slices the cart module and tests it separately to detect bugs
in price calculation.​

●​ Mutation Testing:​
A team at Techlogix Lahore introduces minor changes (mutants) in the tax calculation
module to check if existing test cases catch them.​

🔧 3. Testing Tools
🖥️ Static Testing Tools (without executing code)
Used by Lahore software houses:

●​ Flow Analyzer: Used in Arfa Tower firms to review business logic.

●​ Coverage Analyzer: Ensures 90%+ code coverage in online fee collection apps for
schools.
●​ Interface Analyzer: Checks how well different components (e.g., payment module &
dashboard) interact.

🧪 Dynamic Testing Tools (live code execution)

Example from Lahore firms:

●​ Test Drivers: Used by UET students to test microservices for online examination
systems.
●​ Test Beds: Used by Systems Limited Lahore to simulate high traffic for government
portals.
●​ Emulators: Android emulators test Punjab Jobs Portal on various screen sizes and
devices.
●​ Mutation Analyzers: Used in startups in Johar Town to test if their test cases are
strong enough to detect injected code errors.