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MTH633 Assignment 1 Solutions

The document contains an assignment for MTH633, detailing solutions to four questions about group theory. It includes finding subgroups of Z36, examples of finite and infinite groups, proving that a group is abelian, and listing elements of a subgroup generated by a subset. The solutions demonstrate key concepts in group theory such as cyclic groups and the properties of abelian groups.

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Hashim Khan
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170 views3 pages

MTH633 Assignment 1 Solutions

The document contains an assignment for MTH633, detailing solutions to four questions about group theory. It includes finding subgroups of Z36, examples of finite and infinite groups, proving that a group is abelian, and listing elements of a subgroup generated by a subset. The solutions demonstrate key concepts in group theory such as cyclic groups and the properties of abelian groups.

Uploaded by

Hashim Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Spring 2024 MTH633: Assignment No.

1 Total Marks:
20

Section: Dr. Shahzad Faizi

Assignment submitted by Muhammad Shahzad Khan BC 240202309

Q No 1: Find the subgroups of all the group of Z36

Solution:

The subgroup of order 1=

The subgroup of order 2=

The subgroup of order 3=

The subgroup of order 4=

The subgroup of order 6=

The subgroup of order 9=

The subgroup of order 12=

The subgroup of order 18=

This is the subgroups of all the group of Z36

Q No 2: Give an example of a group with the following property or explain why no example
exist.

A finite group that is not cyclic. Give a separate example.

A cyclic group having only two generators. Give a separate example.


An infinite cyclic group having four generators. Give a separate example.

Solution:

A finite group that is not cyclic

The Klein four group denoted by Z2*Z2 is a finite group with order four.It is not cyclic because
no single element can generate all the elements in the group.

A cyclic group having only two generators

This is not possible. A cyclic group is generated by a single element that raises to its order to
reach the identity element. Since any element raised to its order will be the identity having two
distinct generators would contradict this principle.

An infinite cyclic group having four generators.

Similar to the previous case an infinite cyclic group has a single generator whose power creates
all elements in the group. It is impossible to have four distinct generators in an infinite cyclic
group.

Q No 3: Show that if (a*b)2=a2*b2 for a and b in group G, a*b=b*a

Solution:

To prove that G is an abelian group, we need


ab=ba

for any elements a,b in G.

By the given relation, we have

(a*b)2=a2*b2

The left hand side is

(ab)2 = (ab)(ab)

and thus the relation becomes

(ab)(ab)=a2b2
Equivalently, we can express it as

abab=aabb

Multiplying by a-1 on the left and b-1 on the right, we obtain

a-1 (abab) b-1 = a-1 (aabb) b-1


Since a-1 a=e, b b-1 =e, where e is the identity element of G, we have

ebae = eabe

Since e is the identity element, it yields that

ba=ab

and this implies that G is an abelian group.

Q No 4: List all the elements of the subgroup generated by the subset (8,10)

Solution:

A subgroup generated by a subset S of a group G is the smallest subgroup of G that contains


S.In other words it is the intersection of all subgroup of G that contains S. Since Z18 is cyclic, any
subgroup of Z18 generated by a single element. So to solve this problem we need to find the
smallest integer that is divisible by both 8 and 10.

The GCD of 8, 10 is 2 so the subgroup of is cyclic group of Z18 generated by 2.

Note that 2 = 2 (mode of 18)

So the elements of this subgroup are:

However this does not quite right since Z18 wraps around 18, 16=2 so the correct answer is

which has order 9.

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