A Technical seminar
on
UNIFIED POWER QUALITY
CONDITIONER(UPQC)
SUMITTED BY:
Naveen
CONTENTS
1) Introduction
2) Power Quality
3) Power quality problems
4) Voltage sags, swells
5) Long interruption, Harmonics distortion
6) Voltage fluctuation
7) Custom power devices
8) Distribution SATCOM
9) Dynamic voltage restorer
10) Unified power quality conditioner
11) Bock diagram
12) Single line diagram of the UPQC test system
13) Simulation & Result
14) Conclusion
INTRODUCTION
Unified power quality conditioners (UPQCs) allow the
mitigation of voltage and current disturbances that could affect
sensitive electrical loads while compensating the load reactive
power.
It aims at the integration of series-active and shunt-active
power filters.
The main purpose of a UPQC is to compensate for voltage
imbalance, reactive power, negative-sequence current and
harmonics.
Power Quality
Power quality means quality of thermal
voltage supplied to your facilities
Voltage provided should be as close as
possible nominal voltage and waveform
must be pure sine wave free form any
harmonics and other distributions.
Power quality problemn
Power quality problemn can be brodly
classified into following categories.
Voltage sag
Voltage swell
Long interruptions
Harmonics distortion
Voltage Fluctuations
A decrease of nominal
voltage level b/w 10-90% of
Voltage sags the nominal rms voltage at
the power frequency for
durations of 0.5 cycle to 1
min.
CAUSES:
faults on transmission &
distribution n/w.
Normal waveform Faults in consumer’s
installation.
Connection of heavy loads
and start up of large motors.
voltage sags
Momentary increase in
Voltage swells vtg,at the power freq.
Outside the normal
tolerances,with duration
of more than one cycle
and typically ,less than a
Normal waveform few seconds.
Causes:
Start/stop of heavy loads.
Poorly regulated transformers.
Poorly dimensioned power
sources.
Voltage swell
Total interruption of
Normal waveform
electrical supply for
Long interruption duration greater than 1 to
2 sec.
Causes:
Equipment failure in
Long interruption
power system n/w.
Human error.
bad coordination of failure
of protection devices.
The voltage or current
waveform not in sin
Harmonic distortions form,the wave form
corresponds to the sum of
different sine wave with
different magnitude and
phase , having freq. That
are multiple of power-
system frequency.
Normal waveform
Causes:
High efficiency lighting.
Machine working above
magnetic saturation.
Switched mode power
Harmonic distortion
supplies.
Very fast variation of the
voltage value for duration
Voltage fluctuation form a serval microsec. To
few micro sec.
Causes:
Lightning.
Switching of lines or power
factor correction capacitors.
Disconnection of heavy
loads.
Voltage fluctuation
Custom power devices
For improving the system performance for
distribution system, the concepts of
custom power was introduced to
distribution systems.
Types of custom power devices:
• Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
• Distribution Static synchronous
Compensators (DSTATCOM)
• Unified power quality conditioner(UPQC)
Distribution Statcom (DSTATCOM)
The purpose of the DSTATCOM is to cancel load
harmonics fed to the supply
Dynamic Voltage Restorer
(DVR)
Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)
The best protection for sensitive loads from
sources with inadequate quality, is shunt-
series connection i.e. unified power quality
conditioner (UPQC) .
UPQC improves the power quality by
preventing load current harmonics and by
correcting the input power factor.
Block diagram
Single Line Diagram of the
UPQC Test System
PI controller is used for controlling the
UPQC.
SIMULATION AND RESULTS
Unified power quality conditioner for
power quality improvement of Following
distribution networks is carried out:
Distribution network having adjustable
speed drive load i.e. field oriented
induction motor.
Distribution network having field oriented
control induction motor as load during
fault conditions.
Induction motor as an
Adjustable speed drive
Parameters of test system for field oriented control induction
motor load
S. No. System Quantities Standards
1 Source 3-phase, 13kV, 50Hz
2 Inverter parameters IGBT based, 3-arm, 6-Pulse, Carrier
Frequency=1080 Hz, Sample Time=5 μs
3 PI controller KP=0.5, Ki=1000 for series control
Kp=0.5, Ki=1000 for shunt control, Sample
time=50 μs
4 RL load Active power = 1kW, Inductive Reactive
Power=400 VAR
5 Motor load Voltage Vrms=11kV, Frequency 50 Hz
6 Transformer1 Y/Δ/Δ 13/115/115kV
Results when Field oriented control induction motor drive is used as load
• Current waveform without UPQC
Total harmonic distortion without UPQC for current
VOLTAGE WAVEFORM
TOTAL HARMONIC
WITHOUT UPQC DISTORTION WITHOUT
UPQC FOR CURRENT
Applications
Voltage sag and swell correction
Voltage balancing
Voltage regulation
Flicker attenuation
VAR compensation, active and reactive
power control.
Harmonic suppression, current
balancing.
Conclusion
In order to protect critical loads from
more voltage harmonics and current
harmonics in the distribution network
Due to its reliability it was adopted as the
optimal solution for the compensation of
voltage and current.
Effectiveness of multi-level UPQC can be
investigated.
THANK YOU
