REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROON REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON

Paix-Travail-Patrie Peace-Work-Fatherland
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MINISTERE DE L’ENSEINEMENT SUPERIEUR. MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION.
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COMISSION NATIONALE D’ORGANISATION DE L’EXAME NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE ORGANISATION OF
DU HND. THE HIGHER NATIONAL DIPLOMA (HND) EXAM.
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National Exam of Higher National Diploma-2025 Session.

Specialty/option: CET, UPL, BST, CAR, JOC, RCE, MEM, CHM, CHP, ELT, EPS, ACR, PSE,
CSN, HWM, BWM, PCH, TOP, AMS, APG, QOP, MET, MEC, ELN
Paper: Engineering Mathematics. Credit: 9/AMS (5)/APG (5).
Duration: 4 hours.

Instructions To Candidate:
Answer all question. You are reminded for the necessity of good English, orderly presentation and explicitly
show all necessary steps in your working. Only none-reprogrammable calculators will be admitted by
invigilators in the examination room.

SECTION A: (40MARKS).
1) Solve in ℝ the equations;
(i) 2𝑥 + 𝑥 = 11 (1 marks).
𝟖
(ii) (𝒙)𝒙 = 𝟖 (1 marks).
(iii) Simplify completely the surd expression;

√𝟐 + √𝟑 − √𝟒 + √𝟓 + √𝟏𝟕 − 𝟒√𝟏𝟓 (2 marks).

2) Discuss on the continuity of;

𝑥 2𝑛 −1
𝑓(𝑥) = Lim (𝑥 2𝑛 +1) (2 marks).
𝑛→∞

log𝑒 cos 𝑥
4 , 𝑥>0
+ 𝑥2 − 1
3) Let 𝑓(𝑥) = { √1 sin
𝑒 4𝑥 −1
, 𝑥<0
log (1+tan 2𝑥) 𝑒

Find the value of 𝑓(0) which makes the function continous at 𝑥 = 0. (2 marks).
4) State the intermediate value theorem (I.V.T) (2 marks).
𝑥3
(ii) prove that 𝑓(𝑥) = − sin 𝜋𝑥 + 3 can take a 7/3 for 𝑥 ∈ [−2; 2] (2 marks).
4

5) State the mean value theorem (M.V.T) (2 marks).

𝑓(𝑏)−𝑓(𝑎)
Find the value(s) of c that satisfies the equation = 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) in the conclusion of the
𝑏−𝑎

M.V.T given 𝑓(𝑥) = ln (𝑥 − 1) is contionous on the interval 2 ≤ x ≤ 4. (2marks).

6) State Taylor’s theorem (2marks).

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(ii) Find the the three terms in the taylor series expansion of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 6 . 𝑒 2𝑥
about 𝑥 = 0 (2marks).
𝒅𝒚 2
7) Find 𝒅𝒙 , given that cos(𝑥 2 + 2𝑦) + 𝑥𝑒 𝑦 = 1 (2marks).
𝒅𝒚 (𝟐𝒙−𝟑)𝟕 .(𝒙+𝟓)𝟒
8) Using the laws of logarithm or otherwise, find given that; 𝑦 = (𝟏−𝟑𝒙)𝟖
(3marks).
𝒅𝒙

9) Show that the integral In given by;

+∞ (2𝑛)! √𝜋
2
∫ 𝑥 2𝑛 . 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = ∀n ∈ ℕ
0 22𝑛 . (𝑛!)
+∞
2 √𝜋
{𝑇𝑎𝑘𝑒 I0 = ∫ 𝑒 −𝑥 . 𝑑𝑥 = } (5 marks).
0 2
10) State the comperison test for the convegence or divergence of a series. (2marks).
1) Test the convegence of the following series: (3marks).
√2 − 1 √3 − 1 √4 − 1
+ + +⋯
33 − 1 43 − 1 53 − 1

11) By using Newton-Raphson’s method find the root of 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 − 10 = 0 which is near to 𝑥 =

0 correct to 3 decimal places. (5marks).

SECTION B: (30 marks)

1) Let’s consider a spring mass system governed by a second order non-homogeneous

differential equation (1).
𝑚𝑦 ′′ + 𝛾𝑦 ′ + 𝑘𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑡); 𝑦(0) = 0; 𝑦 ′ (0) = 0 − − − − − − − (1)
Suppose that we apply a unit step force 𝑓(𝑡) = ℎ(𝑡) = 1 to the mass at equilibrium and
observe the system respond given by the equation (2);

1 1 1
𝑦(𝑡) = − 𝑒 −𝑡 cos 𝑡 − 𝑒 −𝑡 sin 𝑡 + − − − − − − − − − −(2)
2 2 2
(i) Find the Laplace transform of equation (1) and deduce the expression of Y(s). (5marks)
𝐘(𝐬)
(ii) Deduce the expression of the function 𝛟(𝐬) = 𝐅(𝐬) where, 𝐅(𝐬) and 𝐘(𝐬) are respectively
The Laplace transform of 𝐟(𝐭) & 𝐲(𝐭) (4marks)
(iii) Find the general solution of the system respond given by equation (2). (4marks)
(iv) By comparison of equation (2) and question 3, deduce the value of the physical
parameter 𝒎, 𝜸 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒌. (2 marks).

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2) Let 𝑓(𝑥) be a function such that, 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 − 𝝅 < 𝑥 < 𝝅.
(i) What is the period of that T of that function? (2marks).
(ii) Sketch the graph of f(x) in the interval −3𝜋 < 𝑥 < 3𝜋. (2marks).
(iii) Show that the Fourier series of the function f(x) 𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑙 − 𝜋 < 𝑥 < 𝜋 𝑖𝑠;
𝜋2 1 1
𝑓(𝑥) = − 4 [cos 𝑥 − 2 cos 2𝑥 + 2 cos 3𝑥 − ⋯ ] (12marks).
3 2 3
(iv) By giving an appropriate value of x, show that; (4marks).
𝝅𝟐 1 1 1
=1+ 2+ 2+ 2+⋯
𝟔 2 3 4

SECTION C: (30 marks).

2 1 1
1) Consider the matrix 𝐴 = (2 3 2)
3 3 4
(i) Write down the characteristic polynomial 𝑃(𝜆) (2marks).
(ii) Solve the equation P(λ) = 0 and deduce the eigen value of A. (5marks).
(iii) Using each value of λ obtained above determine the coresponding eigen vector. (4marks).
2) Let V = F the vector space of all functions 𝑓: ℝ ⟶ ℝ and K = ℝ . let S be the set of all
functions 𝑓 ∈ F that satisfies the differential equation;
𝑓 ′′ + 𝑓 = 0
Show that S is a subvector space of F. (7marks).
𝜃 𝑛𝜃
3) Prove that, (1 + cos 𝜃 + 𝑖 sin 𝜃)𝑛 + (1 + cos 𝜃 − 𝑖 sin 𝜃)𝑛 = 2𝑛+1 . cos 𝑛 ( 2) . cos
2
4) The real part of the complex number;

(1 + 2𝑖)8 . (1 − 2𝑖)2
{ } is equal to.
(3 + 2𝑖). ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
(4 − 6𝑖)

(5+5 marks).

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