VOCABULARY READING

(ROOTS, PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES)

Poots. Prefixes and Suffixes are essential parts of many English words.
Here's an overvie
along with examples for both:
Roots
The root of a word is its most elementary form, often derived from Latin or Greek, th
conveys the central meaning. Many English words are built by adding prefixes or suffixes
these roots.
Examples of Roots:
Aqua-water (aquarium)
"Bene" - good (benevolent) 20xile goibbA y notsnol no
"Chron" - time (chronicle)
Duct -lead (conduct)ot sd lo gp E i e i se bou
Eco-house (environment)
Flect - bend (reflect)
Grad-step (gratitude)oind lo pinooban
LosatbabbaosSSslcm
Hemo -blood (hemoglobin)
Inter- between (international)gob
Ject-throw (reject)
Kine - movement (kinetic)
Leg-law (legal)AeA
Man- hand (manual)nAAoGA aubA
vber
Neg not (neglect)
Ocu - eye (ocular)
Phobia - fear (xenophobia
Quasi-as if (quasi Passive voice)ll
Reg - rule (regulate) obanAe
Struct - build (construct)
 Tele - far (television)
Uni - one (unicorn)
Vid- see (video)
Wit - know (witty)
Xeno - strange (xenophobia)
DNIOA3R YRAIUADO
Yolk - yellow (Yolk)
(eologyARUZ CWA 8EXHE742TO0s
Zoo-animal the part of any word that reveals its essential meaning. Many groune!
Thusa root is from a common rons
English words are related in meaning simply because they developed
more easily remembe
When yourecognise that a group of words share a similar root, you will
the entire group.
Let us take a word fron common root: chron odol olmszo
Chronological: in order of time
Synchronize: to put on the same time table
Anachronism: something that is chronologically out of place
Chronic: continuing over a long time
Chronical: chronological record of events 300 o o l q s
Chronometer: device to measure time

Word Formation by Adding Prefixes (nslovsroc) boog-anol

The next etymological aid is the prefixes. Aprefix is a letter or group of letters placed
a root or word to alter its meaning. The chapter lists of the before
most common prefixes in English.
For example:
Conscious ’Unconscious lon bsd - oal
When the addition is made to the beginning of the
example, un is a prefix added to conscious. basic word, it is called a prefix. Fo
Word formation by Adding Prefixes in
alphabeticform: (icobyooc) boold - omslH
A (snoteta) ooowiod -oinl
Prefix
A
Meaning Examples
lacking in, to be without
Ab, Abs Apathy,Amoral, Asexual, Asymmetry,
Abduct, Abhor, Abjure, Abnormal,Abort,Apolitical,Atheist
off, away, from
Ad Absolve Absent, Abuse,
to, toward, near, at
Adjacent, Admire, Addict, Address, Adhere,
Ambi
both, on both sides Administer Advice,
Ante around Ambiguous, Ambivalentodcons T631-IC
before, infront of
Anti
against, opposed to Antebellum, Antecede, Antedate,
Antiaircraft, Antidote, Antechamberu
Antisocial Antipathy, Antiseptic,
Anticlimax
Wocabuiaty

without
An
chief, highest, first worst
Anonymous, Anemic, Anesthesia
Arch
self
Archbishop,Archenemy, Archival, Archetype
Auto
Autobiography, Autosuggestion

Prefix Meaning Examples

Bi twice, Double Biannual, Bicycle, Bigamy, Bilateral, Bilingua
Binoculars, Biweekly, Bifocal
Be by, off, completely around Behead, Beside, Bewitch, Beguide, Besmear, Bemoa
Befriend, Benighted, Beloved

Prefix Meaning E Examples

Circum around, on all sides
olsnitgoil eopoll Circumspect, Circumambulant, Circumlocutior
Circumference, Circumscribe, Circumstance
Co with, together Cooperation, Coexist, Co-produce, Collaborate, Co
edit, Correspondence
Com with, together, thoroughly Complete, Combine, Comingle, Commit, Compatible
Compassion
Contra against, opposite Contraband, Contraceptive,Contradict
Counter in opposition to Counter-clockwise, Counter-part, Counter-productive
Counter-atack

Prefix Meaning Examples

De
withdraw, take away. reverse, Depollute, Deform, Decode, Debar, Decline, Degrade,
remove Deforestation, Debase, Defrost, Decompose, Devalue,
Detract, Depreciate
Dis opposite of, not Disallow, Dislike, Disconnect, Dispappear, Dishonest,
onioson xnooeMoucDistrust, Displease, Disobey, Disarm, Dispel, Discord,
idelDisparity
Di be away, from, apartuieo Diffuse, Discontinue, Disarm, Disconnect
Dia across Diameter, Dialogue

Prefix Meaning Examples

en
em
cause to be, in Endanger, Enshrine, Embed, Endear,
Embitter, Empower, Enlist, Enlarge
Ex out, out of form Exclude, Exhale, Expedite. Exhume, Excavated, Ex
husband, Ex-mayor
Extra outside of, beyond more than Extracurricular, Extraordinary, Extramarital
 Examples
Forenoon
Prefix Meaning Forecast, Foredoom, Foretell, Foresee,
before
Fore

Examples
Prefix Meaning Hypersensitive, Hypertension, Hyperbolic
Over, excessive Hypodermic, Hypothesis, Hypotenuse
Hyper
under, less than, beneath
Hypo

Prefix Meaning Examples

not, opposite of
Impossible, Immortal, Immodesty, Immature, Impure
Im
Illogical
legal, llegible, llogical, Illegitimate
Irregular, Irreversible, Irreligious, Irrational
In Indecent, Inefficient, Indifferent, Inactive, Inarticulate.
nidnoJ Insatiable ou
Inte among, with each other Interfere, Interbede, Interlude, Intercept, International
Intra inside,within Intramural, Intravenous
oo-19
M

Prefix
Meaning Examples
Mal ill, wrong9
Meta
Malconternt, Malignant
beyond
Mis Metaphysical, Metamorphosis
WrongteC easdoGi0oitsi Misguide, Mislead, Misogamist, Misplaced,
Mini
Mistake Misjudged,
little Miniskirt, Mini bus
Mono oone
Monologue, Monotony, Monogamy, Monoacting.
Multi
Monosylabic
manys sutosal Multinational,
Multipurpose, Multicoloured,
Multidimensional
N
Prefix
Non Meaning
not
Examples
Prefix
Nonconformist, Nonentity, Nonsense
Ob Meaning
to, against, Examples
completelyObject, Obtrude, Oblique, Obnoxious,
 Ihcabulary Reading (Ro0ts, Prefixes and Suffixes)

Obtuse beyond
On
Metaphysical, Metamorphosis
beyond, faster, doing better
Onset, Onslaught
Out
Outdo, Outgrow, Outshine, Outwit,
Outreach, Outbid
Prefix Meaning
Per, through, throughout, around Examples
Peri
Perfect, Perpetual., Peredition, Perimeter,
after, behind
Peripheral
Post
before in time or order
Postpone, Posterior, Posterity, Postscript, Posthumous
Pre
Precursor, Precaution, Preface, Premeditate,
Pro forward, forth
Prerequisite, Presage, Presume
Pseudo false
Proceed, Profess, Pronoun, Propaganda
Pseudo classicism, Pseudonym,
Pseudo-secularism
R

Prefix Meaning
Re back, again Recall, Regain, Recover, Recoup, Refresh,
Remarry, Rebuild, Redirect Rewrite,
Retro backward
Retrospect, Retrograde

Prefix Meaning
Se
Examples
aside, apart, away Secede, Secure, Sedition, Seduce
Semi half, Partly 5n0
ontbaudAeauuo eoiorn2 jsnoh Semidarkness,
spherical,
Semi-final, Semi-circular,
Semi-colon, Semi cold Semi
Sub under, below, beneath Subconscious, Submarine, Subculture, Submit,
Super Subscript, Subliminal, Subside, Subsidiary, Subplot
above, over, beyond Superficial, Supernatural,Superannuated, Supercilious,
Syn Superfluous,Superlative, Supersede
together Synchronize, Syncopate,Syndrome,Syntax, Syndicate,
Synthesis

noohslM .obelu nobend

Prefix Meaning Examples
Tele far
Tri Television,Telepathy, Telephone
three Tricycle, Triangle, Tricolour, Trisyllable
Trans across, from one place to
another Translantic, Transplant, Transaction, Transfer,
Transport, Transpose, Transcribe, Transcend

1910loolno3 1obio 9n0uedo

icios
 Democracy, Aristocracy
Ocracy
Dangerous, Glorious, Courteous
OUs

ster Ganster, Spinster, Gangster

ship Friendship, Courtship
Some Gaysome, Handsome, Quarrelsome, Wholesome
rsiviO.0eibnl

th Growth, Health
tude Magnitude, Solitude

ure Furniture, Creature

necioolon W asOeirnsin

worthy Praiseworthy, Readworthy

wise Healthwise, Likewise, Otherwise, Namewise
ward Homeward, Upward(s), Schoolward(s), Wayward(s), Northward(s)
wards
ways Straightways, Always

eBalrttio aaslou
Hany, Aiy, Needy, Worthy
Add Suffix to Form Words
Add Prefix to Form Words
Apply Pay Natural Vision
Embody Predict
Depart Publish Happy Suggestion
Fail Modern Guile
Receive
Excel Value Half
Refine
Expect outnio Statement
Refresh
Pure
Courage
Expand Submit Title
Complete Sustain Proper Able
Combine Logical Base
Assign
Seduce Rational
Vary Dense
Behave Tend Connect Honest Mean
Womb Connect