Question Design of a 1030KVA ,50 Hz ,6600/400V ,single phase , shell type ,oil immersed ,natural cooled power
transformer the mean teamperature will not exceed 35°C
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit
1 KVA rating Q 1030 KVA
2 High Voltage rating Vh 6.6 kV
3 Low Voltage rating Vl 400 V
4 core type ….... Shell ….......
5 Frequency f 50 Hz
6 Number of phases ph 1 …..
7 cooling type …... oil …....
8 Temperature T 35 °C
Core design
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 Voltage per turn Et 32.09361307 V Et =k√Q
2 Constant K 1 __ NA
3 Maximum Flux Øm 0.144565825 Wb Ø=(Et)/(4.44f)
4 Maximum flux density Bm 1.25 Wb/m^2 Assumption
5 Iron Area Ai 115652.6597 mm^2 Øm/Bm
6 Iron stacking factor K_s 0.9 ….. Assumption
7 Gross iron area Agi 128502.9552 mm^2 Ai/K_s
8 Depth of frame b 566.7957199 mm (b)/(2a)=2.5
9 Width of side limb a 113.359144 mm 2.5*(2a)^2=Agi
Window dimensions
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 Window space factor Kw 0.327868852 ….. 12/(30+kV)
2 current density δ 2.3 A/mm^2 Assumption
3 Window area Aw 85117.84336 mm^2 Q=2.22*f*Bm*Kw*δ*Ai*AW
4 Height of window Hw 413.762 mm 2*W w
5 width of window Ww 206.2981379 mm 2W w2=Aw
Yoke design
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 flux density Bm 1.25 Wb/m^2 Assumption
2 Height of yoke a 113.359144 mm 2.5*(2a)^2=Agi
3 Height of frame H 640.480288 mm H=Hw+2*a
4 Width of frame W 866.0328516 mm W=4*a+2*W w
5 Depth of frame D 566.7957199 mm D=b
Windings
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 LV Turns Ts 13 ….. Ts=Vl/Et
2 HV Turns Tp 215 ….. Tp=Ts*Vh/Vl
3 Insulation between LV and core I 10 mm Assumption
4 spacers between HV and LV Shl 20 mm Assumption
5 spacers between LV coils Sl 4 mm Assumption
6 spacers between HV coils Sh 15 mm Assumption
7 Height of insulation Hi 49 mm I+Shl+Sl+Sh
8 Height for conductor HC 364.762 mm Hw-Hi
9 Total number of HV and LV coils Thl 8 …... 4 for LV and 4 for HV
10 Height of each coil H 45.59525 mm HC/Thl
HV winding
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 HV winding current Ip 156.0606061 A Ip=Q/Vh
2 Area of HV winding conductor ap 67.85243742 mm^2 ap=Ip/δ
3 Parallel strips P 2 ….. Assumption
4 Area of HV conductor per strip Aps 33.92621871 mm^2 ap/p
5 Area of HV conductor used a 33.9 mm^2 From chart
6 Width of HV winding Hw 18 mm From chart
7 Thickness of HV winding Ht 1.8 mm From chart
8 space taken by HV conductor Sh 36 mm sh=2*18
9 Balance height Hb 9.59525 mm H-Sh
10 space taken by HV bare conductors Sb 1854 mm Q*1.8
11 space taken by insulation between HV and core Shc 30 mm 2*Sh
12 space for winding along width of window Sw 196.718288 mm 2*a-Shc
LV winding
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 LV winding current Is 2575 A Is=Q*1000/Vl
2 Area of LV winding conductor as 1119.565217 mm^2 as=Is/δ
3 Number of strips in parallel Sp 16 …. Assumption
4 Area of each strips AEs 69.97282609 mm^2 as/Sp
5 selected area of each strip SA 69.5 mm^2 NA
6 Width of LV winding Lw 22 mm From chart
7 Thickness of LV winding Lt 3 mm From chart
8 Area of LV conductor used TSA 1112 mm^2 SA*Sp
9 space taken by LV bare conductors height wise B 44 mm 2*Lw
10 Balance space taken by the insulation Bs 1.59525 mm H-B
11 space occupied by bare conductors width wise Bw 54 mm NA
12 width of lv coil Wlv 100 mm Assumption
13 balance space taken by the insulation Bs 126.718288 mm 2*a-Wlv
Resistance
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 approximate mean turn length Lmp=Lms 1.58 m assumption
2 Resistance of hv winding rp 0.210433628 Ohm (0.021*Tp*1.58)/a
3 Resistance of Lv winding rs 0.000387896 ohm (0.021*Ts*1.58)/as
4 Resistance of lv winding referred to hv side rs' 0.106097503 ohm rs*(Tp/Ts)^2
5 Total resistance of transformer referred to primary siderp' 0.316531131 ohm rs'+rp
6 PU resistance rpu 0.007484552 ohm (Ip*rp')/(Vh*10^3)
Leakage reactance
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
(3.14fµ0Tp^2*(0.0235+(0.04
1 Leakage reactance of transformer referred to primaryXp
side 2.676374699 ohm
0+0.042)/6))/0.2)
2 PU reactance Xppu 0.063284342 Ohm (Ip*Xp)/6600
Performance parameter
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 Regulation E 4.395824646 % rpu*0.8+Xppu*0.6
2 I^2R loss in hv winding Lhv 5125.09266 W Ip^2*rp
3 I^2R loss in lv winding Llv 2571.990816 W Is^2*rs
4 Total I^2R loss L 7697.083476 W Lhv+Llv
Core loss
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 Volume of iron Vi 0.07588 m^2 NA
2 Weight of iron Wi 576.688 kg Vi*7.6*10^3
3 Specific iron loss Ls 1.8 W Assumption
4 Total core loss C 1038.0384 W Wi*Ls
Efficiency
Sl no. Parameter Symbol Value unit Equation
1 Total losses Tl 8735.121876 W L+C
2 Efficiency at full load n 99.15906166 % Q*100/(Q+Tl)
3 PU load for maximum efficiency max 0.367234616 __ √(C/L)
4 Load for maximum efficiency Load 378.2516544 KVA max*Q
