SET-2

Series PP4QQ/4 - 

Q.P. Code 57/4/2
 .  -   - 
Roll No. -    
Candidates must write the Q.P. Code
on the title page of the answer-book.

 NOTE
(I)       -   (I) Please check that this question
 23   paper contains 23 printed pages.
(II)        -  33  (II) Please check that this question
  paper contains 33 questions.
(III) -        - (III) Q.P. Code given on the right hand
    -  - side of the question paper should
be written on the title page of the
   
answer-book by the candidate.
(IV)        (IV) Please write down the serial
, -      number of the question in the
answer-book before attempting
   it.
(V)  -     15   (V) 15 minute time has been allotted
     -    to read this question paper. The
question paper will be distributed
 10.15     10.15  
at 10.15 a.m. From 10.15 a.m. to
10.30     -  10.30 a.m., the candidates will
       - read the question paper only and
      will not write any answer on the
answer-book during this period.

  ()

BIOLOGY (Theory)

{ZYm©[aV g‘¶ : 3 KÊQ>o A{YH$V‘ A§H$ : 70

Time allowed : 3 hours Maximum Marks : 70

57/4/2/21 1 P.T.O.
228 B
  

         :

(i)    33        

(ii)       –  , , ,    
(iii)   –   1  16          1    
(iv)   –   17  21            2  
 
(v)   –   22  28           3    
(vi)   –   29  30        4      
            
(vii)   –   31  33  -        5    
(viii)          ,  ,       
                    
(ix)           
(x)    , -          

57/4/2/21 2
General Instructions :
Read the following instructions carefully and follow them :

(i) This question paper contains 33 questions. All questions are compulsory.

(ii) Question paper is divided into FIVE sections – Section A, B, C, D

and E.

(iii) Section A – question number 1 to 16 are multiple choice type questions.

Each question carries 1 mark.

(iv) Section B – question number 17 to 21 are very short answer type

questions. Each question carries 2 marks.

(v) Section C – question number 22 to 28 are short answer type questions.

Each question carries 3 marks.

(vi) Section D – question number 29 and 30 are case-based questions. Each

question carries 4 marks. Each question has subparts with internal
choice in one of the subparts.

(vii) Section E – question number 31 to 33 are long answer type questions.

Each question carries 5 marks.

(viii) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided
in section B, C and D of question paper. A candidate has to write answer
for only one of the alternatives in such questions.

(ix) Kindly note that there is a separate question paper for Visually Impaired
candidates.

(x) Wherever necessary, neat and properly labelled diagrams should be

drawn.

57/4/2/21 3 P.T.O.
  –  16 1 = 16

   1  16     1     

1.         n, 2n  3n    
     1
(A)  ,   
(B) ,   
(C) ,   
(D)  ,    

2.          1

(A)   ( ) (B)   ()
(C)  () (D)  

3.   (

 )     ‘P’, ‘Q’  ‘R’        
      ? 1

(A) P –  , Q – r, R– 

(B) P –  , Q – m , R – 
(C) P –  , Q – m, R –  
(D) P – 
 , Q – m, R –  
57/4/2/21 4
 SECTION – A 16 1 = 16

Question Nos. 1 to 16 are Multiple Choice type Questions, carrying 1 mark

each.
1. In a fertilized ovule of an angiosperm, the cells in which n, 2n and 3n
conditions respectively occur are : 1
(A) antipodal, zygote and endosperm
(B) zygote, nucellus and endosperm
(C) endosperm, nucellus and zygote
(D) antipodals, synergids and integuments

2. Turner’s syndrome in humans occurs due to 1

(A) Aneuploidy (B) Euploidy
(C) Polyploidy (D) Autosomal abnormality

3. Which of the options has correct identification of ‘P’, ‘Q’ and ‘R’ in the
illustration of ‘Central Dogma’ given below ? 1

(A) P – Replication, Q – rRNA, R – Transcription

(B) P – Translation, Q – mRNA, R – Transcription
(C) P – Replication, Q – mRNA, R – Translation
(D) P – Transcription, Q – mRNA, R – Translation

57/4/2/21 5 P.T.O.
4.           -     1

     ‘A’, ‘B’  ‘C’       
(A) A – , B – , C – 

(B) A – , B – , C– 

(C) A – , B– , C– 
(D) A – , B – , C – 

5.             ()     ,  ()
       : 1

(A) –B, –D, –F

(B) –A, –B, –G
(C) –A, –E, –G
(D) –B, –D, –G
57/4/2/21 6
4. Study the following diagram of Transverse Section of a young anther of an
angiosperm : 1

Select the option where parts ‘A’, ‘B’ and ‘C’ are correctly identified.
(A) A – Connective, B – Endothecium, C – Pollen grain.
(B) A – Endothecium, B – Connective, C – Pollen grain.
(C) A – Pollen grain, B – Connective, C – Endothecium.
(D) A – Endothecium, B – Pollen grain, C – Connective.

5. Select the option that gives the correct identification of ovum, morula and
blastocyst in a human female reproduction system as shown in the following
diagram : 1

(A) Ovum – B, Morula – D, Blastocyst – F

(B) Ovum – A, Morula – B, Blastocyst – G
(C) Ovum – A, Morula – E, Blastocyst – G
(D) Ovum – B, Morula – D, Blastocyst – G

57/4/2/21 7 P.T.O.
6.         1
 /    
A.  () I.        
B.  II.   
C.   () III.   
D. - IV.     
       /        
    
(A) A – III, B – II, C – I, D – IV (B) A – II, B – III, C – I, D – IV
(C) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II (D) A – IV, B – III, C – II, D – I

7.                   1

(A) X –   (B) X –  

(C)   (D)  

8. ‘’ (ELISA)       – 1

(A)   (B) - 
(C) -  (D) - 

9.      1

(A)   (B)  
(C)     (D)  

10. ‘ ’       ? 1

(A)  ()  (B) 
(C)   (D)  

11.     ()        ? 1

(A) 21   (  ) (B) 16   (  )
(C) ‘X’-  (  ) (D) ‘Y’-  (  )

57/4/2/21 8
6. Study the table given below : 1
Contraceptive / Mode of Action
Contraceptive Method
A. The pill I. Prevent sperm reaching cervix
B. Condom II. Prevent implantation
C. Vasectomy III. Inhibits ovulation
D. Copper-T IV. Semen contains no sperm
Select the option where contraceptive/contraceptive method are correctly
matched with their mode of action.
(A) A – III, B – II, C – I, D – IV (B) A – II, B – III, C – I, D – IV
(C) A – III, B – I, C – IV, D – II (D) A – IV, B – III, C – II, D – I

7. Identify the category of genetic disorder depicted in the pedigree chart given
below : 1

(A) X-Linked recessive (B) X-Linked dominant

(C) Autosomal recessive (D) Autosomal dominant

8. ELISA technique is based on the principle of 1

(A) DNA replication
(B) antigen-antibody interaction
(C) pathogen – antigen interaction
(D) antigen – protein interaction

9. Homologous organs indicate 1

(A) Convergent evolution
(B) Divergent evolution
(C) Adaptive radiation
(D) Natural selection

10. The ‘molecular scissors’ fall in the category of : 1

(A) Cleaving enzyme (B) Endonuclease
(C) Exonuclease (D) Restriction enzymes

11. Which of the chromosome in a human possesses the least number of genes ? 1
(A) 21st chromosome (B) 16 th chromosome
(C) X-chromosome (D) Y-chromosome
57/4/2/21 9 P.T.O.
12.  -‘A’           ,   -‘B’   
      
-A  -B
-   
A. - (i) 
B.  (ii)   
C.   (iii)   
D.  (iv)  
                 
(A) A – (i), B – (ii), C – (iii), D – (iv)
(B) A – (iii), B – (ii), C – (iv), D – (i)
(C) A – (iv), B – (iii), C – (iv), D – (i)
(D) A – (ii), B – (iv), C – (i), D – (iii) 1

  13  16        –     (A)   
 (R)                (A), (B), (C)  (D)
    :
(A)  (A)   (R)      (R),  (A)   
  
(B)  (A)    (R)    ,   (R),  (A)   
   
(C)  (A)  ,   (R)   
(D)  (A)  ,   (R)   

13.  (A) :             1
 (R) :           

14.  (A) :      ()   ( )     1
 (R) :  ()             

15.  (A) :      ‘ ’         1
 (R) :                

16.  (A) :   -           1
 (R) :             
57/4/2/21 10
12. Given below is a list of some commercially important products in column A,
whereas in column B are names of source organisms :
Column – A Column – B
Bioactive Products Source Organisms
A. Cyclosporin – A (i) Streptococcus
B. Statins (ii) Trichoderma polysporum
C. Streptokinase (iii) Penicillium notatum
D. Penicillin (iv) Monascus purpureus
Select the option where the product and their source organisms are correctly
matched.
(A) A – (i), B – (ii), C – (iii), D – (iv)
(B) A – (iii), B – (ii), C – (iv), D – (i)
(C) A – (iv), B – (iii), C – (iv), D – (i)
(D) A – (ii), B – (iv), C – (i), D – (iii) 1

Question Nos. 13 to 16 consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and

Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the appropriate option given
below :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

13. Assertion (A) : Plasmids are autonomously replicating circular extra-

chromosomal DNA. 1
Reason (R) : Plasmids are usually present in Eukaryotic cells.

14. Assertion (A) : Patents are granted by government to an inventor. 1

Reason (R) : Patents prevents others from commercial use of an invention.

15. Assertion (A) : A given fig species can be pollinated only by its partner’
wasp. 1
Reason (R) : The wasp pollinates the fig inflorescence while searching for
suitable egg laying sites.

16. Assertion (A) : Some aquatic ecosystems have inverted biomass pyramids. 1
Reason (R) : More energy is required by the organisms occupying higher
trophic levels.
57/4/2/21 11 P.T.O.
  – 
17.        ?          
   ? 2

18.             -     ?
          2

19.          ‘X’   ‘Y’       
            :

 ‘X’   ‘Y’         ?     2

20. (a) - -      2%    ,      
             
(b)     -     2

21. (a)             2

(b)          ( )     2

 – 
22.          ()  ,   --    
    --          F1  
               3

23.     /          
             3
57/4/2/21 12
 SECTION – B
17. What is artificial insemination in ART ? Under what conditions is the person
medically advised to go for it ? 2

18. Why does a patient of ADA – deficiency require repeated infusions of

genetically engineered lymphocytes ? Suggest a possible permanent remedy. 2

19. Study the graph given below that represents the changes in the thickening of
the uterine wall in women ‘X’ and women ‘Y’ over a period of one month :

What does the graph with respect to woman ‘X’ and woman ‘Y’ indicate ? Give
suitable reason. 2

20. (a) Biodiversity hotspots cover less than 2% of Earth’s land area. Strict
protection of these areas can reduce the rate of ongoing extinctions.
Explain.
(b) Name any two hotspots in India. 2

21. (a) Differentiate between grazing food chain and detritus food chain. 2
OR
(b) Explain Brood parasitism with the help of a suitable example. 2

SECTION – C
22. With reference to flower colour two independent crosses were made, one
between true breeding garden pea plants and another between true breeding
Antirrhinum plants. Write the phenotypes of their F1-progeny. Justify your
answer giving reason. 3

23. Draw a well labelled diagram of sectional view of male

gametophyte/microspore of an angiosperm and write the functions of any two
parts labelled. (Any four labels). 3

57/4/2/21 13 P.T.O.
24. (a) (i)                

(ii)          ?

(iii)                ? 3 1=3

(b)                
               3

25.          

(a)     
(b)    
(c)     3

26.

             
(a)  ‘A’   ‘B’     1
(b) I (EcoRI)    “ ”    1
(c) I                 
      1

57/4/2/21 14
24. (a) (i) Name the group of drugs whose skeletal molecule is shown below :

(ii) How are such drugs consumed ?

(iii) Name the human body organ affected by the consumption of these
drugs. 3 1=3
OR
(b) Draw a schematic diagram of an antibody molecule and label
any 4 parts. Mention their chemical nature. Name the cells which
produce them. 3

25. Explain the role of transgenic animals in :

(a) Production of Biological products
(b) Studying diseases
(c) Chemical safety testing 3

26.

The schematic representation as above is showing the linking of two DNA

fragments.
(a) Name ‘A’ and ‘B’ fragments. 1
(b) Write the ‘palindrom’ recognised by EcoRI. 1
(c) Where does EcoRI cut the palindrome ? Write the events followed
thereafter to form a recombinant DNA. 1

57/4/2/21 15 P.T.O.
27.   -         ?   
(a) 
(b) 
(c)  3

28. (a)   ‘A’, ‘B’  ‘C’      ,      ?     
       ? 2

(b) 1.5      (i)  ()  (ii)     ( )
    1

 –  (   )

  29  30         3       
    
29.                  8,000
  ,                
      400         
 1200     
(a)              400 
     ( )          
          1

(b)          8000    
           400   
   ()    2
57/4/2/21 16
27. How do the following organisms act as bio-fertilisers ? Explain.
(a) Mycorrhiza
(b) Anabaena
(c) Rhizobium 3

28. (a) Whose skulls ‘A’, ‘B’, and ‘C’ are shown below ? Which of the two are
more similar to each other ? 2

(b) Name the (i) ape like (ii) man like primates that existed 1.5 million
years ago. 1

SECTION – D (Case Based Questions)

Question No. 29 and 30 are case based questions. Each question has 3 sub-
questions with internal choice in one sub-question.
29. Generally, in eukaryotic cells the average length of a transcription unit along
a DNA molecule is about 8,000 nucleotides, so the RNA product of the
transcription is also that long. But it only takes about 1200 nucleotides from
the above RNA product to translate average sized polypeptide of 400 Amino
acids.
(a) Name this RNA product transcribed from the DNA that subsequently
translates into a polypeptide of 400 amino acids. Mention the enzyme
responsible for transcribing this type of RNA from the DNA. 1
(b) Name and explain the process the RNA molecule transcribed from 8000
nucleotide long DNA undergoes to be able to translate a polypeptide of
400 amino acids. 2

57/4/2/21 17 P.T.O.
 (c)  ()    ( )  DNA 
    
      1


(c)        
         1

30.     

                  
       -         
                   
 ()     
                :

(a)   ‘A’  ‘B’    1

(b)                  1

(b)   ‘A’     ‘B’          
    1
(c) (i)        “ ()”    ?
(ii)      ()            
     ? 1+1

57/4/2/21 18
 (c) Write the number of RNA polymerases involved in the transcription of
DNA in a prokaryote and eukaryotes. 1
OR
(c) Mention the difference in the site of transcription in a prokaryote and
eukaryote cell. 1

30. Read the following passage :

Populations evolve to maximise their reproductive fitness in the habitat in
which they live. Ecologists suggest, the life history of organisms have evolved
in relations to the constraints imposed by the biotic and abiotic components
of the habitat in which they live. This gets reflected in the population growth
pattern of all organisms including humans.
Study the population growth curves shown in the given graph and answer
the questions that follow :

(a) Identify the growth curves ‘A’ and ‘B’. 1

(b) Mention what does the dotted line in the graph indicate and state its
importance also. 1
OR
(b) Growth curve ‘B’ shows a different pattern from that of growth curve ‘A’.
Justify giving one reason. 1
(c) (i) Which one of the two curves is more “realistic” and why ?
(ii) Which one of the two curves is relevant in present days with
respect to human population in our country and why ? 1+1

57/4/2/21 19 P.T.O.
  – 
31. (a) (i)
  ( )          
(1) /
(2)  
(3)   3
(ii) ‘     ()        
 ’        ?          2

(b) (i)                ? 
          2
(ii)                 
      3

32. (a)                    
      5

(b) (i)               
    ? 2½
(ii)                  
                  2½

33. (a)                

57/4/2/21 20
 SECTION – E
31. (a) (i) Explain the following phases in the menstrual cycle of a human
female :
(1) Menstruation
(2) Follicular phase
(3) Luteal phase 3
(ii) ‘A proper understanding of the menstrual cycle can help
immensely in family planning.’ Do you agree with the statement ?
Provide reasons for your answer. 2
OR
(b) (i) Why does endosperm development precede embryo development in
angiosperm seeds ? State the role of endosperm in mature
albuminous seeds. 2
(ii) Draw a labelled diagram showing the different embryonic stages of
a dicot plant, upto a fully mature embryo. 3

32. (a) Describe the life cycle of HIV from the time of its entry into the human
body till full blown AIDS sets in. 5
OR
(b) (i) Write the symptoms of malaria in human and explain what causes
these symptoms. 2½
(ii) Describe the different steps in the sexual mode of reproduction in
the life cycle of a malarial parasite from the time of its initiation
till where it is completed and ready to start a fresh cycle. 2½

33. (a) Study the schematic diagram given below and answer the questions
that follow :

57/4/2/21 21 P.T.O.
 (i)   m   ‘X’  ‘ X ’        
              
  1½

(ii)  ()    ,   ()  
           1½
(iii)              
    ? 2

(b) (i)    ‘   (   )      
 ? 1
(ii)             2
(iii)        ()     (
 )   ()        2

_______________

57/4/2/21 22
 (i) Identify the polarity from ‘X’ to ‘ X ’ in the mRNA segment shown.
Mention how many more amino acids can be added to the
polypeptide that is being translated and why. 1½
(ii) Write the initiating codon for translation, its anticodon and the
amino acid it codes for. 1½
(iii) Explain the charging of an adaptor molecule. Why this molecule
needs to be charged ? 2
OR
(b) (i) Why is sickle-cell anaemia, a human blood disorder so named ? 1
(ii) Explain the genetic basis that results in the expression of this
disorder. 2
(iii) Work out a cross to explain how normal parents may have a sickle-
cell anaemic child. 2

_______________

57/4/2/21 23 P.T.O.
57/4/2/21 228 B 24
 Marking Scheme
Strictly Confidential
(For Internal and Restricted use only)
Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination,2024
SUBJECT NAME BIOLOGY (Q.P. CODE 57/4/2)

General Instructions: -

1 You are aware that evaluation is the most important process in the actual and correct
assessment of the candidates. A small mistake in evaluation may lead to serious problems
which may affect the future of the candidates, education system and teaching profession.
To avoid mistakes, it is requested that before starting evaluation, you must read and
understand the spot evaluation guidelines carefully.

2 “Evaluation policy is a confidential policy as it is related to the confidentiality of the

examinations conducted, Evaluation done and several other aspects. Its’ leakage to
public in any manner could lead to derailment of the examination system and affect
the life and future of millions of candidates. Sharing this policy/document to
anyone, publishing in any magazine and printing in News Paper/Website etc may
invite action under various rules of the Board and IPC.”

3 Evaluation is to be done as per instructions provided in the Marking Scheme. It should not
be done according to one’s own interpretation or any other consideration. Marking
Scheme should be strictly adhered to and religiously followed. However, while
evaluating, answers which are based on latest information or knowledge and/or are
innovative, they may be assessed for their correctness otherwise and due marks be
awarded to them. In class-XII, while evaluating two competency-based questions,
please try to understand given answer and even if reply is not from marking scheme
but correct competency is enumerated by the candidate, due marks should be
awarded.

4 The Marking scheme carries only suggested value points for the answers
These are in the nature of Guidelines only and do not constitute the complete answer. The
students can have their own expression and if the expression is correct, the due marks
should be awarded accordingly.
5 The Head-Examiner must go through the first five answer books evaluated by each
evaluator on the first day, to ensure that evaluation has been carried out as per the
instructions given in the Marking Scheme. If there is any variation, the same should be
zero after delibration and discussion. The remaining answer books meant for evaluation
shall be given only after ensuring that there is no significant variation in the marking of
individual evaluators.
6 Evaluators will mark( √ ) wherever answer is correct. For wrong answer CROSS ‘X” be
marked. Evaluators will not put right (✓)while evaluating which gives an impression that
answer is correct and no marks are awarded. This is most common mistake which
evaluators are committing.

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 1

7 If a question has parts, please award marks on the right-hand side for each part. Marks
awarded for different parts of the question should then be totaled up and written in the left-
hand margin and encircled. This may be followed strictly.
8 If a question does not have any parts, marks must be awarded in the left-hand margin and
encircled. This may also be followed strictly.
9 If a student has attempted an extra question, answer of the question deserving more
marks should be retained and the other answer scored out with a note “Extra Question”.
10 No marks to be deducted for the cumulative effect of an error. It should be penalized only
once.
11 A full scale of marks 70 has to be used. Please do not hesitate to award full marks if the
answer deserves it.
12 Every examiner has to necessarily do evaluation work for full working hours i.e., 8 hours
every day and evaluate 20 answer books per day in main subjects and 25 answer books
per day in other subjects (Details are given in Spot Guidelines).This is in view of the
reduced syllabus and number of questions in question paper.
13 Ensure that you do not make the following common types of errors committed by the
Examiner in the past:-
● Leaving answer or part thereof unassessed in an answer book.
● Giving more marks for an answer than assigned to it.
● Wrong totaling of marks awarded on an answer.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the inside pages of the answer book to the title page.
● Wrong question wise totaling on the title page.
● Wrong totaling of marks of the two columns on the title page.
● Wrong grand total.
● Marks in words and figures not tallying/not same.
● Wrong transfer of marks from the answer book to online award list.
● Answers marked as correct, but marks not awarded. (Ensure that the right tick mark
is correctly and clearly indicated. It should merely be a line. Same is with the X for
incorrect answer.)
● Half or a part of answer marked correct and the rest as wrong, but no marks awarded.
14 While evaluating the answer books if the answer is found to be totally incorrect, it should
be marked as cross (X) and awarded zero (0)Marks.
15 Any unassessed portion, non-carrying over of marks to the title page, or totaling error
detected by the candidate shall damage the prestige of all the personnel engaged in the
evaluation work as also of the Board. Hence, in order to uphold the prestige of all
concerned, it is again reiterated that the instructions be followed meticulously and
judiciously.
16 The Examiners should acquaint themselves with the guidelines given in the “Guidelines
for Spot Evaluation” before starting the actual evaluation.
17 Every Examiner shall also ensure that all the answers are evaluated, marks carried over to
the title page, correctly totaled and written in figures and words.
18 The candidates are entitled to obtain photocopy of the Answer Book on request on
payment of the prescribed processing fee. All Examiners/Additional Head Examiners/Head
Examiners are once again reminded that they must ensure that evaluation is carried out
strictly as per value points for each answer as given in the Marking Scheme.

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 2

 MARKING SCHEME
Senior Secondary School Examination, 2024
BIOLOGY (Subject Code–044)
[ Paper Code: 57/4/2]
SECTION-A
1 (A)/ antipodal, zygote and endosperm 1 1
2. (A)/ Aneuploidy 1 1
3. (D)/ P – Transcription, Q – mRNA, R – Translation 1 1
4. (A)/ A – connective, B – Endothecium, C – Pollen grain 1 1
5. (C)/ Ovum - A, Morula - E, Blastocyst - G 1 1
6. (C)/ A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II 1 1
7. (C)/ Autosomal Recessive 1 1
8. (B)/ Antigen- Antibody interaction 1 1
9. (B)/ Divergent evolution 1 1
10. (D)/ Restriction Enzymes 1 1
11. (D)/ Y chromosomes 1 1
12. (D)/ A - (ii), B - (iv), C – (i), D – (iii) 1 1
13. (C)/ (A) is true, but (R) is false. 1 1
14. (A)/ Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the 1 1
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
15. (A)/ Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is 1 1
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
16. (B)/ Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is not 1 1
correct explanation of Assertion (A).
SECTION - B
17.  Artificial insemination refers to the transfer of semen collected
from the husband or male donor into the vagina or into the 1
uterus of the female. It is medically advised when:

(i) The male partner is unable to inseminate the female. ½

(ii) The sperm count is low in the ejaculate. ½

2
18  The genetically – engineered lymphocytes have a limited life
1
span or are mortal hence the patient requires periodic infusion
of genetically engineered lymphocytes.
 There could be a permanent cure if the gene isolated from bone
marrow cells producing ADA is introduced into the cells at early 1
embryonic stage.
2
19.  X- In woman X thickness of uterine wall increases after mid of ½+½
menstrual cycle; Reason- due to fertilization of
egg/pregnancy/conceived
XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 3
  Y- In woman Y thickness of uterine wall decreases after mid of ½+½
menstrual cycle ; Reason- egg has not been fertilized/leading to the
breakdown of lining of the uterus/menstrual flow/ bleeding. 2
20. (a)
Biodiversity hotspots are the regions with very high level of species ½+½
richness, and high degree of endemism

(b)
Western Ghats, The Himalayas, Indo – Burma region (Any two) ½+½
2
21.
(a)

Grazing Detritus Food

Food Chain
Chain
1. It starts with Starts from dead 1+1
producers. organic matter/ detritus
2. 2nd trophic level 2nd trophic level is
is occupied by occupied by
herbivores. detritivores.
3. In aquatic In terrestrial ecosystem
ecosystem a much larger fraction of
major fraction of energy flow through
energy flows such type of food chain
through this type
of food chain
(Any two corresponding points points)

OR
(b)
 Brood parasitism is a method of parasitism in which the parasitic 1
bird lays its eggs in the nest of the host bird and let the host bird to
incubate them.
 Example – The cuckoo bird lays its eggs in the nest of crow, egg of ½+½
cuckoo bird resembles crows’ egg in size and colour to reduce the
chance of host bird detecting and ejecting them from nest

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 4

 SECTION - C
22. 

½x3

½x3

3
23.

½ x4

[Vegetative cell, generative cell, exine, intine, germ pore ]

(Any four labeling to be considered)
Vegetative cell- contain abundant food reserve for pollen germination
Generative cell- Divide to produce male gametes
Exine – Protective layer
Intine- Involved in the formation of pollen tube. ½ x2
Germ pore- Pollen tube emerges from this point.
[Marks to be given to two correct labeling with their respective correct
function only]
3

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 5

24. (a) (i) Cannabinoids 1
(ii) Inhalation, Oral ingestion ½+½
(iii) Brain/Heart (cardiovascular system) 1

OR
(b)

½ X4

[ Four labeling – Antigen binding site, Light chain, Heavy chain, C-

terminal, N terminal, Disulphide bridge - ½ mark each]
 They are chemically Proteins ½
 B- lymphocytes/B- cells ½
3
25. (a)
Production of Biological products- Human protein α-1 antitrypsin used to 1
treat emphysema produced by transgenic organism / Transgenic cow ‘Rosie’
produce human protein enriched in α- lactalbumin
(b)
Studying Diseases- Transgenic models of human disease like cystic
fibrosis, cancer etc. are designed to increase our understanding of how genes 1
contribute to development of disease.
(c)
Chemical safety testing- Transgenic animals are made that carry genes 1
which make them more sensitive to toxic substance. They are then exposed
to toxic substance and the effect studied. 3
26. (a)
 A– vector DNA,
 B is foreign DNA/ Desired DNA/ Alien DNA ½+½

(b)
5 G A A T T C 3 
1
3 C T T A A G 5 

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 6

 (c)
It cuts the DNA between bases G and A only , It give rise to sticky ends of ½+½
‘A’ DNA and ‘B’ DNA which is joined by ligase enzyme to form
recombinant DNA. 3
27. (a)
Mycorrhiza (Fungal symbiont of the association) Absorb phosphorus 1
from soil and these nutrients are passed on to the host plant.
(b)
Anabaena – Fix atmospheric nitrogen and adds organic matter to the
1
soil, thereby increasing soil fertility.
(c)
Rhizobium – Fix atmospheric nitrogen (in leguminous plants) into organic 1
form which is used by the plant as nutrient. 3
28. (a)
A – Modern human being ½ x3
B – Baby chimpanzee
C – Adult chimpanzee
 Skull of baby chimpanzee is more like adult human skull (A and B) ½

(b) (i) Dryopithecus

(ii) Ramapithecus ½+½
3
SECTION - D
29. (a)
 hnRNA/ heterogeneous nuclear RNA ½
 RNA polymerase II ½
(b)
hnRNA undergo capping at 5’ end (methyl guanosine triphosphate/mGppp),
and tailing at 3’ end (with poly A tail or adenylate residue), further splicing ½x4
is carried out, where non coding sequences or introns are removed and
coding sequence or exons are joined together/ diagrammatic representation
with given markers can also be considered.

(c)
 In prokaryotes - 1 ½
 In eukaryotes-3 ½
OR
(c) In prokaryotes the transcription takes place in the cytoplasm/cytosol
whereas in Eukaryote transcription occurs in the Nucleus, 1
4
30. (a)
 A- exponential growth curve/ J-shaped curve ½
 B- Logistic growth curve/ S- shaped curve/ sigmoid curve ½

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 7

 (b)
 It represents carrying capacity (K) ½
 Maximum possible number of individuals beyond which no growth ½
of population is observed.
OR
(b) Growth curve B is formed when resources (food and space) in nature are
limited have environmental checks while growth curve A is formed when 1
resources are unlimited with no environmental checks.
(c ) (i)
 ‘B’/ Logistic growth curve ½
 As resources are never infinite in nature. ½
(ii)
 J-shaped curve/ exponential growth ½
It is a continuous growing population. ½
4
SECTION - E
31. (a)
(i)
(1)Menstruation phase – This flow is due to breakdown of endometrium 1
lining of uterus and blood vessels along with unfertilized ovum continues
for 3-5 days. This happens when ovum is not fertilized.

(2) Follicular phase – In this phase follicle develops into mature

1
Graafian Follicle. This is known as proliferative phase because
endometrium lining regenerates. It last for 10 days.

(3) Luteal phase – This phase lasts for about 10-14 days. This is also
1
known as secretory phase. In this phase corpus luteum is formed
which secretes large amount of progesterone that is required for
maintenance of pregnancy.

(ii)
 Yes, 1
 Chances of fertilization are nil if abstain from Coitus from day
1
10-17th day of menstrual cycle.

OR

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 8

 (b)
(i)
 The embryo development starts only after a certain amount of
endosperm is developed because it is an adaptation for assured
nutrition to the developing embryo thus endosperm development 1+1
precedes embryonic development
 To provide nutrition to the embryo.

(ii)

½x6

5
32.
(a) HIV enters human body and enter macrophage cells , where viral RNA is
introduced in the cell, Viral DNA is produced by reverse transcription, Viral ½x10
DNA incorporated in host genome, New viral RNA is produced by the
infected cell, New viruses are produced, which enter T-helper cells replicate
and produces its progeny, Progeny viruses attack other T helper cells, this is
repeated leading to progressive decline in the number T helper cells, person
become immunodeficient and HIV AIDS develop./

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 9

 ½x10

OR
(b)
(i)
 Chills , and high feverfever occurs in a cyclic order/every 2-3 days, ½+½
 fever is due to the toxic haemozoin, ½
 release at the time of RBC rupture. 1

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 10

 (ii)

½x5

33. (a)
(i)
 X to X is 5’   3’
 No more amino acids will be added ½ x3
 as the last codon UAA is a stop codon

(ii)
 AUG
 Anticodon - UAC ½ x3
 methionine

(iii)
 The amino acids are activated in the presence of ATP , and linked to
½+½
their cognate tRNA or the adapter molecule,

 Amino acids are activated so peptide bonds can be formed using this 1
energy.

OR

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 11

(b)
(i) the RBC in such patients takes up a sickle shape instead of biconcave. 1

(ii) The defect is caused by the substitution of Glutamic acid (Glu) by Valine
(Val) , at the sixth position of the beta globin chain of the haemoglobin
molecule /The substitution of amino acid in the globin protein results due to 1+1
the single base substitution at the sixth codon of the beta globin gene, from
GAG to GUG.

(iii)

½ x4

XII _ 044 57/4/2 Biology # page 12