Scribd
Upload
18 views9 pages

Lecture5-AnalogModulationPart-I (2) 2

The document discusses lowpass and bandpass signals, highlighting their frequency characteristics and examples. It explains analog modulation techniques, particularly Double-sideband suppressed-carrier Amplitude Modulation (DSB-SC AM), and the importance of modulation for effective signal transmission. Additionally, it covers the bandwidth of various analog signals and the representation of modulated signals in the time and frequency domains.

Uploaded by

thomaskarthik4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
18 views9 pages

Lecture5-AnalogModulationPart-I (2) 2

The document discusses lowpass and bandpass signals, highlighting their frequency characteristics and examples. It explains analog modulation techniques, particularly Double-sideband suppressed-carrier Amplitude Modulation (DSB-SC AM), and the importance of modulation for effective signal transmission. Additionally, it covers the bandwidth of various analog signals and the representation of modulated signals in the time and frequency domains.

Uploaded by

thomaskarthik4
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Analog Modulation : Part I

Satyajit Thakor
IIT Mandi
Lowpass and bandpass signals

I A lowpass (or baseband) signal is a signal in which the


spectrum of the signal is located around the zero frequency.
I A bandpass signal is a signal with a spectrum far from the zero
frequency.
I The frequency spectrum of a bandpass signal is usually located
around a frequency fc , which is much higher than the
bandwidth of the signal.
I Example: x(t) = A cos(2⇡fc t + ✓) is a bandpass signal with zero
bandwidth.
Analog and digital signal sources

I A large number of information sources produce analog signals.


I Analog signals can be modulated and transmitted directly, or
they can be converted into digital data and transmitted using
digital-modulation techniques.

I Bandwidth of
I speech signals is up to 4 kHz, bandwidth
Ln high
I music signals is typically 20 kHz, (mono, stereo)
I composite video signals is about 6 MHz.
Radio
antenna
Analog modulation techniques

I Analog signal to be transmitted m(t) is a power-type signal and


is assumed to be a lowpass signal of bandwidth W ,

M (f ) = 0 for |f | W.

I m(t) is transmitted through the communication channel by


impressing it on a carrier signal c(t) = Ac cos(2⇡fc t + c ).
I In practice, fc W.
I WLOG, c = 0. Why?
I Amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM) and
phase modulation (PM)
Double-sideband suppressed-carrier AM

I Why modulate?: to match channel’s bandpass characteristics, to


simplify structure of transmitter and receiver, to transmit many
signals simultaneously (e.g., FDM), to expand signal bandwidth
for better noise immunity (e.g., FM) etc.
I A DSB-SC AM signal u(t) is obtained by multiplying the
message signal m(t) with the carrier signal c(t):

u(t) = m(t)c(t) = Ac m(t) cos(2⇡fc t)

I This is the time-domain representation.

m(t): message signal or modulating signal


c(t): carrier signal
u(t): modulated signal
Double-sideband suppressed-carrier AM
Spectrum of the DSB-SC AM signal

Uct MG Ct

Ac Mlt cos aft


Let ult U t and met M t

Ulf A MG 18ft t.lt 1s fttc


Ag M f f Mcf te
I What type of signal is FT in general?

A complex signal of independent variable f


I How to plot the spectrum (FT) of a signal “completely”?

Either Ii real im ii magnitude phase iii 3D


Spectrum of the DSB-SC AM signal

I Example: Magnitude and phase spectra of message signal m(t)


and DSB AM-modulated signal u(t)

You might also like