UNIVERSIDAD DEL VALLE DE MÉXICO
CAMPUS CUMBRES
SEVENTH SEMESTER
COURSE:
ENGLISH IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
TEACHER:
DIAZ TAMEZ ARNOLDO DAVID
ACTIVITY 2
GUIDE TRANSLATION
DUE DATE:
FEBRUARY 27, 2025
STUDENT:
MANZANO IBARRA PALOMA
540134089
CASE PRESENTATION
A 32-year-old nulliparous black woman presented to our department for inguinal masses.
Her medical and surgical histories were unremarkable besides a hysteroscopy 7 weeks ago
for irregular vaginal bleeding due to a simple endometrial hyperplasia. The woman noticed
the masses nine months ago with a constant pain and cyclic exacerbations during
menses. Clinical examination revealed a bilateral firm and tender masses of 3 cm and 2 cm
located lateral and superior to the pubic tubercle with no impulse with cough or Valsalva
maneuver. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of one cystic
heterogeneous mass containing endometriosis implants of 3.3 cm × 3 cm × 1.7 cm on the
right side and a smaller left inguinal lesion along with signs of pelvic endometriosis,
consistent with the diagnosis of endometriosis in the pelvis and in the canal of Nuck, yet
the patient had no clinical sign of deep endometriosis.
A laparoscopy was decided to assess the pelvis for deep endometriosis and to resect
inguinal nodes. Endometriosis was found on ovaries, round and uterosacral ligaments.
All lesions were coagulated. There was neither inguinal hernia or hydrocele.
Then, inguinal dissection showed an extensive infiltration by numerous firm masses that
were in continuity with the extra peritoneal portion of the round ligament. We managed to
remove the biggest masses as well as the affected portion of the ligament.
Operative time was 90 min and blood loss was minimal. The recovery was uncomplicated
and the patient discharged on day 2.
Histopathology study confirmed the presence of endometriosis in the striated abdominal
muscular tissue (Figure 1).
Because of the presence of deep endometriosis in the pelvis, the patient was started on
oral contraceptive pills. The patient informed consent was obtained prior to the publication
of her case.
Traducción (Español)
CASO CLÍNICO
Presentación del caso
Una mujer negra nulípara de 32 años acudió a nuestro servicio por masas inguinales. Sus
antecedentes médicos y quirúrgicos eran normales, aparte de una histeroscopia hace 7
semanas por sangrado vaginal irregular debido a una hiperplasia endometrial simple. La
mujer notó las masas hace nueve meses con un dolor constante y exacerbaciones cíclicas
durante la menstruación. El examen clínico reveló unas masas bilaterales firmes y
sensibles de 3 cm y 2 cm localizadas lateral y superiormente al tubérculo púbico sin
impulso con la tos ni con la maniobra de Valsalva. La resonancia magnética confirmó la
presencia de una masa quística heterogénea que contenía implantes de endometriosis
de 3,3 cm × 3 cm × 1,7 cm en el lado derecho y una lesión inguinal izquierda más pequeña
junto con signos de endometriosis pélvica, compatibles con el diagnóstico de
endometriosis en la pelvis y en el canal de Nuck, aunque la paciente no presentaba signos
clínicos de endometriosis profunda.
Se decidió realizar una laparoscopia para evaluar la pelvis en busca de endometriosis
profunda y resecar ganglios inguinales. Se encontró endometriosis en ovarios,
ligamentos redondos y uterosacros. Todas las lesiones estaban coaguladas. No había ni
hernia inguinal ni hidrocele.
A continuación, la disección inguinal mostró una extensa infiltración por numerosas masas
firmes que estaban en continuidad con la porción extraperitoneal del ligamento redondo.
Conseguimos extirpar las masas más grandes, así como la porción afectada del
ligamento.
El tiempo quirúrgico fue de 90 min y la pérdida de sangre mínima. La recuperación no tuvo
complicaciones y la paciente fue dada de alta el segundo día.
El estudio histopatológico confirmó la presencia de endometriosis en el tejido muscular
abdominal estriado (Figura 1).
Debido a la presencia de endometriosis profunda en la pelvis, la paciente empezó a tomar
anticonceptivos orales. Se obtuvo el consentimiento informado de la paciente antes de la
publicación de su caso.
Term Selection and Justifications
"Inguinal masses" → "masas inguinales"
• Contextual relevance: The term "inguinal masses" describes a specific clinical
finding localized in the groin area, which corresponds to "masas inguinales" in
Spanish.
• Common usage: "Masas inguinales" is commonly used in Spanish medical literature
to describe abnormal swellings or masses in the inguinal region.
• Nuances: The term ensures clarity by maintaining the anatomical specificity.
"Hysteroscopy" → "histeroscopia"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure to evaluate the
uterine cavity. "Histeroscopia" is the direct equivalent in Spanish.
• Common usage: Widely recognized and utilized in gynecological practice in Spanish-
speaking countries.
• Nuances: No additional nuances; it is a direct translation.
"Endometrial hyperplasia" → "hiperplasia endometrial"
• Contextual relevance: Describes a condition involving excessive proliferation of the
endometrial lining.
• Common usage: "Hiperplasia endometrial" is the standard term used in Spanish
gynecological literature.
• Nuances: The translation preserves the medical specificity without introducing
ambiguity.
"Endometriosis implants" → "implantes de endometriosis"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to ectopic endometrial-like tissue, critical in the
diagnosis of endometriosis.
• Common usage: "Implantes de endometriosis" is consistent with Spanish-language
descriptions of this condition.
• Nuances: The term captures the pathological nature of the tissue while maintaining
accuracy.
"Canal of Nuck" → "canal de Nuck"
• Contextual relevance: This embryological structure can persist abnormally and is
linked to specific gynecological conditions.
• Common usage: The name is typically not translated because it refers to a specific
anatomical feature named after a person.
• Nuances: Retaining "canal de Nuck" avoids confusion and aligns with medical
conventions.
"Deep endometriosis" → "endometriosis profunda"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to a severe form of endometriosis infiltrating beyond the
peritoneum.
• Common usage: "Endometriosis profunda" is the standard term in Spanish
gynecological practice.
• Nuances: The translation maintains clinical precision and mirrors the descriptive
nature of the English term.
"Laparoscopy" → "laparoscopia"
• Contextual relevance: Indicates a minimally invasive surgical procedure to visualize
and treat pelvic pathologies.
• Common usage: "Laparoscopia" is widely used in Spanish medical literature.
• Nuances: No alternative terms are needed, as it is universally recognized.
"Operative time" → "tiempo quirúrgico"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to the duration of the surgical procedure.
• Common usage: "Tiempo quirúrgico" is a standard phrase in Spanish surgical
documentation.
• Nuances: The term is straightforward and does not introduce ambiguity.
"Oral contraceptive pills" → "píldoras anticonceptivas orales"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to a common treatment for endometriosis-related
symptoms.
• Common usage: "Píldoras anticonceptivas orales" is the standard terminology in
Spanish gynecology.
• Nuances: The term ensures precision, emphasizing the route of administration.
"Histopathology" → "estudio histopatológico"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to microscopic examination of tissue to confirm the
diagnosis.
• Common usage: "Estudio histopatológico" is the accepted term in Spanish medical
practice.
• Nuances: The addition of "estudio" aligns with formal medical reporting in Spanish.
"Nulliparous" → "nulípara"
• Contextual relevance: Indicates a woman who has never given birth, relevant to the
patient’s reproductive history.
• Common usage: "Nulípara" is the standard term in Spanish for describing this
obstetric status.
• Nuances: Retains the medical specificity needed for accurate clinical
documentation.
"Cyclic exacerbations during menses" → "exacerbaciones cíclicas durante la menstruación"
• Contextual relevance: Describes symptom patterns associated with the menstrual
cycle, characteristic of endometriosis.
• Common usage: The phrase is commonly used in Spanish gynecological contexts to
describe this phenomenon.
• Nuances: Preserves the link between symptoms and the menstrual cycle without
oversimplifying.
"Tender masses" → "masas sensibles"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to masses that cause pain or discomfort upon
palpation, a key finding in this case.
• Common usage: "Masas sensibles" is standard in Spanish medical practice to
describe such findings.
• Nuances: The translation maintains the clinical description of sensitivity without
ambiguity.
"Pubic tubercle" → "tubérculo púbico"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to an anatomical landmark critical for locating the
masses.
• Common usage: "Tubérculo púbico" is the anatomically correct term in Spanish.
• Nuances: No significant nuances; it is a direct anatomical translation.
"Valsalva maneuver" → "maniobra de Valsalva"
• Contextual relevance: Describes a clinical test to evaluate inguinal masses or
hernias.
• Common usage: "Maniobra de Valsalva" is widely recognized in Spanish medical
texts.
• Nuances: Retains the original eponym to ensure clarity.
"Heterogeneous mass" → "masa heterogénea"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to imaging findings indicative of varied tissue
composition, typical in endometriosis.
• Common usage: "Masa heterogénea" is a standard term in radiological and
gynecological contexts in Spanish.
• Nuances: The term aligns with diagnostic imaging reports without introducing
ambiguity.
"Endometriosis in the canal of Nuck" → "endometriosis en el canal de Nuck"
• Contextual relevance: Specifies the rare localization of endometriosis in this case.
• Common usage: The term is directly translatable and widely understood in medical
literature.
• Nuances: Retains the original anatomical reference for precision.
"Ovaries, round ligaments, and uterosacral ligaments" → "ovarios, ligamentos redondos y
uterosacros"
• Contextual relevance: Lists pelvic structures affected by endometriosis, crucial for
surgical planning.
• Common usage: These anatomical terms are standard in Spanish gynecology.
• Nuances: Maintains the anatomical precision of the original text.
"Inguinal dissection" → "disección inguinal"
• Contextual relevance: Refers to the surgical procedure performed to remove affected
tissue.
• Common usage: "Disección inguinal" is the standard term in Spanish surgical
contexts.
• Nuances: Accurately conveys the technical nature of the procedure.
"Affected portion of the ligament" → "porción afectada del ligamento"
• Contextual relevance: Highlights the specific area of surgical resection.
• Common usage: The phrase is standard in Spanish surgical and pathological
descriptions.
• Nuances: Avoids ambiguity by explicitly referencing the affected structure.
"Histopathology study" → "estudio histopatológico"
• Contextual relevance: Describes the examination used to confirm the diagnosis of
endometriosis.
• Common usage: This term is widely accepted and utilized in Spanish medical
practice.
• Nuances: The translation remains formal and aligned with medical reporting
standards.
