py sRcicpratl bed SERS wi Installation code for metal roof 2 and wall cladding ee VASAI GLOBAL LICENCE for SAHB 39: 2015. EN POF Licensee: Lachlan Nunn Date: o1/04i2021 Infostore Licence Agreement ‘Ths is an agreement between the end user of the Product ("Licensee") and SAI Global Australia Ply Ltd ABN 14 144 974 087 |Level 37, 680 George Street, Sydney NSW 2000 AUSTRALIA (‘Licence Agreement’) 1, Definitions and Interpretations ‘Concurrent Users means the maximum number of people able to access the Product at any one time, and is limited to the 'number of Licences purchased. Internal Use means use of the Product within the Licensee's organization. cence means the right to access and use the Product. Licensee means the purchaser and user of the Product. Product means Standards and other publications related material and content ordered and purchased through the Infostore in hard copy format or downloaded as electronic POF fies. 'SA Licensed Material means Publications published by Standards Australia Lied 2, Product Availabilty 12.1. The Product is available via the World Wide Web through the use of @ web browser. Documents are provided as hard copy [tints or PDF fies, viewable through the use of the latest version of Adobe Reader®. 3. Licence Agreement [3:1 By using the Product, the Licensee agrees fo be hound by this Licence Agreement forthe Product. ‘To read the full icence agreement, simply click within the red box above and scroll through with your cursor © _ Learn about LexConnect, All Jurisdictions, Standards referenced in Australian legislation © _ Know when a Standard has changed © Visit our store to find more Publications5 & s &. G s 3 8 5 z 6 / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 SA HB 39:2015 Handbook Installation code for metal roof and wall cladding First published as HB 30—1002. ‘Second editon 1097, ‘Third eaiton 2018. COPYRIGHT © Standards Australia Limited All ights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by ‘any om onic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher, uniess otherwise permitted under the Copyright Act 1988, ISBN 678 + 76035 1857SA HB 39:2015 2 PREFACE This Handbook was prepared by a steering committee and peer reviewed by the Standards Australia Committee WS-014, Plumbing and Drainage, from contributions, sketches and the like received from installers, manufacturers of roofing materials and components, TAFE, institutes and industry training organisations, to supersede, HB 39—1997. ‘The development of this Handbook was made possible by arrangement between the Victorian Building Authority, the Australian Steel Institute Ltd and Standards Australia Limited. Acknowledgement is made to the Master Plumbers & Mechanical Services Association of Australia, the Association of Hydraulic Services Consultants Australia Ltd, along with the support of the steel roof installation industry. The intention of this Handbook is to provide guidelines and basic standards of good practice for use by industry training providers, the Australian metal roofing installation industry and roofing contractors in any State or Territory. ASINZS 3500.3:2003, Plumbing and drainage, Part 3: Stormwater drainage, ASINZS 3500.5:2012, Plumbing and drainage, Part 5: Housing installations, and HB 114:1998, Guidelines for the design of eaves and box gutters, also include important criteria for roof drainage, roof flashings and cappings, which should be read in conjunction with this Handbook. Requests for interpretations or suggestions for improvement should be forwarded in the first instance to Standards Australia. ensed to SA Global for Syfon Systems Copyrighted material ction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:Lachlan. Nunn@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 No further reprodu'3 SA HB 39:2015 CONTENTS SECTION 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE., 1.2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS. 1.3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS SECTION 2 MATERIAL SELECTION 2.1 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS . sooo 1B 2.2. METAL THICKNESS. 2.3. DURABILITY OF STEEL 2.4 COATING MASS. 2.5 DISSIMILAR METALS—SACRIFICIAL PROTECTION 2.6 INERT CATCHMENT 2.7 CUT EDGE PROTECTION... 28 MARKING OF ROOFING MATERIALS. 29 SILICONE RUBBER SEALANT SELECTION AND APPLICATION vvsssvsovone 24 2.10 SYNTHETIC RUBBER FLASHINGS.... seonnsnns 26 2.11 MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF COMPOUNDS... 26 SECTION 3. MAINTENANCE AND CARE 3.1 SITE STORAGE. 3.2 WALKING ON ROOFS 3.3. PROTECTION OF HEAVY TR. 3.4 TEMPORARY WALKWAYS... 3.5. CUTTING SHEETS ON SITE. 3.6 CLEANING UP..... 3.7 UNWASHED AREAS... 3.8 SURFACE DAMAGE 3.9 STRIPPABLE COATINGS 3.10 ROOF NOISE—RAIN AND HAIL. 3.11 THERMAL STRESS 3.12. SUNSCREEN AND PREPAINTED METAL SHEETS. ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. 33 SECTION 4 ROOF SAFETY 4.1 EYE AND SKIN PROTECTION. 4.2 FALL PROTECTION... 4,3 WORK ON EXISTING ROOFS. 4.4 SAFETY MESH... 4.5 HARNESSES .. 4.6 USE OF LADDERS. 47 ACCESS LADDERS AND ACCESS PLATFORMS 4,8 SINGLE AND EXTENSION LADDERS. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:Lachlan. Nunn@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 34 oon 37 38 sue 42 42 43 SECTION 5 ROOF DRAINAGE, 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 5.2. MATERIALS... 5.3 BOX GUTTERS UP TO 600 mm 5.4 VALLEY GUTTERS. os 5.5 SOAKER GUTTERS 5.6 EAVES GUTTERS.SA MB 39:2015 4 5.7 DOWNPIPES, SUMPS AND RAINHEADS..... 5.8 JOINTING METHODS FOR OTHER THAN ALUMINIUM .. 62 5.9 JOINTING METHODS FOR ALUMINIUM RAINWATER GOODS AND. ACCESSORIES 64. 5.10 FIXING AND JOINING ROOF FLASHINGS AND CAPPINGS. 64 5.11 RAINFALL INTENSITIES... SECTION 6 THERMAL AND CONDENSATION CONTROL 6.1 SCOPE OF SECTION 6.2 _ INSULATION OF STEEL ROOFING . 63 CONDENSATION 64 RESISTANCE TO HEAT TRANSFER (R-VALUES) 67 SECTION 7 ROOF SHEETING 7.1 TYPICAL PROFILES 7.2 ROOF SHEET SPAN INFORMATION... 7.3. WIND FORCES ON ROOFS .. 7.4 CYCLONE AREAS. 75 STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE TESTS .. 7.6 ROOF SLOPE AND PITCH... 7.7 THERMAL EXPANSION/CONTRACTION 7.8 ROOF LOADING AND SETTING OUT 7.9 PIERCE-FASTENED DECKS. nnn . - 7.10 CONCEALED-FASTENED DECKS 71 7.11 MEASURING UP (ESTIMATING QUANTITIES) 1 7.12. FIXING CLIPS AND FASTENER‘ 7.13, RIB END STOPS, 7.14 FILLER STRIPS.. 7.15 END LAPPING 7.16 BULL NOSING AND CURVING. 7.17 SPRING-CURVED SHEETING.. 7.18 CAPPED, BENT CONTINUOUS SHEETING... 7.19 MANSARD ROOF‘ 7.20 WALL CLADDING ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. xd. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 SECTION 8 ROOF FLASHINGS AND CAPPINGS 8.1 GENERAL 8.2 FASTENING. 83 SPECIAL FOLDS... 84 WALL AND STEP FLASHINGS.. 8.5 LEAD FLASHINGS. 8.6 PENETRATIONG...... 8.7 ALL OTHER FLASHINGS AND CAPPINGS. ribution permi Copyrighted material No further reproduction or di SECTION 9 ROOF LIGHTS 9.1 TRANSLUCENT ROOF MATERIALS... 9.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE SECTION 10 CEILING COMPONENTS AND ROOF EXTRAS 10.1. SCOPE OF SECTION 102 LOADBEARING AND NON-LOADBEARING 103 EXTERNAL APPLICATIONS. UPPORT SYSTEMS ..ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENTS... INSULATED PANELS APPENDICES A B 1Z0z/ro/L0 ® woo vos®uuny uejyoe Aq pamern / payuug ‘payuuied uoynguysip 40 uononposde seyny ON SUI9}SAS UOJAS 40} {E4019 [YS 0} Pasuea}) jeusjew payySukdogCopyrighted material licensed to SA! Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed ’ viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 © Standards Austealia SA HB 39:2015 6 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA Handbook Installation code for metal roof and wall cladding SECTION 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE This Handbook provides information and basic guidelines on the selection, performance and installation of metal roofing and wall cladding. Although the fixing details for roof drainage systems relate mainly to steel, acknowledgment is made of the other materials in common use such as profiled fibreglass reinforced polyester (FRP) and polycarbonate. When utilised, the design and installation measures contained in this Handbook will provide ‘a weatherproof exterior and ensure that all rainwater is directed to the stormwater drainage system, ‘The recommendations and best practice methods set out in this Handbook will ensure that— (a) the life of the roof sheeting, flashings and roof drainage systems including accessories, is optimised; (b) the installation of roof coverings and flashings are weathertight; (©) the installation of the roof drainage system is capable of discharging established rainfall intensities; (@)__ in the event of a blockage or partial blockage of the stormwater system or downpipes rainfall is discharged external to the building with no detrimental effect to the building or its contents; (©) the end effect of poor transportation, handling and storage is recognised and avoided; (0) safe work practices are observed, with full awareness of solar radiation effects on exposed skin and sun glare on eyesight; (g) the selection of materials reflects local environmental factors; (h) the correct types of fasteners and recommended fixing patterns are utilised; (i) the minimum and effective roof pitch recommendations for each profile are met; (the minimum and effective grade for roof drainage systems is met; (k) provision is made for expansion in roof coverings, gutters, flashings and downpipes; (1) r00f noise is minimised; and (m) insulation is installed to ensure effective performance. As the bulk of this Handbook refers to roofing, it is recommended that the user also source any appropriate additional information required for metal wall cladding installations from specific product manufacturers, NOTE: The general design and sizing principles of roof drainage systems may also be utilised when installing drainage outlets, downpipes and overflow provision in above-ground external areas of buildings such as drains from balconies, patios and the like. wr [Link]Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems No further reproduation or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 7 SA HB 39:2015, 1.2, REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Handbook. AS 1397 1562 1562.1 1657 3566 3566.1 3959 4055 4256 4256.2 4256.5 ASINZS 1170 1170.0 1170.1 1170.2 1562 1562.3 1665 1892 1892.5 2179 2179.1 2312 2728 3500 3500.3 3500.5 4256 4256.3 4389 Iso. 9223 ABCB Nec Continuous hot-dip metallic coated steel sheet and strip—Coatings of zine and zine alloyed with aluminium and magnesium Design and installation of sheet roof and wall cladding Part 1: Metal Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders—Design, construction and installation Self- ehimoey Hip /- Ohimney tashing Apron/eosker Valley gutter Pre/e ake srapat capping Synthetic rubber > Tranatucent sheet ‘ashing _/ Box gutter Rainhead Downpipe Cable tise \ downpipe Stop ond ° “downpipe fastenings \ \ parapet wait aves gutter —/ Uo \\\ \enenre sat Downpipe fastenings Ni Downpipes—* \. Parapet capping Eaves gutter FIGURE 1.3 COMMON TERMS ‘www [Link]ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@syfon com @ 01/04/2021 1B SA HB 39:2015 SECTION 2. MATERIAL SELECTION 2.1. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS. ‘The performance of sheet roofing is affected by many factors, some of which are controllable and some not. ‘The main uncontrollable factor is the environment, the effect of which can be minimised by choosing a material appropriate to the conditions under which the sheet is to perform. NOTE: Material selection is highly dependent upon environmental conditions. Appendix A gives ‘description of atmospheric environments and atmospheric classifications that are to be taken into account, in combination with manufacturers’ literature, when choosing a particular material for a particular application, 2.2. METAL THICKNESS The thickness of metal is specified in AS/NZS 2179.1 and is shown in Tables 2.2(A), 2.2(B), 2.2(C), 2.2(D) and 2.2(B). TABLE 2.2(A) MINIMUM THICKNESS OF BOX GUTTERS ‘Minimum base metal thickness, mm ‘Aluminium/zine oF ‘luminium/zine/ | Copper and | Aluminium and magnesium — | copper aluminium alloy alley-coated ste! Zine-conted steel Stainless steel | Zine 0.50 (300) or | 0.50 (6300) oF 055 0.90 0.45 0.70 0.42.(G550)_| 0.42 (6550) NOTE: The designations in parentheses are grades according to AS 1397, TABLE 2.2(B) MINIMUM THICKNESS OF EAVES GUTTERS WITH SOLE WIDTH EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN 200 mm Minimum base metal thickness, mm Effective eros Aluminium/rine oF ] ] sectional area ‘luminium/zine/ | Copper and | Aluminium |Staintess| 7, ‘om? Line ‘magnesium | copper alloys | alloys | steels _ alloy-coated steel | = 10.000 0.50 (G300) or | 0.50 (4300) or 055 07 | 045 | 0.70 | 042 (550) | 042 (6350) | > 10 000 < 20 000 | 0.60 (G300) er | 0.60 (G300) or 0.70 07 | 03s | 0.90 0.48 (G350) | 0.48 (G550) NOTE: The designations in parentheses are grades according to AS 1397. www [Link] © Standards AustraliaCopyrighted material licensed to SA! Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01K SA HB 39:2015 “4 TABLE 2.2(C) MINIMUM THICKNESS OF VALLEY GUTTERS WITH WIDTH EQUAL TO OR LESS THAN 600 mm AND CONTINUOUS SUPPORT SYSTEM am baye metal thickne ‘Aluminium/rine or ] Zinc-conted | aluminium/zine/ | Copperand | Aluminium | ge. stes steel ine ‘magnesium —|copper alloys) alloys. | Stimesssteel_ 71 _ alloy-conted steel 0.50 (G300) or | 0.50 (G300) oF oss | Oss 0.45 0.70 0.42 (6550) | 0.42 (550) NOTE: The designations in parentheses are grades according to AS 1397. TABLE 2.2(D) MINIMUM THICKNESS OF CIRCULAR VERTICAL OR GRADED DOWNPIPES Vera | tet Zesty mein Gen Snag" | at” | Be (G300) 100 | 100 040 0.40 055 oss | cao | 080 * Dimension may be less atone end to permit telescoping, + Cross-sectional area less than 75 000 mm, $ Cross-seetional area Jess than 10 000 mm" §, For yield strength of nt less than 180 MPa NOTE: The designation in brackets is the grade according to AS 1397, © Standards Australia, ‘woe. [Link]Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 www. standards. org. au 1s SA HB 39:2015 TABLE 2.2(E) MINIMUM THICKNESS OF RECTANGULAR OR SQUARE—VERTICAL OR GRADED DOWNPIPES ‘Minton bev meal eke “ivainiun/tne or Verticatt | Gradedt | zine. Copper coated steel = Zi ‘can semper 7x30 | 75x30 | 000 03s | oss 040 | om asx1_| 75x70 | 040 oss_| oss | 040 | 080 100 x 50 1o0xs0 | 0.40 0.55 0.55 0.40 | 0.80 100375 | 100x795 | 00 03s | oss | 040| 090 1095100 050 o70_| 07 | 050 | 030 1505100 050 an | 070 | 050 | 030 150 x 150. 0.70 _ 0.70 0.80 0.80 0.70 1.0 200% 200 00 070 we | 40 | ano [aa 250% 250 070 070 12 12 or [12 * Dimension may be less at one end to permit telescoping Cross-sectional area less than 75 000 mm? Cross-sectional area les than 10 000 mm. § For yield strength of not less than 180 MPa, NOTE: The designation in brackets isthe grade accord 2.3. DURABILITY OF STEEL To gain maximum benefit and maximum life from steel used in roofing it requires some form of protective coating to prevent corrosion (rusting). There are numerous ways of eliminating corrosion but none as effective, practical and economical as metallic coatings using zine or other alloys. Depending on the intended application, the recommended coating may be a thin layer of electroplated zinc, a heavy layer of zinc applied by hot-dipping (galvanising), aluminium/zine or aluminjum/zine/magnesium alloy coatings. In the case of plain zine coating, the thicker the coating, the longer the life of the product, while the coating on aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel lasts up to four times longer than galvanised steel with the same coating thickness, under the same conditions of atmosphi exposure. ‘The metallic coatings protect the base steel in two ways— (a) _ by providing a physical barrier between the steel and the atmosphere; and (b) by galvanic action, an electrochemical process in which one metal corrodes preferentially to another. Steel may be painted for protection, but any scratched or uncoated area will still allow the exposed steel to rust. Zinc-coated and aluminium/zinc alloy-coated steel will not corrode even if there are scratches or other slight abrasions in the coating because the coating sacrifices itself, corroding instead of the steel (see Clause 2.5). Thus, the steel is left structurally sound to perform the job for which it was intended. As the environment becomes more aggressive, the coating thickness for a given life also needs to increase.Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 SA MB 39:2015 16 The sheet manufacturer will be able to assist with the correct material specification. Tables 2.3(A) and 2.3(B) provide information on direct contact between various metals and on drainage from one surface over another. NOTE: Appendix A provides information on atmospheric environments, (© Standards Australia www [Link]SA HB 39:2015, " ayes adage se 7 ¢ |p poston so eg a Jo sun a plopnuod ago 24 9008 nvmwes pueda aunee ag wep uouuedas iebope son |S san 3 cn sje 29 u wong ops © 3s Abn onFUOD Wn I POOR Ja}ERUE JO Wo|AUICSSaKeE 0 =TOpOU—=IgEE5098 108 = ox ‘wosouoo [euon)pe Wis 0m fo stom Eo sped oy | spo sn - os 8 (ZiT SZN/SV 228) suo| = PIN 'SA ‘IS ° Nabe “spoof soyeauyes 30} popuouusoaas rou $1 pea ‘Ay91%03 ona § 298) yowyote9 wouy ue uous aBeupRIp ansooas 0} ou are yng WeIUOD 3asIP £0 S|gRHINS ase aUTE pu [9aI6 payeoD-ouFZ pawuedun, $ “aygeuns s} orzv INLSW WIM souEpLOdze UL OLE ACID | 9A [em [SUH SOPHIOUT 4 wx a] A oN oN A] ON [A] A] A] WA TON] ON Speer T Pars pao -éoj unsou8eu pen sx on | on S94 sx |t| ¢ foal on ox | on | sox | 894 | puv ouzrunguramiy 5K sox | on 594 sox |soa| sop [oon | on on | on | sax | sox | pur roas pareos-ou1z | ‘Gou95 008) 5A sa | on on. on fon| on |soa| sox | on | on | on | on pars ssorurens koe 24 wa | on on. on. ox |soa| on | sox | sox | on | oN | saddoo pu undo BA oN A A [eal on | oN | A] Sx Sore wmaRaRIY 1° 5A DE IS, sAperis| pu | SAPuFIS SA puwis| PUN |SA pues] pl [SA PEE Is) pu | SA PEE IS wopwopistep suaydsouyy pats pan wo ee jays pavwos Suyppep Xux pur ayeos pest ~doqe wnysoudsmouye | ouyz pur pars | (61295 906) shou shore wayayunyy | SU2uodie> wosks ‘syue8s0 20 3708309 ‘eanyayanye pax payeos | parvo saddo3 pur sadder, aBenyesp seer Coyne surzjmyarsimry Teuaiew seuareg Taya} aauayse 40 A1055999y | STVIAW NAAMLAG LOVINOD LOAUIG AO ALITIAVLdID9V (et aTavL 120z/r0/L0 ® woo uoks@uunny uejyoe Aq pamela / paid ‘papiuuad uognquisip 40 vononposdes souny ON ‘SW2ISAS UOHAS 40} J2qO1D I¥S 0} pasuso| jeuoew parySuAdooie 2015 SA HB 39: yesh adooganig se Bupen pony “ | pares eu sou asddos | sore ssuip | anserg |P22e1uq | enosezay | 3 i 1D | Hse, iy | Pavwredaag || jonrzymnquyunys pux paxe09) pareos-ourz | yeays ssaqureis| pus seddoy | wmaywmy ows 2uyzyanyuyusnyy amon | oyeu spool sayemuyes a0 Buyppel weadn 1Z0z/PO/LO ® woo-uo’s@uunny uelyoe:Aq pama SOVANNS TVLIW YAMOT ¥ OL JOVAWS Ud NV WOW TOVNIVAC AO ALIUAVLEIOOV (Mew ATaVL 'SUIS}SKG UOJAS 40} feqoID) IVS 01 Pasued}| jeUAreW payyoukdog Peluud ‘paylued URNgUIsIp 40 uoRoNposday JeyLNy ON www [Link] © Standards AustraliaCopyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 9 SA HB 39:2015 2.4 COATING MASS The life of any given piece of metallic-coated steel depends not on the base metal thickness itself, but on thickness of metallic coating, be it zinc (galvanised), aluminium/zine ot aluminium/zine/magnesium, AS 1562.1 and AS/NZS 2179.1 specify the relevant coating mass for various roofing and rainwater goods applications. Roofing applications require a minimum Z450 galvanised, AZ150_aluminium/zine coating, or AM125 aluminium/zinc/magnesium-coated steel complying with AS1397 for bare metallic-coated steel (see Figure 2.4). Prepainted materials are to comply with AS/NZS 2728. Examples: (a) 2450 galvanised steel: where Z = zinc 450 ~ a minimum coating of 450g of zinc applied to each square metre of steel, or a nominal coating of 225 g/m” per side. (6) AM125 aluminium/zine/magnesium alloy-coated steel: where AM= aluminium/zine/magnesium 125 = a minimum coating of 125 g of zine applied to each square metre of steel, or a nominal coating of 62.5 g/m? per side. For rainwater goods such as gutters or downpipes, AS/NZS 2179.1 requires a minimum coating of 2275, AZ150 or AM125 complying with AS 1397 for bare metallic-coated steel. Prepainted materials are to comply with AS/NZS 2728. Severe environmental conditions require AZ200 or AM150. Nominal 62.5 9 of Nominal 226 9 of Tincfaluminiuivemagnesium/m? zinc/m® per side por side Coating —-LZZZZZZZZZZZZZX Coating —~P7ZZZZZZZZZZZZA ‘Steel base —~) / Steel base —— Costing —~LZZZZZZZZZZZZZN «Coating ZZ ZZZZZZZZZ Zn Nominal 226 9 of Nominal 62.5 9 of Zinc/m? por sive inc/aluminium/magnesium/m? per side SECTION THROUGH SHEET SECTION THROUGH SHEET (6) Galvanised 2450 (b) Aluminiur/zine A210 FIGURE 2.4 COATING MASS ‘ww [Link] © Standards AustraliaCopyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 20 2.5 DISSIMILAR METALS—SACRIFICIAL PROTECTION When two or more dissimilar metals are in contact and moisture is present, one of the metals is relatively protected while the other suffers accelerated corrosion, This is commonly known as galvanic or electrolytic corrosion, Figure 2.5 shows an abridged galvanic series of metals and includes only those commonly used for building applications. This series is laid out in descending order of activity. Metals near the top of the series will sacrificially protect those metals below it. From this position, can be seen that zinc is more active than steel and will, therefore, protect it sacrificially. Nor Monel metal rivets are not to be used with metal roofing, flashings and rainwater goods. Less noble Magnesium Zine Zine —___ Zine/aluminim Zine/aluminium * Zine Aluminium/zine Aluminium/zine protects ‘Aluminium Increasing ‘Aluminium steel Iron Flow of activity Cadmium Soft solder water Steel Tin Lead Leas Tin Nickel Nickel Brass Brass Copper Noble Copper NOTE: An exception to the need for direct NOTE: Dissimilar metals may be used if or electrical contact for corrosion to occur the flow of water over the metals is as is when & more noble metal corrodes and shown above dissolves in water, then flows over the less noble one. The more noble metal will deposit on the less noble one with similar results to direct contact (2) Sacrificial protection (b) Material compatibility FIGURE 2.5 DISSIMILAR METALS 2.6 INERT CATCHMENT An inert catchment exists when roofing materials such as glazed tiles, prepainted metals, glass, acrylic, fibreglass, aluminium/zine steel, aluminium/zinc/magnesium alloy-coated steel, etc., are used. Rainfall flowing down these materials does not take metal salts or minerals into solution so the quality of the rainwater is virtually unchanged. High purity rainwater does not allow downstream galvanised gutters and flashings to form an erosion- resistant protective coating, as would be the case with non-inert catchments such as unglazed concrete tiles, galvanised steel or fibre cement [see Figures 2.6(A) and 2.6(B)]. This results in unsatisfactory performance and early replacement. Aluminium/zine alloy-coated steel, factory prepainted steel and aluminjum/zinc/magnesium alloy-coated steel are not affected by inert catchments. wen [Link]Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 wow [Link] a Roof: Galvani \ ungla: I, fibre cement, unsuitable FIGURE 2.6(A) ORIP SPOT CORROSION SA HB 39:2015 oN Gutter: Galvanised steel gutter © Standards Australia.SA HB 39:2015 2 See detail below ir dissolves in the Wve carbonic acid, when caused than dirt) ;- Carbon dioxide in the water forming a corro: solution (this 1s gre / by condensation th ‘The carbon dioxide is removed by the zinc coating (inc reacts with carbonic acid) Results zine oxi very strong coating Galvanised gutter Base metal DETAIL VIEW {@) No corrosion FIGURE 2.6(8) (in part) INERT CATCHMENT MECHANISMS Copyrighted material No further reproduction or dis © Standards Australia, we [Link].2uCopyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 2 SA HB 39:2015, See detail below Carbon dioxide in the air dissolves St carbon dioxide Sa / alloy-coated siee! or other inert rooting —The carbon dioxide reacts with material ———— the zinc coating forming a very week zinc carbonate coating Galvanised gutter ~ Base metal ‘The corrosion is very localised to the point of impact, causing initial corrosion followed by erosion of, DETAIL View the weak, protective coating (0) Corrosion FIGURE 2.6(B) (in part) INERT CATCHMENT MECHANISMS 2.7 CUT EDGE PROTECTION 2.7.1 General The sacrificial protection afforded the steel will delay corrosion of cut edges while there is zinc, aluminium/zine or aluminium/zinc/magnesium alloy coating in the vicinity of the cut edges. Almost every metal-coated steel product has the edges trimmed or cut and, when piercing ‘occurs within the sheet surface, a further ‘cut edge’ is generated, NOTE: Prime examples of such products are roofing and guttering, the total perimeter of which have trimmed edges. [Link] © Standards Australiaensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems Copyrighted material ribution permitted. Printed ’ viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 No further reproduction or di SA HR 39:2015 24 These items are first slit to width and then cropped to length. Holes are often pierced to accommodate fasteners and yet corrosion does not affect the steel’s useful life. Regardless of the environment, the more coating present, the more protection afforded 40 the steel, both on flat unmarked surfaces and at cut edges. Galvanic action causes zinc compounds to build up automatically at cut edges and scratches by an electrolytic reaction when water or moisture is present. 2.7.2 Cutting sheet ‘A clean sharp cut will protect itself; a burred and burnt edge will corrode and stain the downstream roof cover. ‘Never use carborundum discs to cut metallic roof sheets or accessories, Power saws with metal-cutting blades will produce fewer damaging particles and burring. Alternative cutting tools such as electric shears and nibblers are also suitable but care is to be taken to ensure the straightness of cuts. 2.8 MARKING OF ROOFING MATERIALS Any colour pencil, except black pencils, felt-tipped pens or a string line and chalk dust may be used to mark roofing materials for cutting. NOTES: 1 Black pencil marks can be a problem because the ‘lead’ is made from graphite and clay. Graphite is carbon which, when placed in contact with most metals, creates an electric cell when wet, This cell acts like a battery and chews at the metal surface leaving an indelible ‘mark. Caution should be taken when utilising chalk lines as some chalks are known to leave permanent marks, 2.9 SILICONE RUBBER SEALANT SELECTION AND APPLICATION The sealant industry in Australia produces a wide variety of building sealants, which together embrace a multitude of end use applications and an even greater range of conditions, The sealant providing the optimum properties relating to metal roofing is neutral-cure silicone rubber. Sealants are generally not classed as adhesives. Different metals require different sealants, but the same installation techniques are used. All surfaces to be bonded are to be clean and dry and free from contaminates such as old sealant or oil. Mineral turpentine is generally suitable, but care is necessary to ensure the complete removal of residual solvent. In the event that solvents such as xylol or toluol are used, gloves are to be worn for skin protection and adequate ventilation is to be provided, Surface preparation is to be carried out immediately before sealant application. The joint is to be finished as soon as practicable after sealant extrusion to prevent premature curing, ‘which may cause poor bonding to the second surface. Sealant manufacturers specify the maximum open time for sealants. For best practice, the appli (a) (b) ion of sealant is to be as follows (see Figure 2.9): Apply the sealant in @ continuous steady flow to achieve a fully filled void free joint. Apply the sealant throughout the line of intended fasteners for complete bonding to avoid entrapment of air and to ensure that the fasteners are thoroughly sealed within the lap, ‘The sealed lap is to be 25 mm. © Standards Australia wins [Link] ausensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. .d. Printed / viewed by:Lachlan. Nunn@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permi 2s SA HB 39:2015 Sealed aluminium rivets or solid fasteners are preferred and are to be spaced at no ‘more than 40 mm centres. (©) When complete, remove any excess sealant extruded ftom the lap by means of a plastic spatula. NOTE: This is preferable to wiping the surface with a cloth, which tends to contaminate the area with residual sealant and looks untidy when dust adheres to it. (a) Placement of sealant | at 4 : \_ Fully sealed (b) Fasteners: S Push along to clean off excess sealant a {c) Completed joint FIGURE 2.9 SEALANT JOINTS wow [Link] © Standards Australia.SA HB 39:2015 26 2.10 SYNTHETIC RUBBER FLASHINGS Like many other organic materials, synthetic rubber flashings such as ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and silicone are liable to undergo gradual degradation and change with the passage of time, The main cause is degradation by atmospheric oxygen, which may be aggravated by ultraviolet light (UV) or high temperature, resulting in loss of strength flexibility and other properties. The effect of light is confined to the surface and if the colour is black, the effect is generally negligible. In the case of non-black compounds, the type of processing oil has a significant effect on properties such as ageing, stain and UV resistance besides colour- fastness. It is generally accepted that carbon black is the best possible UV absorber for a rubber compound. Non-black compounds used for flashings utilise special UV absorbers, which produce comparable protection to carbon black A more serious surface effect is the cracking produced by traces of ozone in rubber that is, slightly stretched, say 10% to 20%. Even the minute amount of ozone present in the normal atmosphere (about I part per 10 million) can produce serious cracking if the rubber is not specially formulated to resist the effect. 2.11 MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF COMPOUNDS 2.11.1 Temperature range ‘The operating temperature ranges are as follows: (®) EPDM: -30°C to 115°C: continuous 116°C to 150°C: intermittent ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. () Silicone: ~60°C to 200°C: continuous 201°C to 250°C: 2.11.2 EPDM for normal conditions EPDM is specifically formulated to give exceptional resistance to ozone, UV and water. Synthetic rubbers will effectively seal and remain flexible over a wide range of temperature extremes, ermittent istribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Under normal weather and environmental conditions, life expectancy and effectiveness is approximately 20 y. 2.11.3 Silicone for specis Where flashings are required to withstand a greater range of temperatures, such as from steampipes, solid fuel heater flues and some water heater flues, special silicone units are available. The normal life of silicone units is approximately 20 y; however, continuous high temperature applications may affect the service life. Copyrighted material conditions No further reproduction or ‘woe [Link]Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduetion or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 27 SA HB 39:2015 2.11.4 Carbon black and corrosion Corrosion between dissimilar metals is @ well-understood phenomenon. Carbon black can be found in a range of items, is highly conductive and can initiate corrosion of metallic- coated steels, particularly in marine environments. By way of example: (a) The use of black ‘lead’ pencils on bare galvanised, aluminium/zinc alloy-coated, aluminium/zinc/magnesium alloy-coated and other coated steels allows the formation of corrosion in roofing products where the steel has been marked. In severe environments, this can result in severe knife-like corrosion of the metallic coating. (b) Carbon black washers can also initiate corrosion; hence, they are not to make contact with bare, prepainted metallic-coated steel or prepainted stainless steels. NOTE: Washers free of carbon black are readily available, (©) Carbon black can also be found in gutter mesh applications. These applications should not be used unless the manufacturer can provide evidence of testing against ASTM D257, which measures the current flow through a material, If the material has a reading greater than 0.5 x10 A, the material is not to be used in contact with repainted or bare metallic-coated steels. ww standards org.2u (© Standards AustraliaSA HB 39:2015 28 SECTION 3 MAINTENANCE AND CARE 3.1 SITE STORAGE Sheets that have become wet during transport should be unpacked immediately and each sheet dried thoroughly on both sides before stacking. Sheets should be stored clear of the ground under cover or, for outside storage, fully wrapped with tarpaulins or plastic sheeting with the sheet and wraps clear of the ground (see Figure 3.1), Ventilation Ventitation Ventilation Do Do Always store packed sheets Cover the sheets storad in the open horizontally in stacks, with with polythene or tarpaulin covers, with timber battens aligned plenty of ventilation (@) Suitable methods Don'T Allow packed sheets to be Allow loose sheets to be thrown down piled haphazardly like this—damage is bound to result .ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. (0) Unsuitable methods FIGURE 3.1 STORAGE 3.2. WALKING ON ROOFS Where a risk of fall exists, protection against falling is to be pro. mesh, hamess or perimeter protection (see Clause 4.2). led by way of safety Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 The surfaces of aluminium/zinc, aluminium/zine/magnesium-coated steel and aluminium are prone to ‘scuffing’ from footwear or heavy equipment dragged across the surface. As this affects the appearance if not the performance of the material, preventive measures to protect the surfaces are to be taken (see Clause 3.4), When walking on a roof, for best practice the following is to be observed (see Figure 3.2): (a) Always wear soft-soled shoes on the roof avoiding the ribbed types, which pick up and hold small stones and swarf. (b) On metal decking. (walk in the trays or on at least two ribs, as close as possible to the roofing support; (ii) distribute body weight evenly over the soles of the feet, trying not to concentrate weight on heels or toes; andCopyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 29 SA HB 39:2018, (iii) do not walk in the pan immediately adjacent to flashings or translucent sheeting—walk at least one pan away. () As sheets freshly taken from packs may have an oily surface, take care when walking over newly laid sheets before any oil has evaporated. trapezoidal roof Profile FIGURE 3.2 WALKING ON ROOFS 3.3 PROTECTION OF HEAVY TRAFFIC AREAS On commercial and industrial installations, where constant foot traffic is required for the ongoing maintenance of plant or equipment installed on the roof, permanent walkways compatible with the roofing material should be installed (sce Clauses 2.4 and 2.5). 3.4 TEMPORARY WALKWAYS If heavy roof traffic cannot be avoided during the installation process, it is important to protect the roof coverings by the installation of temporary walkways (see Figure 3.4). Temporary walkway Carpet underlay or similar —Shallow-pitched roof FIGURE 3.4 TEMPORARY WALKWAYS 3.3. CUTTING SHEETS ON SITE Sheets should be placed face down on padded protection to reduce potential damage to the surface. Abrasive dises are to be avoided as they create copious amounts of swarf and burred edges, both of which can cause unsightly rust stains. Steel cutting blades in minimum 4000 rpm saw, power shears, nibblers and slot-shears produce relatively clean sharp edges with a minimum of swarf (see Figure 3.5). Whenever possible, cutting should be done on the ground, and never over unprotected materials. [Link] © Standards Australia.ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. dd. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution perm 30 Clean cut edge benefits Burred edge too from sacrifice! protection wide for zine In of zine in coating Soating to protect Coating ~Z7ZZZZZZZZZZZIZ Coating —27ZZZZZZZZZZZZZE Steel f bees] Coating— 22ZZZZZZZZZZZZIE SECTION THROUGH SHEET SECTION THROUGH SHEET FIGURE 3.5 CUTTING STEEL SHEETS 3.6 CLEANING UP Normal installation practices such as drilling and cutting usually leave offeuts and metallic swarf on or around the roof area. These materials and all other debris, including blind rivet shanks, nails and screws are to be cleaned from the roof area and gutter regularly during the installation process as unsightly staining of the surface due to oxidation of the metal particles will result, leading to corrosion and possible failure of the roofing material or guttering. Where practicable, the entire installation should be cleaned down with a blower vac, swept or, alternatively, if a water supply is available, hosed down at the completion of the work. 3.7. UNWASHED AREAS Where exposed to the atmosphere in a sheltered situation such as under eaves, under solar hot water collectors or under photovoltaic panels, metal roofing will be more adversely affected than normally exposed sheeting (see Figure 3.7). Accelerated corrosion in these instances is caused by particles of dust (frequently acid-leden), salt and industrial fallout, which are deposited by the wind onto the metal surface. Because of the sheltered location, rain cannot wash them from the surface, allowing them to build up and react aggressively with the metal when damp. Metal roofing in such areas should be regularly washed with fresh water and mild detergent solution to remove grime, which would otherwise generate early corrosion, NOTE: Any chemicals used for roof cleaning should be carefully selected to ensure they do not pose @ risk to human health, and consideration should be given to the temporary disconnection of rainwater storage tanks utilised for drinking water during the cleaning process. www [Link]31 SA HB 39:2015 FIGURE 3.7 TYPICAL UNWASHED AREAS 3.8 SURFACE DAMAGE. ‘There are occasions when a prepainted surface can be scratched or slightly damaged. The general rules a (@) Do not use paint spray cans to touch up seratches. () Ifyou cannot see the scratch from the ground, balcony, window, leave it alone. (©) If damage is severe, the sheets in question are to be replaced. 3.9. STRIPPABLE COATINGS ied. Printed ’ viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Prepainted metal roofing components are often supplied with a protective plastic film. The protection is provided to prevent damage to the painted surface during forming, delivery and fabrication. It is essential that the film be removed either prior to or during actual installation or immediately after. ‘The film is to be removed from areas to be lapped so that metal to metal joints can be achieved rather than have the film sandwiched within the laps. Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. WARNING: SOME TYPES OF PROTECTIVE PLASTIC FILM ON ROOF COMPONENTS ARE AFFECTED BY SUNLIGHT AND ARE TO BE STORED IN THE SHADE. IF ANY SIGNIFICANT EXPOSURE TO SUNLIGHT HAS OCCURRED, REMOVAL CAN BE DIFFICULT IF NOT IMPOSSIBLE. 3.10 ROOF NOISE—RAIN AND HAIL The use of insulating blanketing placed over a foil laminate will reduce noise levels. The laminate is to be pulled taut enough to hold the blanket hard against the underside of the roofing (see Figure 3.10). ‘NOTE: Appropriate protecti No further reproduction or distribution permi clothing should be worn when working with fibreglass insulation. Actual contact dampens rain-induced vibration at the point of impact and marked noise reduction is achieved. www [Link] © Standards Australia.2 For purlin spacing of over 1200 mm, wire mesh is needed to support the blanket and to ‘ensure contact is maintained. It has to be ensured that the mesh is not over-tightened, as the roof deck may be difficult to install Insulation wool blankets up to a thickness of 125 mm for pierced decking and 50mm for concealed fastened profiles will compress sufficiently over the supports to allow normal sheet fixing procedures to proceed; however, the length of the fasteners is to be increased slightly to allow for the thickness of the compressed blanket between the sheeting and support (see Figure 3.10). In addition to noise reduction, the wool blanket will improve the thermal insulation value of, the roof system. Roof Ingulation woo! Double-sided Wire mesh sheeting bianke reflective foil laminate ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 NOTE: This Figure is reproduced in adapted form with permission from BlueScope Stee! Limited trading as BueScope Lysaght FIGURE 3.10 ROOF NOISE 3.11 THERMAL STRESS Expansion and contraction of pierce-fastened steel roof sheeting due to temperature changes within the sheeting, particularly caused by passing clouds or a strong breeze, can sometimes result in noise from the roof, This noise is generally minor, but it is possible for louder noises to be generated by friction between the sheeting and roof structure. Expansion, if suppressed until the stress build-up exceeds the frictional resistance, results in sudden release, producing a series of sharp cracks © Standards Australia ww [Link]Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 33 SA HB 39:2015 This problem, although not common, is usually associated with high solar absorptance dark coloured prepainted sheeting fastened directly to timber supports, which have a high coefficient of friction, due to particular sap content or painted surface. This, combined with the tendency of the underside of the sheeting to stick, results in additional friction. The situation is more pronounced with high solar absorptance dark colours due to theit higher heat absorption, which increases the temperature and, therefore, the thermal movement. The risk of this occurring may be reduced by using lower solar absorptance dark colours, which are now widely available, or by inserting a separation membrane between the sheets and the supports to lower the resistance to movement (see Figure 3.11). Reflective foil laminate, often used to provide a vapour and heat barrier, can operate as a separation membrane and assist in reducing the friction. Insulation blankets will perform a similar fun ‘Slip! membrane Roof deck —Timber purlins or battens FIGURE 3.11 SEPARATION MEMBRANE 3.12. SUNSCREEN AND PREPAINTED METAL SHEETS Given the outdoor nature of roofing and walling installation, suitable precautions should be taken to prevent personal sun damage. It has been found that certain sunscreens containing, semi-conducting metal oxides such as titanium dioxide (TiO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) can accelerate the degradation of organic materials, including paint systems For personal safety, and to protect the surface of prepainted steel, it is recommended to— (a) wear clean, dry, cut-resistant gloves that are suitable for the task; (b) _ take suitable protection against personal sun damage, and (©) prevent contact of the painted surface with titanium dioxide (TiO3) and zine oxide (ZnO) containing sunscreens. wore [Link].2u © Standards AustrSA MB 39:2015 34 SECTION 4 ROOF SAFETY 4.1 EYE AND SKIN PROTECTION Codes of practice and guidance material have been developed in each State and Territory. They contain specific guidance for persons working in conditions subject to UV radiation, including information for adopting a risk management approach for sun protection at work. Following the guidance will ensure standards of safety and welfare, as required under the Work Health and Safety Act and Work Health and Safety Regulations, are achieved. Persons who work on roofs need to take extra care of eyes and skin, because ultraviolet radiation reflects off roof coverings, roof insulation, concrete and all light covered surfaces, creating increased levels of radiation. Damage is permanent and irreversible and increases with each exposure. Wind-burn can only dry the skin but, often, what is considered to be wind-burn may in fact be a severe ultraviolet radiation burn. also create conditions Cloudy days, where ultraviolet light is scattered in all directions, for very high doses of radiation Some substances can cause photosensitivity. Photosensitivity is an abnormally high reactivity in the skin or eyes to UV radiation or natural sunlight. It may be induced by ingestion, inhalation or skin contact with certain substances known as photosensitisers. Symptoms will vary with the amount of UV radiation, type and amount of photosensitiser, skin type, age and sex of the person exposed. iewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Ingestion or topical application of particular medications may cause photosensitivity in some individuals. ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. .d. Printed Photosensitivity may occur in every person. It is usually dose related and may not happen the first time the medication is taken. NOTE: It should be stressed that administration of the medication should not stop until medical advice has been sought. Avoiding exposure to direct sunlight will control the photosensitivity. A doctor or pharmacist should be consulted about the availability of alternative medications. It is the ultraviolet (UV) radiation component of sunlight that is harmful; and the level of ‘UV radiation is not directly related to temperature or brightness of sunlight. This means that harm can still occur on cool or cloudy days during the peak UV periods of the year. Exposure to high UV Index levels can contribute to skin cancer. NOTE: The UV index is a measure of UV radiation and the higher the index value the greater the potential for damage to skin. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution perm Under Australian Occupational Health and Safety legislation, employers are to consider steps to reduce this risk and protect employees from ongoing exposure to solar UV radiation, which can lead to skin cancer. Implementing a comprehensive sun protection program, which includes a range of simple protective measures, can prevent sun-related injuries and reduce the suffering and costs associated with skin cancer, including reduced productivity, morale and financial returns. Conduct a risk assessment to identify employees performing roof work, who have a high risk of exposure to solar UV radiation, and work situations where exposure to solar UV radiation occurs and consider the following protective measures: (a) Engineering controls, which are measures that reduce exposure to solar UV radiation by a physical change to the work environment. © Standards Australia one [Link].2u35 SA MB 39:2015 () Administrative controls, which are measures that reduce exposure to solar UV radiation by a change in work procedure and the way work is organised, such as— (i considering changes to outdoor work schedules to minimise exposure; (ii) providing training to roof workers to enable them to work safely in the sun; and (iii) issuing SunSmart UV alerts and informing employees when it is necessary to use sun protection control measures. (©) Personal protective equipment and clothing, which are measures that reduce exposure to solar UV radiation by providing a personal barrier between roof workers’ eyes and skin and the hazard. Employees also have a duty to take care of their own health and safety and cooperate with employers” efforts to improve health and safety. To work safely in the sun, employees are to follow workplace sun protection policies and procedures, attend training and follow instructions and advice provided, and use supplied protective equipment as instructed (see Figure 4.1). 2500 2000 EXTREME 1500 +1450 Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 VERY HIGH ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. 1000 UVB IRRADIANCE, mw/m? 500 350 MODERATE 4 6 8 10 1 14) 8 1B 20 TIME, hours Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distributi FIGURE 4.1 AMOUNT OF UV RECEIVED ON A SUMMER DAY 4.2, FALL PROTECTION Various publications, regulations, codes of practice and guidance materials that deal with the risk of falls from heights are available from States and Territories. These include: (a) Managing the risk of falls at workplaces Code of Practice 201] (December 2011), Workplace Health and Safety Queensland. (b) Preventing falls in housing construction, Code of Practice (July 2012), Safe Work Australia. NOTE: Preventing falls in housing construction, Code of Practice, provides practical guidance for employers and employees on ways to effectively manage the risks associated ‘with working at height in the housing/construction sector and prescribes circumstances in which the provision of physical fall prevention measures are required. Preventing falls in housing, Code of Practice is an advisory document. standards. 01g.SA HB 39.2015 36 Each of these regulations, codes of practice and guidance materials on fall protection have specific criteria for how to manage the risk associated with falls from heights and have been developed or adopted in each State and Territory. They contain practical guidance for persons exposed to a risk of a fall and others in the vicinity, including information for adopting a tisk management approach for all work at height, emergency and rescue procedures as well as detailed guidance when working at 2 m and above and they are to be followed. Each jurisdiction will make a decision on the adoption of the National Code of practice or any other code of practice or guidance material The preferred fall protection method to control a risk of a fall over 2m requires the minimisation of the fall risk by ensuring that a passive fall prevention device, a work positioning system or a fall arrest system is used before implementing a lesser control under regulation. The protection measures are to include: com @ 01/04/2021 (Ensuring that a fall prevention system used in the business or undertaking is designed, manufactured and installed so as to be capable of bearing the weight of a person who (or object that) could fall (ii) Ensuring that an anchorage point in a fall prevention system used in the business or undertaking is designed, manufactured and installed so as to be capable of bearing the weight of a person who (or object that) could fall (iii) Providing guardrailing as a passive fall prevention device in the vicinity of any opening through which (or any edge over which) a person or object could fall. (iv) Ensuring that any ladder used to minimise risk is fit for purpose, appropriate for the duration of the work and set up correctly. (v) Ensuring emergency and rescue procedures are developed to provide emergency assistance to any person using a fall prevention system or ladder. ‘A risk assessment is to be conducted to identify employees performing roof work who have @ high risk of exposure to a fall and consideration given to the following in the order of priority or hierarchy of control: ensed to SA! Global for Syfon Systems (A) Any work that may involve a fall hazard is to be carried out on the ground or on 2 solid construction. (B) A passive fall prevention device is to be used, that is plant, equipment or material that is designed to prevent a fall and after installation does not require ongoing adjustment, alteration or operation to maintain its ability to prevent a fall such as a temporary work platform, roof safety mesh or guardrailing. Persons are to avoid walking or standing on the mesh except in recovery from a fall (see Clause 4.4). NOTES: 1 Temporary work platform means a fixed, mobile or suspended scaffold, elevated work platform, mast climbing work platform, a work box support by a crane, hoist, forklift truck or other mechanical plant, building maintenance equipment, portable or mobile fabricated platform or temporary platform that provides a work area and is designed to prevent a fall. 2. Safety mesh is not intended as provision for access or a working platform. Copyrighted material ction or distribution permitted. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@syfon. (©) A work positioning system is to be used, that is any plant, equipment or structure, other than a temporary work platform, that enables a person or thing to be positioned and safely supported at a location for the duration of the relevant work being carried out (e.g. an industrial rope access system or travel restraint system). No further reprodu: A travel restraint system means plant or equipment that is worn or attached to a person and designed to prevent the person from reaching an edge or elevated surface from which the person could fall; for example a harness or belt that is attached to one or more lanyards, each attached in turn to a static line or anchorage point. © Standards Australia ww [Link].04Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 ‘wow standaré[Link] au a (D) A fall arrest system is to be used, that is plant, equipment or material designed to arrest a fall to prevent injury to a person [e.g. an industrial safety net, catch platform or safety harness system (not a travel restraint system)] (E) A ladder is used, which is fit for purpose, appropriate for the duration of the work and set up correctly. 4.3, WORK ON EXISTING ROOFS 43.1, General When existing roofs are to be repaired or maintenance is to be undertaken, particular attention is to be paid to the fall protection controls given in Clause 4.2 and the following, as required: (a) _ Identifying the existing material on the roof. (b) _ Inspecting the material to determine its condition. (©) Determining whether safety mesh is in existence and its condition. (4) Inspecting the support structure of the roof to determine its soundness. (©) Identifying any penetrations, skylights, ete, and securing, Always remember the following: @ If the material on the roof is not immediately identifiable or in sound condition, assume the roof is fragile. (ii) Place warning signs at any opening or point wherefrom persons can gain access to the roof, to warn them of the dangerous and hazardous situation 4.3.2. Fragile roofs Regulations, codes of practice and guidance material for working on a fragile surface have been developed in each State and Territory. They contain specific guidance for those who carry out work on, or in the vicinity of, any fragile surface. Following the guidance will ensure standards of safety and welfare, as required under the Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act and Regulations, are achieved. Although preparation and planning is of vital importance in any area of roofing work, it is particularly important to take special care when working on, or in the vicinity of, a fragile roof. For best practice, consideration and provision for the following is to be taken, given the site conditions: (a) Ensuring that a passive fall prevention device is used to safeguard the surface against persons walking or placing items on the surface. (b) Ensuring the surface, including the underside, is inspected to determine the extent of its fragility, and warning signs are in place. (c) Implementing the fall protection controls measures of Clause 4.2. 4.3.3. General handling Regulations, codes of practice and guidance material for manual handling and the use of plant have been developed in each State and Territory. They contain specific guidance for those who carry out manual handling tasks and use plant such as access and lifting equipment. Following the guidance will ensure standards of safety and welfare, as required under the Work Health and Safety (WHS) Act and Regulations, are achieved. © Standards Australia8 43.4 On-site storage Particular attention is to be paid to the following: (a) Roof sheeting is normally delivered to the site in strapped bundles if intended for direct lifting on to a roof, or delivered loose if being stored for uplifting to the roof as, required. Bundles of sheets being stored on site are to be stacked clear of the ground and protected from rain with waterproof covers (see Clause 3.1). () Moisture can penetrate between the surface of stacked sheets by capillary action or wind and can cause deterioration of the surface coating, resulting in poor appearance or a shortened life expectancy. If sheets become wet, they are to be wiped with a clean cloth and stacked to dry (see Clause 3.1), 43.5 ing to roof When craning long lengths from truck to roof, a spreader bar with a fabric sling is to be used, Otherwise, sheets may be unloaded and passed up to the roof singly. Gloves should be ‘worn to protect the hands. 43.6 Roof traffie Roof lights installed on roof areas are not to be walked on. 4.4 SAFETY MESH 44.1 General ‘Where required by AS 1562.3, safety mesh is to be fitted in roof construction under plastic roof cladding materials for Class 1 and Class 10, and Class 2 and Class 9 buildings, as defined in the NCC. 4.4.2. Fall protection ensed to SA Global for Syfon Systems. ed. Printed | viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Whenever work is to be carried out within 2 m of any edge on a new or existing roof from which any person could fall, provision is to be made to prevent persons falling in accordance with the relevant regulations, codes of practice and guidance material on fall protection that have been developed and or adopted in each State and Territory in conjunction with appropriate edge and perimeter protection. One of the preferred systems for protection against injury through falling in the sheet laying process is the provision of a permanent wire safety mesh over the area to be roofed. NOTE: Safety mesh installed beneath metallic roof coverings is a common installation fall protection measure only. 4.4.3. Fixing methods Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution perm For best practice, the method of fixing the mesh to the purlins is as follows: (a) Pass each longitudinal wire through a hole drilled in the top of the purlin and tie off with at least four full turns around the wire, as shown in Figure 4.4.3(A). Where the mesh is to be fixed to timber purlins, use 40 mm x 3.5 mm staples. (b) Side lap the runs of mesh by 150 mm (one opening width). Where the purlin spacing exceeds 1.7m, provide intermediate fixing with 40 mm x 2mm staples. Carry out intermediate stapling of the mesh from underneath, (©) Where it is necessary to make longitudinal joins, the knot and tie is to be the full length of the tail wire, which is 300 mm in length. Tie the tail wire at least four times around the knot. Then place the other wire under the wire and tie. The 300 mm tail wire may be achieved by cutting the longitudinal wire close to a join. The join is to be the full width of the mesh with every longitudinal wire joined. Any variation to the recommended method of tying is to be avoided. Figure 4.4.3(B) illustrates the tying procedure. © Standards Australia, wow [Link]39 SA HB 39:2015 s passed Longitudinal wi through holes dri in purlins \ Longitudinal wires wrapped ‘around steel or wood purlins Longitudinal wires passed: through staples, 40 mm long x @ 3.5 mm FIGURE 4.4.3(A) WIRE FIXING ensed to SAl Global for Syfon Systems. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permitted, Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 www [Link] © Standards Australia.Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 SA HB 39:2015 40 Longitudinal wires 7 300 mm approx Gross wires —E oe Ww (@) Step 4 (0) Stop 2 fs t | , (0) Step 8 (9) Stop 4 FIGURE 4.4.3(B) LONGITUDINAL WIRE JOINTING 4.4.4 Installation methods For best practice, when installing the mesh, the installation is to be as follows: @) (b) © @ © Standards Australia, The mesh is to be cut to length from the roll or ordered (from the supplier) to the correct length, and run out over the roof using a continuous rope system. Fall protection will be required by the person(s) running out the continuous rope. Figure 4.4.4 shows a method for installing the mesh. [As much of the roof framing as is erected is to be meshed out prior to loading the roof with bundles of decking Persons engaged in the installation of the mesh to be protected against injury by falling, taking into consideration the fall protection measures of Clause 4.2. Mesh to not be over-tightened, as difficulty in laying roof decking may occur.Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 a SA HB 39:2015 Mesh can be installed safely trom scaffolding positioned at each end of the roof FIGURE 4.4.4 INSTALLATION OF MESH 4.4.5. Mesh requirements The mesh and its installation is to comply with AS/NZS 4389, a summary of which is as follows: (a) The mesh to comprise 2 mm diameter wite of not less than 450 MPa tensile strength, electrically welded into a mesh having longitudinal wire spacings of 150mm and cross-wire spacings of 300 mm. (b) A test certificate issued by a laboratory accredited by signatories to the Intemational Laboratory Accreditation Corporation (ILAC) through their Mutual Recognition ‘Agreement (MRA) showing that a sample of the mesh had successfully undergone the required tests is to be available, NOTES: 1 In Australia, an ILAC MRA signatory is the National Association of Testing Authorities (NATA), 2. This evidence is not required if the safety mesh has been labelled by the manufacturer to indicate that it complies with AS/NZS 4389, (©) Mesh to be used under translucent sheeting to be able to withstand a 1.1 kN concentrated load placed at any location. Certified and approved securely fixed mesh, as detailed above, will offer long-term protection against falling for maintenance and repair workers in addition to providing fall protection for the original roof installation workers. 4.8 HARNESSES Safety harnesses are an essential part of a roofer’s equipment and should be used when there are no other options available, such as when re-roofing (an information course in the correct choice and use of safety harnesses is recommended). For best practice, the following is to be applied: (a) Parachute type full body hamess, connected to the lanyard o lifeline at the top dorsal position, to be worn by the roofer. (b) An alternative attachment position to be provided; that is where a lifeline and rope~ grab device to be used on steeply sloping roofs, whereby the user will need to ‘manually operate the mechanism by having the device in front, and connect the device onto a D-ring on the side of the belt (©) Waist type belts not to be used for roof work ww [Link] (© Standards Australiaensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. .d. Printed viewed by:Lachlan. Nunn@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permi SAME 39:2015 2 (d)__ Inertia reels are not designed for continuous support but become effective by locking the system in the event of a fall. They are not to be used to support the user during normal work. (e) Independent fall arrest systems and safety hamesses to be used only when the individual components are known to be compatible. 4.6 USE OF LADDERS When using ladders, particular attention is to be paid to the following points, which have been summarised from AS/NZS 1892.5: (@) Ladders are to comply with AS/NZS 1892.5 and be of industrial grade. (b) Ladders are to be maintained in a sound condition; damaged or defective ladders are not to be used (©) No ladders other than a trestle Iadder are to be used to support a plank from which a person is required to work, (Ladders are not to be used as guys, braces, struts, beams or skids or for anything other than their proper purpose. (©) Access to and from all working platforms and intermediate access platforms is to be provided by means of single ladders (not exceeding 9m) unless permanent or temporary stairways, suitable ramps or runways, or other suitable means of access is provided. 4.7 ACCESS LADDERS AND ACCESS PLATFORMS When using access ladders and access platforms, the following steps, summarised from AS 1657, are to be implemented: (a) Aluminium ladders are not to be used in the vicinity of uninsulated electrical power lines. (b) Ladders are to be provided at horizontal intervals not greater than 15 m. (c) Ladders are to extend to the full height of the scaffolding. (d) Ladders are to rise above each access platform to the minimum prescribed distance, in accordance with each State’s and Territory’s legislation. (e) Ladders are to be secured against displacement at their head and base. (Access platforms are to be provided at working platforms levels and at the head and base of every ladder in such a manner as not to encroach on the working platform. (g) Access platforms are to be constructed as in a bay of the class of scaffolding being used. (b) Where a \dder passes through an opening in the floor of an access platform, such to be as small as is reasonably practicable and is to be protected by handrails where necessary. (i The vertical distance between any two successive platforms is not to exceed 7.3 m. Bach ladder is to be offset from the ladder immediately below. (k) Each ladder is to be fixed so that the slope is not less than one horizontally to four vertically (1 in 4) and not more than 1 in 6, © Standards Australia ‘woew [Link].2u8 SA HB 39:2018 4.8 SINGLE AND EXTENSION LADDERS For best practice, when using single and extension ladders, the following steps are to be observed: (a) Single ladders greater than 9 m in length are not to be used. (b) Extension ladders of maximum extended length greater than 15 m are not to be used. (c) Single extension ladders are to be secured so that they cannot move from their top or bottom points of rest or alternatively a person is to be stationed at the base to prevent the ladder from slipping. (4) Where work is performed from a single or extension ladder, the ladder is to rise to a height of at least 1 m above the highest rung to be reached by the feet of the person working from the ladder. NOTE: Checks should be made with the relevant authority for additional requirements when ‘working from single and extension ladders, (©) Single ladders are not to be joined together to make a longer ladder. (Single and extension ladders with a wire-reinforced stile are not to be used in the vicinity of uninsulated electrical power lines. (e) Single and extension ladders are to be used at such an angle that the horizontal distance from the top support to the foot of the ladder is approximately equal to one quarter of the length of the ladder. ted. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Copyrighted material licensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems No further reproduction or distribution pert ww [Link]“ SECTION 5 ROOF DRAINAGE 5.1 SCOPE OF SECTION This Section sets out guidelines for the manufacture and fitting of internal and external metal gutters, downpipes, sumps and rainheads. Although box gutters, valley gutters and soaker gutters are all forms of internal gutter, they are each discussed separately for the sake of clarity. Siphonic drainage systems are site-specific roof stormwater drainage systems outside the scope of this document. They are designed by a manufacturer of the system for specific application. Siphonic drainage systems, associated gutters, overflow provisions and auxiliary components are to be designed and installed in accordance with the hydraulic engineers design specifications in line with the manufacturer's specifications. 5.2. MATERIALS ASINZS 2179.1 provides requirements for materials, particularly with respect to the compatibility of materials in contact with run-off from the roof (see also Section 2). In addition, the following criteria, summarised from AS/NZS 2179.1, are to be applied for all roof drainage components: (a) Minimum thickness of sheet material—to be as given in the appropriate Tables in Section 2. (6) Expansion components—to be installed so that longitudinal expansion and contraction does not damage any components, joint or accessory. (©) Sizing of components—as specified in AS/NZS 3500.3 or AS/NZS 3500.5. ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. No further reproduction or distribution permitted. Printed ' viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 The jointing of components is to be as stated in Clause 5.8, 5.3. BOX GUTTERS UP TO 600 mm 5.3.1 Overflow provision and size To protect buildings from a total or partial blockage of outlets, downpipes or stormwater drains, it is essential that box gutters discharge all roof water clear of the building via overflows. To ensure that adequate overflow provisions are made and any surcharge is accommodated, the overflow weir of any rainhead is to be not less than 25 mm below the sole of the gutter discharging to the rainhead. Box gutter sumps are to be fitted with overflow ducts, overflow channels or high capacity overflow devices [see Figure 5.3.1(a)]. Copyrighted material Particular attention is to be paid to the following (see Figure 5.3.1): (a) The size of overflows are to be calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 3500.3. (b) _ Overflows are to be terminated in such a way as to prevent damage to buildings and property. (©) The hydraulic capacity of overflow devices are to be not less than the design flow for the associated gutter outlets and discharge to atmosphere. NOTE: For the design of appropriate overflow devices such as rainhead, sump/side overflow and sump/high capacity overflow devices, see AS/NZS 3500.3. © Standares Australia wow [Link]45 SA HB 39:2015, ~Box gutter (8) Rainhead {Overflow duct or channet Box gutter Downpipe (b) Sump/side overtiow device icensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. (ed. Printed / viewed by:[Link]@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 Box gutter Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permi Downpipe {c) Sump/high capacity overflow device (see AS/NZS 9500.2) NOTES: 1 Layout of sump/side overflow device may have to be varied due to constraints [see Figure 5.3.1(8)) 2 Where desired, the sides of the sump/high-capacity overflow device may be perforated to flush the downpipe (F), a8 shown in ilustration (c). 3. The normal outlet may be moved long ly to enable better inspection and maintenance access. FIGURE 5.3.1 OVERFLOW PROVISION ‘wow [Link].2u © Standards AustraliaSA HB 39:2015 46 5.3.2 Gutter installation In the installation of box gutters, lear gutters and associated equipment and components, particular attention is to be paid to the following: (a) Lead gutters Lead gutters are not to be used on any roof if the roof is part of a drinking water catchment area. (b) Maximum length Box gutters are not to exceed the recommended maximum length given in Table 5.3.2 without the installation of appropriate expansion joints {see Figures 5.3.2(B) and 5.3.2(C)]. (©) Expansion joint saddles Double-ended expansion joints will need a clear space of not less than 50 mm between stop ends. The whole of the expansion joint is to be flashed with a saddle flashing as shown in Figure 5.3.2(B). The saddle flashing is not to be fastened to the gutter. (@) Synthetic rubber Where utilised, synthetic rubber expansion joints are to be installed at the highest point of the gutter and fully supported by the gutter profile to prevent damage to the joint. Gutters are to be lapped under the synthetic joint by a minimum. 50mm, (e) Freeboard Box gutters calculated in accordance with AS/NZS 3500.3 include a 25 mm allowance for freeboard to prevent wind driven spillages. (®Overhang Roof coverings discharging into a gutter to overhang the back of gutters by 50 mm and have the trays turned down 20 mm at 45°. NOTE: Roof coverings discharging into the gutter should not overhang the gutter so as to ‘make maintenance of the gutter impracticable. (g) Sizing Box gutters to be sized in accordance with AS/NZS 3500.3 to effectively collect and discharge all roof water with an overflow risk of 1 in 100y. As an example for commercial or industrial installations, gutters to have a minimum size of not less than 300 mm wide and 75 mm deep at the high end; for domestic installations a minimum size of not less than 200mm wide and 75mm deep at the high end commensurate to the roof catchment area serviced by that gutter. NOTE: Box gutters 200 mm wide are more prone to blockages and should be subject to more frequent inspections and maintenance. (h) Tapered sole The sole width of a box gutter is not to be reduced towards the outlet without a proportional increase in depth. ensed to SAI Global for Syfon Systems. xd. Printed viewed by:Lachlan. Nunn@[Link] @ 01/04/2021 (i) Fall or slope Box gutters to be installed with a minimum uniform fall of 1 in 200 towards the outlet. Copyrighted material No further reproduction or distribution permi (Gutter upstand Box gutters to be installed without gaps between the underside of the roof coverings and the top of the gutter upstand or alternatively be provided with suitable hanging flashings with weathering folds. () Lap joints Lap joints of box gutters to have 25 mm laps sealed and fastened in the direction of fall. () Gutter design Box gutters to be straight (without change of direction). (im) Guiter profile In a cross-section, box gutters to have a horizontal constant width base (sole) with vertical sides. [For gutter profiles see Figure 5.3.2(A).] ‘NOTE: Where appropriate, internal gutters may also be constructed with a horizontal constant width base (sole), single vertical side with lear, double vertical side with lear or single or double lear extending under the roof coverings, provided the effective area of the gutter is appropriately sized for the roof catchment area. V-shaped gutters are not to be used. (a) Gutters seal Box gutters to be sealed to the rainheads and sumps. © Standards Australia. wow [Link]