Series test Short answers

CH # 1
1. What is meant by integrated disease management (IDM)?
2. Define ecosystem with an example.
3. What is good and productive theory?
4. Define bioremediation and endangered species.
5. How is Biology important to control diseases in man?
6. How does a biome differ from a biosphere?
7. How are the tissues more complex in animals as compared to plants?
8. How do you define biosphere as a global ecosystem?
9. What are bioindicators?
10. What is Hydroponic culture technique? Give its uses.
11. Differentiate between Chemotherapy and Gene Therapy.
12. How a biologist can help to reduce environmental pollution?

CH # 2
i. Show peptide bond between two amino acids.

ii. Draw the chemical formulae of (D-Fructose) and (D-Glucose).

iii. Differentiate the nucleosides and Nucleotides.

iv. What are nucleohistones?

v. What is the function of ribosomal RNA?

vi. Write down two differences between DNA and RNA.

vii. What is Biochemistry? Give its importance.

viii. What are terpenoids? Give example.

ix. What F. Sanger concluded about insulin?

x. What are anabolic and catabolic reactions?

xi. What is the general formula of amino acid?

 xii. Discuss Alpha Helix and Beta pleated sheet.

xiii. Write short note on Watson and Crick model.

xiv. What is Chargaff rule?

xv. What is peptide linkage? Give structure of glycylalanine.

xvi. Discuss structure of cell wall.

xvii. Draw the chemical formulae of (D-Fructose) and (D-Glucose).

xviii. Differentiate the nucleosides and Nucleotides.

xix. Draw the chemical formulae of (D-Fructose) and (D-Glucose).

xx. Differentiate the nucleosides and Nucleotides

CH # 3
How does the digestive tract is protected by the action of pepsin?

1. How is the substrate concentration related to enzyme reaction?

2. How is the feedback inhibition of enzyme system regulated?
3. Differentiate between reversible and irreversible inhibitors.
4. Define prosthetic group and activator. Give differences.
5. What is the significance of induced fit model in catalysis?

6. Give differences between prosthetic group and activator.

7. Define co-factor. What is its function?

8. What is the role of enzyme concentration on the rate of enzyme action?

9. Write down the effect of high temperature on an enzyme?

10. Differentiate between reversible and irreversible inhibitor.

11. How temperature affects the rate of enzyme action?

12. What happens to enzyme structure when a substrate combines with it, according to Induced
Fit Model?
CH # 4
Differentiate between phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

1. Write down salient features of "Cell Theory."

2. Give the role and composition of the cytoskeleton.
3. What are storage diseases? Give the name of two storage diseases in humans.
4. Define the term Polysome. Also, give its function.
5. What do you know about autophagy, and how is it important for the cell?
6. Define the term sacculus.
7. What is Cell Fractionation Technique?
8. Differentiate between mononucleate and binucleate cells. Give examples.
9. Differentiate between cisterna and cristae.
10. What are Peroxisomes? Give their functions.
11. Differentiate between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

CH # 5
10. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. What is meant by it?

11. Why are paramyxoviruses famous?

12. What is reverse transcriptase?

13. Differentiate between prion and virion.

14. What are capsids made up of?

15. What is hepatitis? Which hepatitis is called serum hepatitis?

CH # 6
1. Differentiate between Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.

2. Differentiate between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

3. What are mesosomes and also give its functions?

4. What is heterocyst? Give its importance.

5. What is the contribution of Louis Pasteur in microbiology?

6. Name four distinct phases of bacterial growth.

7. Differentiate between microbicidal and microbiostatic effect.

8. Give germ theory of diseases

CH # 7
Why are limestone deposits formed from foraminiferans rather than actinopods?

12. Differentiate between micronucleus and macronucleus in ciliates.

13. Why do biologists regard protists' kingdom as a polyphyletic group?
14. How was the pathogen of potatoes responsible for the Irish famine?
15. Give the importance of Physarum polycephalum.
16. Why are green algae considered ancestral organisms of green land plants?

17. How flagellates obtain food?

18. Differentiate between Forminiferans and Actinopods.

19. Write symptoms of Malaria and their cause.

20. What is Chlorella? Give its role.

21. Give importance of algae.

22. What are water molds or oomycotes?

23. What is Trypanosoma? Name the disease caused by it.

24. How Algae is different from plant?

13. CH # 8
How are heterokaryotic hyphae formed?
 14. What are the key symbiotic associations formed by fungi?
15. To which phyla do yeasts belong? How do they differ from other fungi?
16. Name the fruiting body of fungi, Ascomycota, and Basidiomycota.
17. Differentiate between obligate parasites and facultative parasites.
18. Define the dikaryotic phase with an example.
19. Differentiate between ascus and basidium.
20. Fungi are well adapted to land. Give reasons.
21. Explain different economic losses due to fungi.
22. What is the economic importance of fungi?
23. State the names of two plant and animal diseases caused by fungi.
1. What is ergotism? How is it caused?
What are haustoria?
2. Differentiate between rusts and smuts.
3. What is mycorrhiza?
4. Write a note on Ascomycota.
5. How does budding differ from fragmentation?
6. Describe in detail Basidiomycota.
7. What is nuclear mitosis?
8. Fungi are active predators. Justify this statement.
9. What are lichens?
10. State the names of two plant and animal diseases caused by fungi.
11. Differentiate between mycelium and hyphae.
24.

1) CH # 9
Name the classes of division bryophyte.
2) What is protonema?
3) Define Alternation of generations.
4) Differentiate between gymnosperms and angiosperms
5) Differentiate between microgametophyte and megagametophyte.
6) Write the botanical name of two plants that belong to family Solanaceae.
7) Differentiate between Ovule and Integuments
8) What are the Monoecious Plants?
9) Give two important features of Lycopsida.
10) What is the Phylogenetic system of classification?
11) Define circinate vernation. Give an example
12) What are the fronds?
13) Differentiate b/w homospory and heterospory.
14) Why bryophytes are called amphibious plants?
What are paraphyses?

1. CH # 10
What are spicules?
2. How reproduction occurs in Platyhelminthes?
3. What is haemocyanin?
4. Differentiate between gastropods and cephalopods.
5. What are tetrapoda?
6. How mammals have evolved from reptilian ancestors?
7. What is mesogloea and spongocoel?
8. What are prototherian animals?
9. How sponges reproduce?
10. How locomotion takes place in annelids?
11. Write down four harmful effects of insects.
12. Name any two Larvae found in Echinoderms.
13. Write down some general characteristics of class chondrichthyes.
14. What do you know about class hirudinea?
15. What is Mantle?

15) CH # 11
Define Bioenergetics.
16) What are Bacteriochlorophylls?
17) Differentiate between photosystem I and photosystem II.
18) What is Z-scheme of phosphorylation?
19) What is role of Oxygen in respiration?
20) What is biological oxidation?
21) How it was proved that oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from water and not from
CO₂?
22) What is chemiosmosis?
23) Differentiate between Chlorophyll 'a' and chlorophyll 'b'. (Formulae)
24) What is the role of antenna complex in photosynthesis?
25) What is Rubisco? Write down its function.

Write down phases of aerobic cellular respiration.

1. Give the function of spectrophotometer.

2. Define Calvin cycle. Where does it occur?
3. Mention two differences between photosynthesis and respiration.
4. Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
5. Write down phases of aerobic cellular respiration.

25. CH # 12
Differentiate between peristalsis and anti peristalsis.
26. Write down the ingredients of saliva
27. Enlist the processes involved in holozoic nutrition
28. What are gall stones how they are formed
29. Define the term Pyrosis? Give its causes
30. What do you know about appendicitis and jaundice how they are caused
31. Define the term detritovores and omnivores
32. Compare constipation and diarrhea how they are caused
33. Differentiate between cardiac and pyloric spinchter
34. What is botulism give its causes.
35. Name all the parts of cockroach digestive system .
36. How sundew shows insectivorous activity .

CH # 13
What is serine and how it is formed?
26) Write different ways of respiration in frog.
27) State the effects of change in temperature on transport of oxygen in blood.
28) Give percentage of CO₂ in arterial and venous blood.
29) What are the symptoms of Asthma?
30) What is the rate of breathing at rest and during exercise?
31) What are alveoli? Give their function.
32) Differentiate between Inspiration and Expiration in human.
33) ii. What is rubisco?
34) v. What is emphysema? Write its causes
35) vii. How pH affects the activity of haemoglobin?
36) Write different ways of respiration in frogs
37) What is surfactant and how is it formed?
38) What is diving reflex?

CH # 14
(i) Define apoplastic pathway.
(ii) Compare diffusion with osmosis.
(iii) What are guttation and imbibition?
(iv) What is lenticular transpiration?
(v) State pressure flow theory.
Q.1. Differentiate between open and closed circulatory system.

(i) Give the role of platelets?

(ii) What is leukemia (Blood Cancer)?
(iii) What is cardiac cycle?
(iv) What are blue babies?
(v) Differentiate between artery and vein.

What do you know about cerebral infarction?

6. What is imbibition?
7. Define pressure flow theory.
8. Give blood route in cockroach circulatory system.
9. What is artificial Pace Maker?
10. What are blood platelets? Give their main function.
11. Define ECG.
12. What are Leucocytes?