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Group 1
report
Ritu Raj, Arnav Mishra, Hritik Mohan
G1 Consultancy
Cover Letter
Prof. Meera Raghunandan
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Subject: Submission of Preliminary Project Design for the Three-Story Shopping Centre
Dear Prof. Raghunandan,
I hope this letter finds you well. I am writing on behalf of G1 Consultancy to formally
present our preliminary project design for the proposed three-story shopping centre at the
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay campus.
This report represents the culmination of extensive work by our team, combining advanced
structural engineering principles with the latest industry tools such as ETABS and Excel.
We have worked diligently to ensure that our design adheres to all relevant standards and
codes, focusing on both safety and functionality for the proposed commercial building.
Scope of Work:
Our design and analysis focus on the structural aspects of the shopping centre, which
includes a ground floor, first floor, second floor, and roof. The following components are
covered in the report:
1. Design Summary Sheet: This section provides a concise overview of the critical
design parameters, including material properties, applied loading conditions, and
safety factors to ensure a safe and sustainable structure.
2. Building Information and Conceptual Design: Here, we detail the architectural
layout and provide an insight into the conceptual design, blending engineering with
aesthetics.
3. Details of Analysis: We have included comprehensive calculations for load
distribution and analysis, along with the key assumptions that guided our design
process.
4. Final Beam Design: This section focuses on the specifics of the final beam design,
highlighting reinforcement details, dimensions, and the measures taken to ensure
compliance with the latest design codes.
5. Appendix: Supporting calculations and detailed breakdowns are included in the
appendix for clarity and thoroughness.
We are confident that the enclosed report will assist you in your evaluation of the proposed
design. Should you have any questions or require further clarification, we would be happy
to address them in our upcoming meeting.
Thank you for your continued support and trust in our work. We look forward to discussing
the next steps with you.
Sincerely,
Hritik Mohan
G1 Consultancy where are other members
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Design Information
Relevant Building Regulations and Design ● The structural use of Concrete; Indian
Code Standards (IS 456:2000)
● SP16; “Design Aids For Reinforced
Concrete to IS : 456”
Intended use of the building Office Building
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General loading conditions ● Self weight of masonry =20 KN/ m^3 below
● Self weight of reinforced concrete = 25 KN/ m^3
● Floor finishing = 1kN/m
● Live Load = 3.5kN/m
● Live Load on roof = 1.5kN/m
● Load factor for both dead load and live load :
1.5
Material data Concrete : M25
Reinforcement : longitudinal steel : Fe 415
Tie Bars : Fe250
Exposure conditions Moderate
Subsoil conditions Safe Bearing Capacity = 280 kN/m^2
Other relevant information Width of external wall = 230 mm
Width of internal wall = 115 mm
Allowable beam depth up to 600mm
Assumptions ● live loads change as per the room's
functionality, but it is kept uniform in this
problem for simplicity
● Building is situated in a region of negligible
seismic activity and low wind speed
Conceptual Design
All Critical Beams of each floor are marked with Red
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Detailed Analysis
1. Assumptions
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The load on the entrance door and other doors and windows has been assumed to
be equivalent to the weight of masonry, as if the masonry were present in these
areas.
The presence of columns in the exhibition area has been assumed not to cause any
serviceability issues.
The design is consistent across all elements on the same floor.
Columns are considered fixed at both ends.
2. Load Calculation
The load combination used is 1.5 times the sum of live load and dead load. Given
the location of the building, wind and earthquake loads are considered negligible
and safely omitted from the calculations.
Dead load includes the uniformly distributed load due to the floor finish and
masonry on the frame, while the live load accounts for movable loads such as office
staff, furniture, etc.
3. Design Procedure
The design of a reinforced concrete frame building requires a systematic approach to
ensure structural safety, stability, and compliance with performance criteria. The primary
structural components include beams and columns The design procedure for each of
these critical members is outlined below:
3.1 Beam Design
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Critical Beam Identification: On each floor, the beam experiencing the highest
positive and negative moments is identified using ETABS software.
Initial Dimensions: Once the critical beam is identified, assume an initial width,
depth, and cover (IS 456 recommends 30mm cover under moderate exposure
conditions).
Effective Depth and Moment Calculation: Calculate the effective depth, effective
length, and the ultimate moment (Mu) based on the applied loads. If Mu exceeds
the limiting moment capacity of the beam, options include increasing the beam
depth, using higher-grade materials (if appropriate), or opting for a doubly
reinforced beam.
Reinforcement Calculation: Determine the percentage of reinforcement required,
provide adequate HYSD bars, and recalculate the effective depth. Perform detailing t
checks to ensure the reinforcement meets the minimum and maximum steel area
and spacing requirements.
Deflection and Shear Checks: Perform a deflection check and finalize the beam
cross-section. Calculate the shear force on the beam and consider dowel action by
both the reinforcement and concrete.
Stirrup Design: Calculate the required number and diameter of stirrups, and
ensure the spacing between stirrups complies with the permissible maximum
spacing. Redesign the section if necessary to meet these requirements.
Final Beam Design
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Appendix
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