AMA2112 Classwork Solution (2.
3)
2.3.1 Consider the parametrization 𝑥 1 𝑡, 𝑦 𝑡, 𝑡 ∈ 0,1
2𝑡 1
1𝑑 1 𝑡 1 𝑡 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 1𝑑𝑡 1 2𝑡 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑡
3 3
2.3.2 Consider the parameter 𝑥 𝑡, 𝑦 𝑡, 𝑧 2𝑡 , 𝑡 ∈ 0,1
7 8 59
𝑡 𝑑𝑡 3 2𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑡 2𝑡 𝑑 2𝑡 7𝑡 8𝑡 𝑑𝑡
3 5 15
2.3.3 For Γ : 0,0 to 0,1 we always have 𝑥 0 so both integrals give zero.
For Γ : 0,1 to 1,1 we always have 𝑦 1 so 𝑑𝑦 0
𝑥 1
𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ 𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥
2 2
For Γ : 1,1 to 0,0 we always have 𝑥 𝑦
𝑥 4
𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ 𝑥𝑥𝑑𝑥 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑥
3 3
Overall, we have 𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ 0 Notice that the answer is negative
even though all terms in 𝐹⃑ are positive in the first quadrant. This is because the path goes in
clockwise orientation (negative).
AMA2112 Classwork Solution (2.4)
2.4.1 Suppose 𝐹⃑ ∇ϕ for some scalar field ϕ, this is equivalent to solve:
𝜕ϕ 𝜕ϕ 𝜕ϕ
3𝑥 𝑦 sin 𝑧 , 𝑥 sin 𝑧 2𝑦 , 𝑥𝑦 cos 𝑧
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑧
From classwork 2.1.5, 𝐹⃑ is conservative with its potential function:
ϕ 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥𝑦 sin 𝑧 𝑦 𝐶
for some constant 𝐶.
The curve is joining 1,0,0 to 2,1, 𝜋 . Therefore the line integral:
𝐹⃑ ∙ 𝑑𝑟⃑ ϕ 2,1, 𝜋 ϕ 1,0,0 6
AMA2112 Classwork Solution (2.5)
2.5.1 The path is counterclockwise, by Green’s theorem,
𝜕 𝑥𝑦 𝜕𝑥
𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝐴
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
1 𝑥 1 𝑥 1
𝑦𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
2 6 6
2.5.2 The path is counterclockwise, by Green’s theorem,
𝜕 3𝑥𝑦 𝜕 𝑦
𝑦 𝑑𝑥 3𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝐴
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
𝑟 14
3𝑦 2𝑦 𝑑𝐴 𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑟𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃 cos 𝜃
3 3
2.5.3 The path is counterclockwise, by Green’s theorem,
𝜕 cos 𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 𝜕 𝑦 𝑒
𝑦 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝐴
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
1 cos 2𝜃
4𝑦 3𝑦 𝑑𝐴 𝑟 sin 𝜃 𝑟𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃 𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃
2
𝑟 𝜃 sin 2𝜃 𝜋
4 2 4 4
2.5.4 The path is counterclockwise, by Green’s theorem,
𝜕 𝑦 𝜕 𝑥𝑦
𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝐴 𝑥𝑑𝐴
𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑦
Notice that in polar coordinate, a circle with radius 𝑅 with its lowest point located at the
origin can be represented by 𝑟 2𝑅 sin 𝜃. The circles described have radii 1 and 2.
𝑟
𝑟 cos 𝜃 𝑟𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝜃 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
3
/ /
56 14 14
sin 𝜃 𝑑 sin 𝜃 sin 𝜃
3 3 3
2.5.5 The ellipse can be parametrized by:
𝑥 𝑎 cos 𝑡 , 𝑦 𝑏 sin 𝑡 , 𝑡 ∈ 0,2𝜋
By Green's theorem, area is:
1 cos 2𝑡
𝑥𝑑𝑦 𝑎 cos 𝑡 𝑑 𝑏 sin 𝑡 𝑎𝑏 cos 𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑎𝑏 𝑑𝑡
2
𝑡 sin 2𝑡
𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑏𝜋
2 4