Exam - Term 4
GEOGRAPHY
GRADE 10
TOTAL MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 HOURS
WHAT IS PLAGIARISM
Plagiarism is when you use someone else’s work without giving them credit.
Please ensure that you do not copy the answers from the online campus or any
other sources. Complete the assessment in your own words.
DECLARATION EXAM
I declare that all work in this EXAM is my own. I have not committed plagiarism
as defined by the plagiarism policy and I have not accessed any resources of the
online campus to help me complete this EXAM. I will not use text-to-speech
software (such as Natural Readers) or any other type of concession unless I have
been approved for a concession in writing by Academic Support within the
Student Well-Being Department or SACAI in the form of a concession letter. I will
ensure that this EXAM is completed in my own handwriting and that I have not
used any stylus to assist in writing this paper.
Type your name here
_________________________
Student signature
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LEARNING OUTCOMES Version 1
● Reflect on modules 17 - 30 of Grade 10 Geography.
● Reflect on all mapwork skills taught thus far.
INSTRUCTIONS
1. The front page of your answer sheet must include:
a. Your name
b. Your student number
c. The signed plagiarism declaration
2. Remember to label your questions as per the question paper.
3. Please number each page of your answer script.
4. This activity comprises three main questions.
5. Complete all questions in the order that they are presented to you.
6. The maximum mark for this Exam is 150.
7. You have 3 hours to complete this exam.
8. Ensure that you have the 2730 DD Vryheid topographic map and the
2730 DD 2 Vryheid East orthophoto map when answering the mapwork
questions.
9. You may use a calculator.
10. Good Luck!
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QUESTION 1: POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
Question 1.1
Choose a term from COLUMN A that matches the description in COLUMN B.
Write ONLY the letter (A–I) next to the question numbers 1.1.1 to 1.1.8. For
example 1.1.9 J.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.1.1 Population pyramid A A count of the number of people in a
country.
1.1.2 Dependency ratio B A rapid increase in population over a
short amount of time.
1.1.3 Population census C The number of people an area can
support sustainably with the available
resources.
1.1.4 Exponential D The movement of people towards an
population growth urban area.
1.1.5 International E Graph that shows the age and gender
migration groups of a population.
1.1.6 Carrying capacity F Migrants who do not have the
necessary paperwork to enter a
country.
1.1.7 Urbanisation G Tells us how many people need to be
supported in a population.
1.1.8 Illegal immigrant H Migration that occurs across country
borders.
(8 x 1) (8)
Question 1.2
Use the table below on population indicators to answer the questions that
follow.
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Birth rate Death rate Life Literacy % urban
expectancy rate (%) population
Country 12.5 6.8 67 91 60
A
Country 3.2 2.1 74 99 90
B
1.2.1 Which country will see a larger increase in its population? (1 x 1) (1)
1.2.2 Which country will be considered a developed country? Give a reason for
your answer. (1 + 1) (2)
1.2.3 In which country do citizens have better access to healthcare? Provide a
reason for your answer. (1 + 1) (2)
1.2.4 In which country has less of the population received an education? Give a
reason for your answer. (1 + 1) (2)
[7]
Question 1.3
Refer to Figure 1 below on the demographic transition model and answer the
questions that follow.
Figure 1: Demographic transition model
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1.3.1 Briefly explain why there is very little to no population growth in Stage 1
of the above model. (1 x 2) (2)
1.3.2 Discuss why population growth is so high in Stage 2 of the model and
provide one possible reason for this population explosion. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3.3 In Stage 3 of the model a country experiences a drop in the birth rates.
Provide two reasons for this drop in birth rates. (2 x 2) (4)
1.3.4 Despite the birth and death rates being low in Stage 4 of the model,
explain why the overall population of a country in Stage 4 is still high.
(1 x 2) (2)
1.3.5 What would happen if a country had to enter Stage 5 of the model?
(1 x 2) (2)
1.3.6 In which stage of the demographic transition model does
South Africa fall? (1 x 1) (1)
[15]
Question 1.4
Refer to the map of population density around the globe and answer the
questions that follow.
Figure 2: Global population density
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1.4.1 Differentiate between population distribution and population density.
(2 x 1) (2)
1.4.2 Refer to the above map. Does South Africa or Australia have a higher
population density? (1 x 1) (1)
1.4.3 How does climate influence where people live? (1 x 2) (2)
1.4.4 What does it mean when an area is said to be sparsely
populated? (1 x 2) (2)
1.4.5 In a paragraph of approximately eight lines discuss four human factors
that attract people to live in certain places. (4 x 2) (8)
[15]
Question 1.5
Use Figure 3 below on HIV deaths, infections, and ARV treatment to aid you in
answering the following questions.
(a) HIV death and infection rates (b) Number of people receiving ARVs
Figure 3: HIV death rates, infection rates, and ARV treatment
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1.5.1 What does HIV stand for? (1 x 1) (1)
1.5.2 Look at graph (a) on HIV death and infection rates. What trend is
observed in the number of HIV deaths from 2005 to 2020? (1 x 1) (1)
1.5.3 State the relationship between the HIV death rate and the number of
people receiving ARV treatment (graph (b)) from the year 2005 to the year
2020. (1 x 2) (2)
1.5.4 What is PEP and briefly explain its purpose. (1 + 2) (3)
1.5.5 Explain how HIV attacks the body. (2 x 2) (4)
1.5.6 Discuss two negative social effects of HIV/AIDS on the people of South
Africa. (2 x 2) (4)
[15]
TOTAL QUESTION 1: 60 MARKS
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QUESTION 2: WATER RESOURCES
Question 2.1
Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the correct answer by only writing the letters (A-D) next to the question
numbers 2.1.1 - 2.1.8.
Question 2.1.1
Water can change phase depending on the _______
A. Pressure
B. Location
C. Temperature
D. Runoff
Question 2.1.2
The process of plants releasing moisture into the air is called _________
A. Evaporation
B. Transpiration
C. Condensation
D. Infiltration
Question 2.1.3
Dams that are surrounded by earth and rock are called _________
A. Arch dams
B. Buttress dams
C. Gravity dams
D. Embankment dams
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Question 2.1.4
Which of the following is not a strategy for sustainable water management?
A. Leaving alien invasive species to grow
B. Treat contaminated water that is released back into water systems
C. Restore rivers, lakes, and wetlands
D. Encourage water recycling and reduction among municipal residents
Question 2.1.5
Which of the following factors will increase the chances of flooding occurring?
A. Light rainfall
B. Steep gradient
C. Gentle gradient
D. Permeable rock
Question 2.1.6
Which two pieces of information are found in a flood hydrograph?
A. Infiltration rate and run-off rate
B. Condensation and evaporation levels
C. Transpiration rates and evapotranspiration rates
D. River discharge and amount of rainfall
Question 2.1.7
The difference in time between when the peak rainfall occurred and when the
peak discharge occurred is known as
A. Lag time
B. Peak discharge
C. Peak rainfall
D. Rising limb
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Question 2.1.8
This shows us the amount of discharge, measured in cubic metres per second,
that occurs when the river discharge is at its highest or fastest.
A. Lag time
B. Peak discharge
C. Peak rainfall
D. Rising limb
(8 x 1) (8)
Question 2.2
Choose the correct word(s) from those given in brackets which will make each
statement geographically CORRECT. Write only the word(s) next to the question
numbers 2.2.1 – 2.2.7.
2.2.1 Ninety-seven percent of all our water resources are (fresh/salt) water.
2.2.2 Warm ocean currents will (increase/decrease) the temperature of the
coastal city it flows past.
2.2.3 An example of a freshwater body is a (sea/river).
2.2.4 The process of removing salt from ocean water is called
(salination/desalination).
2.2.5 Managing water in a way that meets ecological, social and economic
needs while at the same time ensuring that water does not run out in
the future is called (water conservation/water sustainability).
2.2.6 (River floods/ flash floods) occurs when there is a sudden and
destructive rush of water in a region.
2.2.7 Overgrazing can (increase/decrease) the chances of flooding.
(7 x 1) (7)
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Question 2.3
Study the cartoon below on the pollution in the ocean and answer the questions
that follow.
Figure 4: Pollution in the ocean
2.3.1 Name the type of pollution shown in Figure 4 above. (1 x 1) (1)
2.3.2 Discuss two ways in which the ocean is important for the survival of
people globally. (2 x 2) (4)
2.3.3 Briefly explain the importance of ocean currents in the survival of marine
species. (1 x 2) (2)
2.3.4 In a paragraph of approximately eight lines, discuss four ways in which
humans pollute the ocean, other than what has been shown in the
cartoon above. (4 x 2) (8)
[15]
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Question 2.4
Refer to the infographic below on water in South Africa when answering the
following questions.
Figure 5: Water in South Africa
2.4.1 South Africa is considered a water-scarce country. What does this mean?
(1 x 2) (2)
2.4.2 Why can South Africa be considered a country that has climate-driven
water scarcity? (1 x 2) (2)
2.4.3 Explain, in detail, two ways in which South Africa’s water sources can be
threatened. (2 x 2) (4)
2.4.4 Define groundwater and explain how humans are interfering with
groundwater reserves. (1 + 2) (3)
2.4.5 Discuss two reasons why South Africa’s water resources need to be
effectively managed and conserved. (2 x 2) (4)
[15]
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Question 2.5
Read the case study on the floods that took place in Kwa-Zulu Natal and answer
the questions that follow.
Case Study: The 2022 KwaZulu-Natal Floods in South Africa
On April 11-12, 2022, the province of KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) in South Africa
experienced devastating floods caused by torrential rain, which resulted in
widespread damage and loss of life. This event was one of the most severe
flooding incidents in South Africa's recent history.
The flooding was caused by extreme weather conditions, such as intense
rainfall which brought sustained and heavy downpours. Furthermore, KZN’s
steep topography and densely populated areas exacerbated the flooding.
Urbanisation has increased run-off and reduced the ability of the land to
absorb rainwater. Climate change is also considered a contributor to the
increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events such as rainfall
and flooding.
The floods had a huge impact on KZN, with 400 deaths and thousands of
people left without homes. Infrastructure such as roads, schools and hospitals
were damaged, with the economic damage running into billions of rands. The
floods also caused soil erosion, pollution of water sources, destruction of
natural habitats, and debris and silt impacted waterways and wetlands.
2.5.1 What was the cause of the floods which occurred in Kwa-Zulu Natal?
(1 x 2) (2)
2.5.2 Name three factors, mentioned in the case study, that increased the
effects of the flooding experienced. (3 x 1) (3)
2.5.3 How did the flooding impact the people living in Kwa-Zulu Natal?
(1 x 2) (2)
2.5.4 Why is it so important to ensure that areas have enough vegetation cover?
(1 x 2) (2)
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2.5.5 Discuss three flood management strategies that can be implemented by
the province of Kwa-Zulu Natal to manage flooding. (3 x 2) (6)
[15]
TOTAL QUESTION 2: 60 MARKS
QUESTION 3: MAPWORK SKILLS AND TECHNIQUES
Please refer to the 2730 DD Vryheid topographic map and the 2730 DD 2
Vryheid East orthophoto map when answering the mapwork questions.
Question 3.1: Multiple Choice
Choose the correct answer from the options given below. Simply write the
question number and either A, B, C, or D in your answer sheet. E.g 3.1.6 A
3.1.1 Letter I on the topographic map is a _______
A. Windpump
B. Road
C. Recreational ground
D. Dam
3.1.2 The orthophoto map has a contour interval of _________
A. 5m
B. 10m
C. 15m
D. 20m
3.1.3 The map scale of the topographic map is _______
A. 1: 20 000
B. 1: 30 000
C. 1: 40 000
D. 1: 50 000
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3.1.4 The latitude value of the 2730 DD map index is ______
A. 73
B. 30
C. 27
D. DD
3.1.5 Feature J on the topographic map is a/an _______
A. Excavation
B. Monument
C. Dry pan
D. Cemetery
(5 x 1) (5)
Question 3.2: Mapwork Calculations
3.2.1 Determine the straight line distance between spot height 1368 in block F5
and spot height 1424 in block G6 of the topographic map in km. (2)
3.2.2 Name the built up residential area which is south-west of Bhekuzulu. (2)
3.2.3 Calculate the difference in height between trigonometric station 365 in
block G2 and trigonometric station 60 in block G3 of the topographic map.
(3)
[7]
Question 3.3: Mapwork Interpretation
3.3.1 Refer to the dam found in block F1 of the topographic map. In which
direction is the water flowing? (1 x 2) (2)
3.3.2 Give three positive impacts of the Klipfontein dam on the Inkamana
settlement. (3 x 2) (6)
3.3.3 Why do the features on orthophoto maps appear larger than features on
topographic maps? (1 x 2) (2)
[10]
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Question 3.4: GIS
3.4.1 What is remote sensing? (1 x 2) (2)
3.4.2 Give two functions of a GIS. (2 x 2) (4)
3.4.3 Which aerial photograph is found at an angle of between 5° and 45° from
the vertical? (1 x 2) (2)
[8]
TOTAL QUESTION 3: 30 MARKS
GRAND TOTAL: 150
EXAM END
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