2.

26 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 1 Objective Problems | JEE Main

Section A – Equation of Wave, Particle 5. The equation of a wave travelling along the positive
Velocity and Acceleration x-axis, as shown in figure at t=0 is given by
1. A transverse wave is described by the equation   y
Y = Y0 sin 2 (ft – x/). The maximum particle (A) sin  kx – t  
 6 1
velocity is equal to four times the wave velocity if 0
x
(A)  =  Y0/4 (B)  =  Y0/2   –0.5
(C)  =  Y0 (D)  = 2 Y0 (B) sin  kx – t – 
 6 –0.1

2. If the speed of the wave shown in the figure is 330    

(C) sin  t – kx   (D) sin  t – kx – 
m/s in the given medium, then the equation of the  6  6
wave propagating in the positive x-direction will be
- (all quantities are in MKS units) 6. The displacement produced by a simple harmonic
wave is :
10  x
y sin  2000  t   cm. The time period
  17 
and maximum velocity of the particle will be
respectively -
(A) 10–3 second and 200 m/s
(A) y = 0.05 sin 2  (4000 t – 12.5 x)
(B) 10–2 second and 2000 m/s
(B) y = 0.05 sin 2  (4000 t – 122.5 x)
(C) 10–3 second and 330 m/s
(C) y = 0.05 sin 2  (3300 t – 10 x)
(D) 10–4 second and 20 m/s
(D) y = 0.05 sin 2  (3300 x – 10 t)
Section B – Speed of transverse wave on
3. A transverse wave of amplitude 0.50 m, wavelength
string, energy in waves
1 m and frequency 2 hertz is propagating in a string
in the negative x-direction. The expression form of 7. Both the strings, show in figure, are made of same
the wave is material and have same cross section. The pulleys
(A) y(x,t) = 0.5 sin (2x – 4t) are light. The wave speed of a transverse wave in
(B) y(x,t) = 0.5 cos (2x + 4t) the string AB is v1 and in
(C) y(x,t) = 0.5 sin (x – 2t) CD it is v2. The v1/v2 is A
(D) y(x,t) = 0.5 cos (2x – 2t) (A) 1
(B) 2
B C
4. A wave pulse is generated in a string that lies along (C) 2
x-axis. At the points A and B, as shown in figure, if
(D) 1/ 2 D
RA and RB are ratio of wave speed to the particle
speed respectively then :
y 8. A block of mass 1 kg is hanging vertically from a
string of length 1 m and Mass/length =0.001 kg/m.
B V A small pulse is generated at its lower end. The
Pulse reaches the top end in approximately.
A
x (A) 0.2 sec
(B) 0.1 sec
(A) RA > RB (B) RB > RA 1m
(C) 0.02 sec
(C) RA = RB (D) 0.01 sec
(D) Information is not sufficient to decide.

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.27

9. A uniform rope of length 10 m and mass 15 kg hangs 12. The relation between frequency  wavelength 
vertically from a rigid support. A block of mass 5 and velocity of propagation vof a wave is-
kg is attached to the free end of the rope. A
transverse pulse of wavelength 0.08 m is produced 
(A) v   (B) =1
v
at the lower end of the 3 rope. The wavelength of
the pulse when it reaches the top of the rope will
v  
be- (C) =1 (D) + =1
 v v
(A) 0.08 m
(B) 0.04 m
(C) 0.16 m
(D) 0 m
Section C – Super position principle
interference of waves

10. A uniform rope having some mass hanges vertically 13. Two waves of equal amplitude A, and equal
from a rigid support. A transverse wave pulse is frequency travels in the same direction in a medium.
produced at the lower end. The speed (v) of the The amplitude of the resultant wave is
wave pulse varies with height (h) from the lower (A) 0 (B) A
end as: (C) 2A (D) between 0 and 2A

v v
14. When two waves of the same amplitude and
(A) (B) frequency but having a phase difference of ,
travelling with the same speed in the same direction
h h
(positive x), interfere, then
(A) their resultant amplitude will be twice that of a
v
v single wave but the frequency will be same
(B) their resultant amplitude and frequency will both
(C) (D) be twice that of a single wave
h
h (C) their resultant amplitude will depend on the phase
angle while the frequency will be the same
(D) the frequency and amplitude of the resultant
11. A wire of 102 kg m 1 passes over a frictionless light wave will depend upon the phase angle.
pulley fixed on the top of a frictionless inclined plane,
which makes an angle of 30° with the horizontal. 15. Two waves are represented by
Masses m and M are tied at two ends of wire such
y1 = a1 cos (t – kx) and
that m rests on the plane and M hangs freely
vertically downwards. The entire system is in y2 = a2 sin(t – kx + /3)
equilibrium and a transverse wave propagates along Then the phase difference between them is-
1
the wire with a velocity of 100 ms .
 
(A) (B)
3 2
m 1
(A) M=5 kg (B) 
M 4
5 
(C) (D)
m 6 6
(C) m=20 kg (D) 4
M

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.28 Theory and Exercise Book

16. Standing waves are produced by superposition of 20. A Wave pulse on a string has the dimension shown
two waves in figure. The waves speed is v=1 cm/s. If point O
y1 = 0.05 sin (3t – 2x) and is a free end. The shape of wave at time t=3 s is:
y2 = 0.05 sin (3t + 2x)
Where x and y are measured in meter and t in v=1cm/s
second. Find the amplitude of particle at x = 0.5m 1 cm
[cos 57.3 = 0.54] O
(A) 0.54 m (B) 5.4 m 1cm 1cm 2cm
(C) 54 m (D) 0.054 m
O
17. If two waves are represented by :
1cm
y1=2 sin (4x – 300t) & (A) O (B)
y2 = sin (4x–300t – 0.2)
then their superposed wave will have angular
frequency -
1cm
(A) 150/ (B) 150 
2cm
(C) 300 (D) 600  (C) 1cm (D)

18. x1 = A sin (t – 0.1x) and O 1cm

 
x2 = A sin  t  0.1x  2 
 
21. A wave pulse, travelling on a two piece string, gets
Resultant amplitude of combined wave is– partially reflected and partially transmitted at the

junction. The reflected wave is inverted in shape
(A) 2A cos (B) A 2 cos  / 2 as compared to the incident one. If the incident wave
4
has wavelength  and the transmitted wave .
   (A)  >  (B)  = 
(C) 2A cos (D) A 21  cos 4 
2   (C)  < 
(D) nothing can be said about the relation of  and .
Section D – Reflection and transmission
between 2 string
22. Two sound waves are respectively
19. A pulse shown here is reflected from the rigid wall
A and then from free end B. The shape of the string y1 = a sin (t–kx) and y2 = b cos (t–kx).
after these 2 Reflection will be. The phase difference between the two waves is:
(A) /2 (B) /3
(C)  (D) 3/4
B A

23. Two waves are represented by the following

equations :
(A) A
(B) A y1 = 5 sin 2 (10t – 0.1 x) and
B B
y2 = 10 sin 2(20t – 0.2x)
Ratio of intensities I2/I1 will be -
(C) A
(D) A
(A) 1 (B) 2
B B
(C) 4 (D) 16

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.29

24. Figure shows a rectangular pulse and a triangular 28. The equation for the vibration of a string fixed at
pulse approaching each other along x-axis. The both ends vibrating in its third harmonic is given by
pulse speed is 0.5 cm/s. What is the resultant y=2 cm sin [(0.6 cm–1)x]cos [(500 s–1)t]
displacement of medium particles due to The length of the string is –
superposition of waves at x = 0.5 cm and t = 2 sec. (A) 24.6 cm (B) 12.5 cm
(C) 20.6 cm (D) 15.7 cm
y (cm)
0.5 cm/s 0.5 cm/s
2
29. The vibrations of a string of length 60 cm fixed at
1 both ends are represented by the equation
x (cm)
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 y = 4 sin (x/15) cos(96t),
where x and y are in cm and t in seconds. The
(A) 3.5 cm (B) 2.5 cm maximum displacement at x = 5 cm is–
(C) 4 cm (D) 3 cm (A) 2 3 cm (B) 3 2 cm

(C) 2 cm (D) 3 cm
Section E – Equation of standing wave
(Stationary waves)

25. A wave is represented by the equation y = 1 30. If a wave is represented by the following equation

0sin 2 (100t  0.02 X )  10sin 2 (100t  0.02 X ). The 2x 2vt

y = A cos sin then it is a :
 
maximum amplitude and loop length are respectively
(A) Progressive wave
(A) 20 units and 30 units (B) 20 units and 25 units
(B) Stationary wave
(C) 30 units and 20 units (D) 25 units and 20 units
(C) Longitudinal progressive wave
(D) Transverse progressive wave
26. The resultant amplitude due to superposition of two
waves
Section F – Stationary waves in strings,
Y1  5sin ( wt  kx) and y2  5cos ( wt  kx  1500 ) vibration in string wave, sono
meter wire
(A) 5 (B) 5 3
31. Two wave pulses travel in opposite directions on a
(C) 5 2 – 3 (D) 5 2  3 string and approach each other. The shape of the
one pulse in inverted with respect to the other.
(A) the pulses will collide with each other and vanish
27. The equation of stationary wave along a stretched
after collision.
string is given by
(B) the pulses will reflect from each other i.e., the
x pulse going towards right will finally move towards
y = 5 sin cos 40  t
3 left and vice versa.
Where x and y are in cm and t in second. The (C) the pulses will pass through each other but their
separation between two adjacent nodes is - shapes will be modified
(A) 1.5 cm (B) 3 cm (D) the pulses will pass through each other without
(C) 6 cm (D) 4 cm any change in their shape.

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.30 Theory and Exercise Book

32. A wire of linear mass density 9x10 –3 kg/m is 34. In a stationary wave represented by y = a sin t
stretched between two rigid supports under a cos kx, amplitude of the component progressive
tension of 360 N. The wire resonates at frequency wave is :
210 Hz. The next higher frequency at which the
a
same wire resonates is 280 Hz. The number of loops (A) (B) a
2
produced in first case will be-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2a (D) None
(C) 3 (D) 4
35. The rate of transfer of energy in a wave depends
33. A stretched sonometer wire resonates at a (A) directly on the square of the wave amplitude
frequency of 350 Hz and at the next higher and square of the wave frequency
frequency of 420 Hz. The fundamental frequency (B) directly on the square of the wave amplitude
of this wire is : and square root of the wave frequency
(A) 350 Hz (B) 5 Hz (C) directly on the wave frequency and square of
(C) 70 Hz (D) 170 Hz the wave amplitude
(D) directly on the wave amplitude and square of
the wave frequency.

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.31

Exercise - 2 (Leve-I) Objective Problems | JEE Main

Section A – Equation of Wave, Particle 5. A sinusoidal progressive wave is generated in a

Velocity and Acceleration
string. It’s equation is given by y = (2 mm) sin (2x
1. The displacement of a particle of a string carrying – 100 t + /3). The time when particle at x = 4 m
a travelling wave is given by first passes through mean position, will be
y = (3 cm) sin 6.28 (0.50 x – 50 t)
1 1
where x is in centimeter and t is in second. The (A) sec (B) sec
150 12
velocity of the wave is-
(A) 100 m/s (B) 50 cm/s 1 1
(C) sec (D) sec
(C) 100 cm/s (D) 10 m/s 300 100

2. The equation of a progressive wave is 6. A transverse wave is described by the equation

y = A sin [2(ft – x/)]. The maximum particle
 4  velocity is equal the wave velocity if :
y = 0.4 sin 120t  5 x 
 
(A)  = A/4 (B) =A/2
Where distance is in meters and time is in seconds. (C)  = A (D)  = 2A
Calculate frequency and wavelength.
(A) 60 Hz, 2.5 m (B) 30 Hz, 3 m Section B – Speed of transverse wave on
(C) 90 Hz, 2.5 m (D) 60 Hz, 5 m string, energy in waves

7. A wire is 4 m long and has a mass 0.2 kg. The wire

 2x  is kept horizontally. A transverse pulse is generated
3. An equation y = acos2  2nt   represents a
   by plucking one end of the taut (tight) wire. The
wave with- pulse makes four trips back and forth along the cord
(A) amplitude a, frequency n and wavelength  in 0.8 sec. The tension is the cord will be -
(B) amplitude a, frequency 2n and wavelength 2 (A) 80 N (B) 160 N
a (C) 240 N (D) 320 N
(C) amplitude , frequency 2n and wavelength 
2
8. A string of 7 m length has a mass of 0.035 kg. If
a 
(D) amplitude , frequency 2n and wavelength tension in the string is 60.5 N, then speed of a wave
2 2
on the string is :
(A) 77 m/s (B) 102 m/s
4. When a plane wave train transverses a medium,
(C) 110 m/s (D) 165 m/s
individual particles execute a periodic motion given
 x 
by the equation y = 5 sin 4  4 t  16  where the Section C – Super position principle
 
interference of waves
lengths are expressed in centimeters and time in
seconds. The phase difference for two positions of 9. Three waves of equal frequencies having
the same particles which are occupied at a time amplitudes 10 m, 4m and m arrive at a given
interval 0.8 s apart is- point with successive phase difference of . The
(A) 72° (B) 144° amplitude of the resulting wave in  m is given by -
(C) 102° (D) 36° (A) 7 (B) 6
(C) 5 (D) 4

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.32 Theory and Exercise Book

10. In the figure the intensity of waves arriving at D 14. Two pulses in a stretched string whose centers are
from two coherent sources S1 and S2 is I0. The initially 8 cm apart are moving towards each other
wavelength of the wave is  = 4 m. Resultant as shown in Figure. The speed of each pulse is 2 cm
intensity at D will be - S 4m s-1. After 2 second the total energy of the pulses will
1 D
(A) 4I0 be
(B) I0 3m (A) zero
(C) 2I0 (B) purely kinetic
(D) zero S2 (C) purely potential 8 cm

(D) partly kinetic and partly potential.

11. Two pulses in a stretched string, whose centres are
initially 8 cm apart, are moving towards each other
as shown in the figure. The speed of each pulse is 15. Two waves represented by y1 = a sin t and y2 = a
2 cm/s. After 2 s the total energy of the pulses will 
be: sin (t + ) with  = are superposed at any point
2
(A) zero at a particular instant. The resultant amplitude is
(B) purely kinetic 8 cm (A) a (B) 4a
(C) purely potential
(D) parely kinetic and parely potential (C) 2a (D) zero

12. Equations of two progressive waves at a 16. A harmonic wave is travelling on string 1. At a
certain point in a medium are given by junction with string 2 it is partly reflected and partly
y1 = a sin (t + 1) and y2 = a sin (t + 2). If transmitted. The linear mass density of the second
amplitude and time period of resultant wave formed string is four times that of the first string, and that
by the superposition of these two waves is same as the boundary between the two strings is at x =0. If
that of both the waves, then 1 – 2 is the expression for the incident wave is, yi = Ai cos
 2 (k1x – 1t)
(A) (B)
3 3 Then findout the expression for the transmitted
wave.
 
(C) (D)
6 4 1 3
(A) A i cos(2k1x – 1 t) (B) Ai cos(2k1x – 1t)
3 2
13. There are three strings RP, PQ, and QS as shown.
2
Their mass and lengths are RP = (0.1 kg, 2m), (C) Ai cos(2k1x – 1t) (D) None
3
PQ = (0.2 kg, 3 m), QS = (0.15 kg, 4m) respectively.
All the strings are under same tension. Wave-1 is
incident at P. It is partly reflected (wave-2) and Section D – Reflection and transmission
partly transmitted (wave-3). Now wave-3 is incident between 2 string
at Q. It is again partly transmitted (wave-5) and
17. A composition String is made up by joining two
partly reflected (wave-4). Phase difference
strings of different masses per unit length
between wave-1 and wave
  and 4. the composite string is under the same
1 3 5
tension. A transverse wave pulse: Y = (6mm) sin
P Q
(5t+40x), Where ‘t’ is in seconds and ‘x’ in meters,
R S
is sent along the lighter string towards the joint. The
2 4 joint is at x=0. The equation of the wave pulse
(A) 2 is  (B) 4 is zero reflected from the joint is
(C) both (a) and (b) are correct (A) (2mm) sin (5t-40x) (B) (4 mm) sin (40x-5t)
(D) both (a) and (b) are wrong (C) –(2 mm) sin (5t-40x) (D) (2 mm) sin (5t-10x)

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.33

18. In the previous question, the percentage of power 22. Under what conditions 75% of incident
transmitted to the heavier string through the joint is energy is transmitted
approximately v1 1 v1 1
(A) 33% (B) 89% (A) v  2 (B) v  3
2 2
(C) 67% (D) 75%
v1 1 v1 2
19. A wave moving with constant speed on a uniform (C) v  4 (D) v  3
2 2
string passes the point x = 0 with amplitude A0,
angular frequency 0 and average rate of energy
transfer P0. As the wave travels down the string it Section E – Equation of standing wave
gradually loses energy and at the point x = , the (Stationary waves)
P
average rate of energy transfer becomes 0 . At 20
2 23. A Standing Wave y  A sin(  x ) cos (1000 t ) is
the point x = , angular frequency and amplitude 3
are respectively. maintained in a taut string where y and x are
expressed in meters. The distance between the
(A) 0 and A0 / 2
successive points oscillating with the amplitude A/2
(B) 0/ y  Asin  ωt kx  . and A0 across a node is equal to
(C) less than 0 and A0 (A) 2.5 cm (B) 25 cm
(D) 0/ 2 and A0 / 2 (C) 5 cm (D) 10 cm

20. A metallic Wire of length L is fixed between two 24. A wave represented by the equation
rigid supports. If the wire is cooled through a y = a cos (kx – t) is superposed with another wave
temperature difference T (Y = young’s modulus,  to form a stationary wave such that the point x = 0
= density,  = coefficient of linear expansion) is a node. The equation for other wave is :
then the frequency of transverse vibration is (A) a sin (kx + t) (B) – a cos (kx + t)
proportional to: (C) – a cos (kx – t) (D) – a sin (kx – t)
 Y
(A)  Y (B) 25. A taut string at both ends vibrates in its nth overtone.
 The distance between adjacent Node and antinode
 is found to be ‘d’ If the length of the string is L, then

(C) (D) (A) L=2d(n+1) (B) L=d(n+1)
Y Y
(C) L=2dn (D) L = 2d(n – 1)

Passage Q. No. 21 to 22 26. A standing wave pattern of amplitude A in a string

In the shown figure answer the following two of length L shows 2 nodes (plus those at two ends).
questions. If one end of the string corresponds to the origin
and v is the speed of progressive wave, the
Transmitted
disturbance in the string, could be represented (with
incident
appropriate phase) as:
1 2
 2x   2 vt 
(A) y(x, t) = A sin   cos  
Reflected  L   L 

21. If P i , P r and P t are powers of incident,  3x   2 vt 

(B) y(x, t) = A cos   sin  
reflected and transmitted waves and ii, Ir and It the  L   L 
corresponding intensities, then
 4x   4 vt 
(A) Pi = Pr +Pt (C) y(x, t) = A cos   cos  
 L   L 
(B) Ii = Ir + It
(C) both (a) and (b) are correct  3x   3vt 
(D) both (a) and (b) are wrong (D) y(x, t) = A sin   cos  
 L   L 

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.34 Theory and Exercise Book

27. The equation of a wave disturbance is given as : 29. A string of length 1m and linear mass density 0.01
kgm–1 is stretched to a tension of 100N.when both
 
y  0.02cos   50t  cos(10x) , where x and y ends of the string are fixed, the three lowest
2 
frequencies for standing wave are f1, f2 and f3. when
are in meters and t in seconds. Choose the wrong only one end of the string is fixed, the three lowest
statement frequencies for standing wave are n1, n2 and n3. Then
(A) Antinode occurs at x = 0.3 m (A) n3 = 5n1 = f3 = 125 Hz
(B) The wavelength is 0.2 m (B) f3 = 5f1 = n2 = 125 Hz
(C) The speed of the constituent waves is 4m/s (C) f3 = n2 = 3f1 = 150 Hz
(D) Node occurs at x = 0.15 m
f1  f 2
(D) n 2   75 Hz
2
Section F – Stationary waves in strings,
vibration in string wave, sono
meter wire 30. A string is fixed at both ends vibrates in a resonant
mode with a separation 2.0 cm between the
28. The frequency of a sonometer wire is f, but when consecutive nodes. For the next higher resonant
the weights producing the tensions are completely frequency, this separation is reduced to 1.6 cm. The
immersed in water the frequency becomes f/2 and length of the string is
on immersing the weights in a certain liquid the (A) 4.0 cm (B) 8.0 cm
frequency becomes f/3. The specific gravity of the
(C) 12.0 cm (D) 16.0 cm
liquid is:

4 16 31. Figure, shows a stationary wave between two fixed

(A) (B)
3 9 points P and Q.

15 32 Which point(s) of 1, 2 and 3 are in phase with the

(C) (D) point x?
12 27

P X 1 23 Q

(A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2 only

(C) 2 and 3 only (D) 3 only

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.35

Exercise - 2 (Level-II) Multiple Correct | JEE Advanced

Section A – Euqation of Wave, Particle 4. The points moving with maximum speed is/are
Velocity and Acceleration (A) b (B) c
1. A wave equation which gives the displacement (C) d (D) h
along the Y direction is given by
Y = 10–4 sin (60t + 2x) 5. The points moving upward is/are
where x and y are in metres and t is time in seconds. (A) a (B) c
This represents a wave (C) f (D) g
(A) travelling with a velocity of 30 m/s in the negative
x direction.
6. The points moving downwards is/are
(B) of wavelength  metre
(A) o (B) b
(C) of frequency 30/ hertz
(C) d (D) h
(D) of amplitude 10–4 metre travelling along the
negative x direction.
7. A perfectly elastic uniform string is suspended
2. The displacement of a particle in a medium due to vertically with its upper end fixed to the ceiling and
a wave travelling in the x-direction through the lower end loaded with the weight. If a transverse
the medium is given by y = A sin (t – x), where wave is imparted to the lower end of the string, the
t = time, and  and  are constants : pulse will
(A) the frequency of the wave is  (A) not travel along the length of the string
(B) the frequency of the wave is /2 (B) travel upwards with increasing speed
(C) the wavelength is 2/ (C) travel upwards with decreasing speed
(D) the velocity of the wave is /
(D) travelled upwards with constant acceleration

Section B – Speed of transverse wave on

8. One end of a string of length L is tied to the ceiling
string, energy in waves
of a lift accelerating upwards with an acceleration
Question No. 3 to 6 (4 questions)
2g. The other end of the string is free. The linear
The figure represents the instantaneous picture of
mass density of the string varies linearly from 0 to
a transverse harmonic wave traveling along the
 from bottom to top.
negative x-axis. Choose the correct alternative(s)
related to the movement of the nine points shown (A) The velocity of the wave in the string will be 0.
in the figure. (B) The acceleration of the wave on the string will
y b be 3g/4 every where.
a c h (C) The time taken by a pulse to reach from bottom
o x
d
e g to top will be 8L / 3g .
f
3. The stationary points is/are (D) The time taken by a pulse to reach from bottom

(A) o (B) b to top will be 4L / 3g .

(C) f (D) h

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.36 Theory and Exercise Book

Section D – Reflection and transmission be- Section F – Stationary waves in strings,

tween 2 string vibration in string wave, sono
meter wire

 x
9. A plane wave y = A sin   t   undergo a normal 12. A clamped string is oscillating in nth harmonic, then
 v
(A) total energy of oscillations will be n2 times that
incidence on a plane boundary separating medium of fundamental frequency
M1 and M2 and splits into a reflected and transmitted
(B) total energy of oscillations will be
wave having speeds v1 and v2 then
(n–1)2 times that of fundamental frequency
(A) for all values of v1 and v2 the phase of
(C) average kinetic energy of the string over a
transmitted wave is same as that of incident wave
complete oscillations is half of that of the total
(B) for all values of v1 and v2 the phase of reflected energy of the string.
wave is same as that of incident wave
(D) none of these.
(C) the phase of transmitted wave depends upon
v1 and v2
13. In a stationary wave,
(D) the phase of reflected wave depends upon v1
and v2 (A) all the particles of the medium vibrate in phase
(B) all the antinodes vibrate in phase
(C) the alternate antinodes vibrate in phase
Section E – Equation of standing wave
(Stationary waves) (D) all the particles between consecutive nodes
vibrate in phase
10. The vibration of a string fixed at both ends are
described by Y = 2 sin(x)sin (100t) where Y is in
14. Two waves of equal frequency f and velocity v travel
mm, x is in cm, t in sec then
in opposite directions along the same path. The
(A) Maximum displacement of the particle at waves have amplitudes A and 3A. Then :
x = 1/6 cm would be 1mm.
(A) the amplitude of the resulting wave varies with
(B) velocity of the particle at x = 1/6 cm at time position between maxima of amplitude 4A and
t = 1/600 sec will be 1573 mm/s minima of zero amplitude
(C) If the length of the string be 10 cm, number of (B) the distance between a maxima and adjacent
loop in it would be 5 minima of amplitude is V/2f
(D) None of these (C) at point on the path the average displacement
is zero
11. In a standing wave on a string. (D) the position of a maxima or minima of amplitude
(A) In one time period all the particles are does not change with time
simultaneously at rest twice.
(B) All the particles must be at their positive
extremes simultaneously once in one time period.
(C) All the particles may be at their positive
extremes simultaneously once in a time period.
(D) All the particles are never at rest simultaneously.

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 WAVES 2.37

Exercise - 3 | Level-I Subjective | JEE Advanced

Section A – Equation of Wave, Particle Section B – Speed of transverse wave on

Velocity and Acceleration string, energy in waves

4. Two strings A and B with  = 2 kg/m and

1. Consider the wave y = (5 mm) sin (1 cm–1) x – (60
 = 8 kg/m respectively are joined in series and
s–1)t] Find (a) the amplitude (b) the wave number,
kept on a horizontal table with both the ends fixed.
(c) the wavelength, (d) the frequency, (e) the time
The tension in the string is 200 N. If a pulse of
period and (f) the wave velocity.
amplitude 1 cm travels in A towards the junction,
then find the amplitude of reflected and transmitted
pulse.
2. The wave function for a traveling wave on a taut
string is (in SI unit) 5. A parabolic pulse given by equation y (in cm) = 0.3
y(x, t) = (0.350 m) sin (10 t – 3x + /4) – 0.1 (x – 5t)2 ( y  0) x in meter and t in second
travelling in a uniform string. The pulse passes
(a) What are the speed and direction of travel of
through a boundary beyond which its velocity
the wave ?
becomes 2.5 m/s. What will be the amplitude of
(b) What is the vertical displacement of the string pulse in this medium after transmission ?
at t = 0, x = 0.100 m ?
6. In the arrangement shown in figure, the string has
(c) What are wavelength and frequency of the mass of 4.5 g. How much time will it take for a
wave ? transverse disturbance produced at the floor to
(d) What is the maximum magnitude of the reach the pulley? Take g = 10 m/s2
transverse speed of a particle of the string ?

25cm
3. The string shown in figure is driven at a frequency
of 5.00 Hz. The amplitude of the motion is 12.0 cm, 2.0m
2kg
and the wave speed is 20.0 m/s. Furthermore, the
wave is such that y = 0 at x = 0 and t = 0. Determine
(a) the angular frequency and (b) wave number for
this wave. (c) Write an expression for the wave
Section C – Super position principle
function. Calculate (d) the maximum transverse
interference of waves
speed and (e) the maximum transverse acceleration
of a point on the string. 7. Two waves are described by
y1 = 0.30 sin [(5x – 200)t] and y2 = 0.30 sin [(5x
y – 200t) + /3]
where y1, y2 and x are in meters and t is in seconds.
x
When these two waves are combined, a traveling
wave is produced. What are the (a) amplitude, (b)
x=0
wave speed, and (c) wave length of that traveling
wave ?

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.38 Theory and Exercise Book

8. A particle on stretched string supporting a travelling Section E – Equation of standing wave

wave, takes 5.0 ms to move from its mean position (Stationary waves)

to the extreme position. The distance between two 12. A nylon guitar string has a linear density of 7.20
consecutive particles, which are at their mean g/m and is under a tension of 150 N. The fixed
position, is 2.0 cm. Find the frequency, the supports are distance D = 90.0 cm apart. The string
wavelength and the wave speed. is oscillating in the standing wave pattern shown in
figure. Calculate the (a) speed wavelength, and (c)
frequency of the traveling waves whose
9. A 200 Hz wave with amplitude 1 mm travels on a superposition gives this standing wave.
long string of linear mass density 6 g/m kept under D
a tension of 60 N. (a) Find the average power
transmitted across a given point on the string. (b)
Find the total energy associated with the wave in a
2.0m long portion of the string.
13. A string oscillates according to the equation

Section D – Reflection and transmission   –1  

y=(0.50 cm) sin  cm  x  cos [(40  s–1)t]
between 2 string  3  

10. A travelling wave of amplitude 5 A is partially What are the (a) amplitude and (b) speed of the
reflected from a boundary with the amplitude 3 A. two waves (identical except for direction of travel)
whose superposition gives this oscillation ? (c) What
Due to superposition of two waves with different
is the distance between nodes ? (d) What is the
amplitudes in opposite directions a standing wave
transverse speed of a particle of the string at the
pattern is formed. Determine the amplitude at node
position x = 1.5 cm when t = 9/8 s ?
and antinodes.

Section F – Stationary waves in strings,

11. The equation of a plane wave travelling along vibration in string wave, sono
meter wire
2
positive direction of x-axis is y = a sin (vt – x)
 14. A string vibrates in 4 loops with a frequency of
When this wave is reflected at a rigid surface and 400 Hz.
its amplitude becomes 80%, then find the equation (a) What is its fundamental frequency ?
of the reflected wave (b) What is frequency will cause it to vibrate into
7 loops.

15. A sonometer wires resonates with a given tuning

fork forming standing waves with five antinodes
between the two bridges when a mass of 9 kg is
suspended from the wire. When this mass is
replaced by M, the wire resonates with the same
tuning fork forming three antinodes for the same
position of bridges. Find the value of M.

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.39

Exercise - 3 | Level-II Subjective | JEE Advanced

Section A – Equation of Wave, Particle Section C – Super position principle

Velocity and Acceleration interference of waves

1. The figure shows a snap photograph of a

5. A string that is stretched between fixed supports
vibrating string at t = 0. The particle P is
separated by 75.0 cm has resonant frequencies of
observed moving up with velocity 20 cm/s. The
420 and 315 Hz with no intermediate resonant
angle made by string with x-axis at P is 6°.
frquencies. What are
y
–3 (a) the lowest resonant frequencies and (b) the wave
(in10 m)
4 P speed ?
x
0 1.5 3.5 5.5 7.5
–2
(in10 m) 6. A string fixed at both ends is vibrating in the lowest
(a) Find the direction in which the wave is moving mode of vibration for which a point at quarter of its

(b) the equation of the wave lengths from one end is a point of maximum
displacement. The frequency of vibration in this
(c) the total energy carried by the wave per cycle
mode is 100 Hz. What will be the frequency emitted
of the string, assuming that , the mass per unit
length of the string = 50 gm/m. when it vibrates in the next mode such that this
point is again a point of maximum displacement.

2. A uniform rope of length L and mass m is held at

one end and whirled in a horizontal circle with Section D – Reflection and transmission
angular velocity . Ignore gravity. Find the time between 2 string
required for a transverse wave to travel from one
end of the rope to the other. 7. In a stationary wave pattern that forms as a result
of reflection of waves from an obstacle the ratio of
the amplitude at an antinode and a node is  = 1.5.
Section B – Speed of transverse wave on
What percentage of the energy passes across the
string, energy in waves
obstacle?
3. A symmetrical triangular pulse of maximum height
0.4m and total length 1 m is moving in the positive
8. A 6.00 m segment of a long string has a mass of
x-direction on a string on which the wave speed is
180 g. A high-speed photograph shows the at
24 m/s. At t = 0 the pulse is entirely located between
segment contains four complete cycles of wave.
x = 0 and x = 1 m. Draw a graph of the transverse
velocity of particle of string versus time at x = +1m. The string is vibrating sinusoidally with a frequency
of 50.0 Hz and a peak=to-valley displacement of
15.0 cm. (The "peak-to-valley" displacement is the
4. A uniform rope of length 12 m and mass 6 kg hange
vertical distance from the farthest positive
vertically from a rigid support. A block of mass
displacement to the farthest negative displacement.
2kg is attached to the free end of the rope. A
transverse pulse of wavelength 0.06 m is produced (a) Write the function that describes this wave
at the lower end of the rope. What is the wavelength traveling in the positive x direction. (b) Determine
of the pulse when it reaches the top of the rope ? the power being supplied to the string.

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.40 Theory and Exercise Book

Section E – Equation of standing wave Section F – Stationary waves in strings,

(Stationary waves) vibration in string wave, sono
meter wire
9. What are (a) the lowest frequency, (b) the second
lowest frequency, and (c) the third lowest frequency
11. A steel wire of length 1 m and density
for standing waves on a wire that is 10.0 m long
8000 kg m–3 is stretched tightly between two rigid
has a mass of 100 g. and is stretched under a tension
supports. When vibrating in its fundamental mode,
of 250 N which is fixed at both ends ?
its frequency is 200 Hz.
(a) What is the velocity of transverse waves along
10. In an experiment of standing waves, a string 90 cm this wire ?
long is attached to the prong of an electrically driven
(b) What is the longitudinal stress in the wire?
tuning fork that oscillates perpendicular to the length
of the string at a frequency of 60 Hz. The mass of (c) If the maximum acceleration of the wire is 800
the string is 0.044 kg. What tension must the string ms–2, what is the amplitude of vibration at the mid-
be under (weights are attached to the other end) if point ?
it is to oscillate in four loops ?
12. A guitar string is vibrating in its fundamental mode,
with nodes at each end. The length of the segment
of the string that is free to vibrate is 0.386 m. The
maximum transverse acceleration of a point at the
middle of the segment is 8.40 × 103 m/s2 and the
maximum transverse velocity is 3.80 m/s.
a) What is the amplitude of this standing wave?
b) What is the wave speed for the transverse
traveling waves on this string?

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
 WAVES 2.41

Exercise - 4 | Level-I Previous Year | JEE Main

1. A string is stretched between fixed points separated 5. A travelling wave represented by

by 75.0 cm. It is observed to have resonant y  Asin  ωt  kx  is superimposed on another
frequencies of 420 Hz and 315 Hz. There are no wave represented by y  Asin  ωt  kx  . The
other resonant frequencies between these two. resultant is [AIEEE 2011]
Then, the lowest resonant frequency for this (A) A standing wave having nodes at
string is [AIEEE 2006]  1λ
(A) 105 Hz (B) 1.05 Hz x   n   , n  0,1,2
 22
(C) 1050 Hz (D) 10.5 Hz (B) A wave travelling along + x direction
(C) A wave travelling along - x direction
2. A wave travelling along the x-axis is described by nλ
(D) A standing wave having nodes at x  ; n=0, 1, 2
the equation y(x,t) = 0.005 cos  αx  βt  . If the 2

wavelength and the time period of the wave are

6. Statement I Two longitudinal waves given by
0.08 m and 2.0s, respectively. then α andβ in
equations- y1  x, t   2asin  ωt  kx  and
appropriate units are [AIEEE 2008]
y 2  x, t   asin  2ωt  2 kx  will have equal
0.08 2.0 intensity. [AIEEE 2011]
(A) α  25.00π,β  π (B) α  ,β 
π π Statements II Intensity of waves of given
0.04 1.0 π frequency in same medium is proportional to square
(C) α  ,β  (D) α  12.50π,β  fo amplitude only.
π π 2.0
(A) Statement I is true, Statement II is true
(B) Statement I is true, Statement II is false
3. The equation of a wave on a string of linear mass (C) Statement I is true, Statement II true; Statement
density 0.04 kg m–1 is given by II is the correct explanation of Statement I
(D) Statement I is true, Statement II is true; Statement
  t x 
y = 0.02 (m) sin  2 π    II is not correct explanation of Statement I
  0.04(s) 0.50(m) 
The tension in the string is [AIEEE 2009] 7. A uniform string of length 20 m is suspended from
(A) 4.0 N (B) 12.5 N a rigid support. A short wave pulse is introduced at
(C) 0.5 N (D) 6.25 N its lowest end. It starts moving up the string. The
time taken to reach the support is :
4. The transverse displacement y (x, t) of awave on a (take g = 10 ms–2) [AIEEE 2016]


 ax 2  bt 2  2 ab xt  (A) 2 s (B) 2 2 s
string is given by y  x, t   e . This
represents a [AIEEE 2011] (C) 2 s (D) 2 2 s
b
(A) wave moving in-x direction with speed
a 8. A pipe open at both ends has a fundamental
frequency f in air. The pipe is dipped vertically in
(B) standing wave of frequency b water so that half of it is in water. The fundamental
1 frequency of the air column is now :[AIEEE 2016]
(C) standing wave of frequency 3f
b (A) (B) 2f
4
a f
(D) wave moving in + x direction with speed (C) f (D)
b 2

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2.42 Theory and Exercise Book

Exercise - 4 | Level-II Previous Year | JEE Advanced

1. A transverse harmonic disturbance is produced in 5. When two progressive waves y1 = 4 sin (2x – 6t)
a string. The maximum transverse velocity is 3 m/s
and maximum transverse acceleration is 90 m/s2. If  
and y2 = 3 sin  2x  6t   are superimposed, the
the wave velocity is 20 m/s then find the waveform.  2
[JEE-2005] amplitude of the resultant wave is : [JEE 2010]

2. A massless rod is suspended by two identical strings 6. A horizontal stretched string, fixed at two ends, is
AB and CD of equal length. A block of mass m is vibrating in its fifth harmonic according to the
suspended from point O such that BO is equal to equation, y(x,t) = (0.01 m) sin [(62.8 m-1)x] cos
‘x’. Further, it is observed that the frequency of 1st
[ 628s 1  t] Assuming   = 3.14, the correct
harmonic (fundamental frequency) in AB is equal
to 2nd harmonic frequency in CD. Then, length of statement (s) is (are) [JEE-2013]
BO is [JEE-2006] (A) The number of nodes is 5.
L (B) The length of the string is 0.25 m.
(A)
5 (C) The maximum displacement of the midpoint of
C
A the string, from its equilibrium position is 0.01 m.
L
(B) (D) The fundamental frequency is 100 Hz.
4

4L B D 7. One end of a taut string of length 3m along the x

(C)
5 axis is fixed at x = 0. The speed of the waves in the
L
x string is 100 ms-1. The other end of the string is
3L m vibrating in the direction so that stationary waves
(D)
4 are set up in the string. the possible waveform of
these stationary waves is (are)
3. A transverse sinusoidal wave moves along a string [JEE Advanced 2014]
in the positive x-direction at a speed of 10 cm/s. x 50 t
The wavelength of the wave is 0.5 m and its ampli- (A) y (t) = A sin cos
6 3
tude is 10 cm. At a particular time t, the snap-shot
of the wave is shown in figure. The velocity of point x 100t
P when its displacement is 5 cm is Figure : (B) y (t) = A sin cos
3 3
y
3 5x 250t
(A) ĵ m/s P (C) y (t) = A sin cos
50 6 3
x
3 ˆ 5x
(B) – j m/s (D) y (t) = A sin cos 250 t
50 2
3 3 ˆ
(C) î m/s (D) – i m/s
50 50 8. Four harmonic waves of equal frequencies and equal
[JEE-2008] intensities I0 have phase angles 0, /3, 2/3 and .
when they are superposed, the intensity of the
4. A 20 cm long string, having a mass of 1.0 g, is fixed resulting wave is nI0. The value of n is -
at both the ends. The tension in the string is 0.5 N.
[JEE-2015]
The string is set into vibrations using an external
vibrator of frequency 100 Hz. Find the separation
(in cm) between the successive nodes on the string.
[JEE 2009]

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 WAVES 2.43

Exercise - 1 Objective Problems | JEE Main

1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. A 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. C
11. C 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. D
21. C 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B
26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B
31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. A

Exercise - 2 (Leve-I) Objective Problems | JEE Main

1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C
6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. C
11. B 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. C
16. C 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A
26. D 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B
31. C

Exercise - 2 (Level-II) Multiple Correct | JEE Advanced

1. A,B,C,D 2. B,C,D 3. B,C 4. C,D 5. A,D
6. C 7. B,D 8. B,C 9. A,D 10. A,B
11. A,C 12. A,C 13. C,D 14. C,D

Exercise - 3 | Level-I Subjective | JEE Advanced

2
1. (a) amplitude A = 5 mm ; (b) wave number k = 1 cm–1 ; (c) wavelength  = = 2 cm
k

 60 1 
(d) frequency v = = Hz ; (e) time period T = = s
2 2 v 30
(f) wave velocity u = n = 60 cm/s
10 
2. (a) im / s (b) –5.48 cm (c) 0.667 m, 5.00 Hz (d) 11.0 m/s
3
3. (a) 10  rad/s (b) /2 rad/m (c) y = (0.120m) sin (1.57x – 31.4 t) (d) 1.2  m/s
(e) 118 m/s2
1 2
4. Ar = – cm, At = cm 5. 0.2 cm 6. 0.02 s
3 3
7. (a) 0.52 m ; (b) 40 m/s ; (c) 0.40 m 8. 50 Hz, 4.0 cm, 2.0 m/s

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43
2.44 Theory and Exercise Book

2 
9. (a) 0.47 W, (b) 9.4 mJ 10. 2 A, 8 A 11. y = 0.8 a sin ( vt  x  )
 2
12. (a) 144 m/s ; (b) 60.0 cm ; (c) 241 Hz
13. (a) 0.25 cm (b) 1.2 × 102 cm/s; (c) 3.0 cm; (d) 0
14. (a) 100 Hz (b) 700 Hz 15. 25 kg

Exercise - 3 | Level-II Subjective | JEE Advanced

 1 
1. (a) negative x; (b) y = 4 × 10 –3 sin 100  3 t  0.5 x   (x, y in meter) ;
 400 
vp
19.2 m/s

(c) 144  × 10–5 J 2.
2
3. 1/48 sec1/24 sec t
–19.2m/s
4. 0.12 m 5. (a) 105 Hz ; (b) 158 m/s
6. 300 Hz 7. 4. 96% 8. (a) y=(7.50 cm) sin (4.19 x–314 t) (b) 625 W

5 10 5 10
9. (a) Hz ; (b) 5 10 Hz ; (c) Hz 10. 36 N
2 2

11. (a) C = 400 ms–1 ; (b) stress =1.28 × 109 Nm–2 ; (c) a = 0.02/42

12. a. 1.72 × 10–3 m. ; b. 272 m/s.

Exercise - 4 | Level-I Previous Year | JEE Main

1. A 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. A
6. B 7. B 8. C

Exercise - 4 | Level-II Previous Year | JEE Advanced

3
1. y = (10 cm) sin (30 t ± x + f) 2. A 3. A 4. 5
2
5. 5 6. B, C 7. A,C,D 8. 3

Plot no. 46, Corner Building, Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota, 9214233303|43