UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal

Subject Code: IT608 Subject: Data Science

Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Describe data Science, Big data scenario and the skill sets needed to be a data scientist.
CO2 Explain utility of sampling, central tendency measures, regression for statistical modelling.
CO3 Identify suitable model selection parameters for different machine learning techniques.
CO4 Apply and integrate machine learning libraries and mathematical and statistical tools with
recent technologies like Hadoop and MapReduce.
CO5 Use of R Language to carry out basic statistical modelling and analysis.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Introduction, Grasping the Fundamentals of Big Data, The Evolution of Data Management, Defining Big Data,
Building a Successful Big Data Management Architecture, Beginning with capture, organize, integrate, analyze,
and act, Setting the architectural foundation, Performance matters, Big Data Types, Defining Structured Data,
sources of big structured data, role of relational databases in big data, Defining Unstructured Data, sources of
unstructured data, Integrating data types into a big data environment

Unit II
Statistics- Population, Sample, Sampled data, Sample space, Random sample, Sampling distribution, Variable,
Variation, Frequency, Random variable, Uniform random variable, Exponential random variable, Mean, Median,
Range, Mode, Variance, Standard deviation, Correlation, Linear Correlation, Correlation and Causality, Regres-
sion, Linear Regression, Linear Regression with Nonlinear Substitution, Classification, Classification Criteria, Naive
Bayes Classifier, Support Vector Machine

Unit III
Introduction Data Analytics, Drivers for analytics, Core Components of analytical data architecture, Data ware-
house architecture, column oriented database, Parallel vs. distributed processing, Shared nothing data architecture
and Massive parallel processing, Elastic scalability, Data loading patterns, Data Analytics lifecycle: Discovery, Data
Preparation, Model Planning, Model Building, Communicating results and findings, Methods: K means clustering,
Association rules.

Unit IV
Data Science Tools- Cluster Architecture vs Traditional Architecture, Hadoop, Hadoop vs. Distributed databases,
The building blocks of Hadoop, Hadoop datatypes, Hadoop software stack, Deployment of Hadoop in data center,
Hadoop infrastructure, HDFS concepts, Blocks, Namenodes and Datanodes, Overview of HBase, Hive, Cassandra
and Hypertable, Sqoop.

Unit V
Introduction to R, Data Manipulation and Statistical Analysis with R, Basics, Simple manipulations, Numbers and
vectors, Input/Output, Arrays and Matrices, Loops and conditional execution, functions, Data Structures, Data
transformations, Strings and dates, Graphics.

Reference:
1. Big Data For Dummies by Judith Hurwitz, Alan Nugent, Fern Halper, Marcia Kaufman, Wiley, ISBN: 978-
1-118-50422-2, 2013
2. Data Analytics, Models and Algorithms for Intelligent Data Analysis by Runkler, Thomas A., Springer Vieweg
, ISBN 978-3-8348-2589-6, 2013
3. Big Data Analytics with R and Hadoop, by Vignesh Prajapati, Packt Publication, ISBN 978-1-78216-328-2,
2013

1 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT609 Subject: Soft Computing
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Discuss artificial neural network Models.
CO2 Apply learning rules for training supervised neural networks.
CO3 Classify data using unsupervised neural network models.
CO4 Build fuzzy inference system for a desired application
CO5 Optimize solution to given problem by use of genetic algorithm.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Introduction to Neural Network: Concept, biological neural network, evolution of artificial neural network ,McCulloch-
Pitts neuron models, Learning (Supervised & Unsupervised) and activation function, Models of ANN-Feed forward
network and feedback network, Learning Rules- Hebbian, Delta, Perceptron Learning and Windrow-Hoff, winner
take all.

Unit II
Supervised Learning: Perceptron learning,- Single layer/multilayer, linear Separability, Adaline, Madaline, Back
propagation network, RBFN. Application of Neural network in forecasting, data compression and image compres-
sion.

Unit III
Unsupervised learning: Kohonen SOM (Theory, Architecture, Flow Chart, Training Algorithm) Counter Propaga-
tion (Theory , Full Counter Propagation NET and Forward only counter propagation net), ART (Theory, ART1,
ART2). Application of Neural networks in pattern and face recognition, intrusion detection, robotic vision.

Unit IV
Fuzzy Set: Basic Definition and Terminology, Set-theoretic Operations, Member Function, Formulation and Param-
eterization, Fuzzy rules and fuzzy Reasoning, Extension Principal and Fuzzy Relations, Fuzzy if-then Rules, Fuzzy
Inference Systems. Hybrid system including neuro fuzzy hybrid, neuro genetic hybrid and fuzzy genetic hybrid,
fuzzy logic controlled GA. Application of Fuzzy logic in solving engineering problems.

Unit V
Genetic Algorithm: Introduction to GA, Simple Genetic Algorithm, terminology and operators of GA (individual,
gene , fitness , population, data structure, encoding, selection, crossover, mutation, convergence criteria). Reasons
for working of GA and Schema theorem, GA optimization problems including JSPP (Job shop scheduling prob-
lem), TSP (Travelling salesman problem), Network design routing, timetabling problem. GA implementation using
MATLAB.

Reference:
1. S.N. Shivnandam, “Principle of soft computing”, Wiley.
2. S. Rajshekaran and G.A.V. Pai, “Neural Network , Fuzzy logic And Genetic Algorithm”, PHI. Jack M. Zurada.
3. “Introduction to Artificial Neural Network System” JAico Publication. Simon Haykins
4. “Neural Network- A Comprehensive Foudation”.
5. Timothy [Link], “Fuzzy logic with Engineering Applications”, McGraw-Hills.
Suggested Topics for Experiment::
1. Form a perceptron net for basic logic gates with binary input and output.

2 Academic Session 2023-24

2. Using Adaline net, generate XOR function with bipolar inputs and targets.
3. Calculation of new weights for a Back propagation network, given the values of input pattern, output pattern,
target output, learning rate and activation function.
4. Construction of Radial Basis Function Network.

5. Use of Hebb rule to store vector in auto associative neural net.

6. Use of ART algorithm to cluster vectors.
7. Design fuzzy inference system for a given [Link] the function y =3x2 + 2 for some given values
of x using Genetic algorithm. Implement Travelling salesman problem using Genetic Algorithm.

8. Optimisation of problem like Job shop scheduling using Genetic algorithm.

3 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT603 Subject: Computer Graphics & Multimedia
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Explain display technique and input and output devices.
CO2 Apply the plotting/filling algorithms for drawing different shapes.
CO3 Utilize the 2D/3D transformations ,projections ,clipping ,shading for object visualization.
CO4 Explain multimedia. and its various components.
CO5 Outline compression and decompression techniques for various file formats.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Computer Graphics Application: Introduction to Computer Graphics, Application of Computer Graphics. Com-
puter Display for Graphics Output: Flat-Panel Displays, Raster Scan Systems, Random Scan Systems, Storage tube
displays, refreshing, flickering, interlacing, color monitors, display processors resolution. Graphics Input Devices:
Keyboards, Mouse, Trackball and Spaceball, Joysticks, Data Glove, Digitizers, Image Scanners, Touch Panels, Light
Pens. Scan conversion techniques, image representation.

Unit II
Points & lines, Line drawing algorithms, Digital Differential Analyzer algorithm, Bresenham’s line algorithm, Circle
generation algorithm, Bresenham’s circle generation algorithm, Ellipse generating algorithm; scan line polygon, fill
algorithm, boundary fill algorithm, flood fill algorithm.

Unit III
2D & 3D Co-ordinate system, Translation, Rotation, Scaling, Reflection Inverse transformation, Composite trans-
formation, world coordinate system, Viewing pipeline, Window to viewport co-ordinate, parallel and perspective
projection, Representation of 3D object on 2D screen. Point Clipping. Line Clipping Algorithms, Polygon Clip-
ping algorithms, Introduction to Hidden Surface elimination, Basic illumination model, diffuse reflection, specular
reflection, phong shading, Gourand shading ray tracing, color models like RGB, YIQ, CMY, HSV etc.

Unit IV
An Introduction – Multimedia applications – Multimedia System Architecture – Evolving technologies for Multi-
media – Defining objects for Multimedia systems – Multimedia Data interface standards – Multimedia Databases,
Multimedia components, Multimedia Hardware, SCSI, IDE, MCI, Multimedia -Tools, presentation tools, Authoring
tools.

Unit V
Compression & Decompression – Multimedia Data & File Format standards :-TIFF, MIDI, JPEG, DIB, MPEG,RTF,
– Multimedia I/O technologies - Digital voice and audio – Video image and animation–Full motion video – Storage
and retrieval technologies.

Reference:
1. Donald Hearn and [Link] Baker, “Computer Graphics C Version”, Pearson Education, 2003

2. Prabat K Andleigh and Kiran Thakrar, “Multimedia Systems and Design”, PHI Learning, 3rd Indian reprint
edition , 2008.
3. Tay Vaughan, “Multimedia making it work”, Tata McGraw Hill edition.
4. Amarendra N Sinha & Arun D Udai , “Computer Graphics”, McGraw Hill publication.

5. Mukherjee, “Fundamental of Computer Graphics and Multimedia”, PHI Learning.

4 Academic Session 2023-24

Suggested Topics for Experiment::
1. Write a program to implement DDA line drawing algorithm.
2. Write a program to implement Bresenhames’ line drawing algorithm.
3. Write a program to implement Bresenhames’ circle drawing algorithm.

4. Write a program to draw an ellipse using Bresenhames’ algorithm.

5. Write a program to perform various transformations on line, square & rectangle.
6. Write a program to implement Cohen Sutherland line clipping algorithm.

7. Write a program to implement Liang-Bersky line clipping algorithm.

8. Write a program to implement Cohen-Sutheland polygon clipping algorithm to clip a polygon with a Pattern.
9. Write a program to convert a color given in RGB space to it’s equivalent CMY color space.
10. Study of various Multimedia file formats:-RTF, MIDI, GIF, JPEG, MPEG, TIFF etc.

11. Write a program to implement JPEG compression scheme for still images.
12. Write a program to perform Packbits compression & decompression.
13. Write a short program to create a TIFF file using bitmap segments and text files as the TIFF File components.
14. Write a program to convert a BMP file into either JPEG or GIF file.

5 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT610(A) Subject: Cloud Computing (Elective-I)
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Understand cloud models and study of various cloud computing platforms.
CO2 Describe various cloud services and management.
CO3 Illustrate virtualization technologies.
CO4 Understand security issues in cloud computing.
CO5 Study SOA and issues in cloud computing.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Introduction of Grid and Cloud computing, characteristics, components, business and IT perspective, cloud ser-
vices requirements, cloud models, Security in public model, public verses private clouds, Cloud computing platforms:
Amazon EC2, Platform as Service: Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure, Utility Computing, Elastic Computing.

Unit II
Cloud services- SAAS, PAAS, IAAS, cloud design and implementation using SOA, conceptual cloud model, cloud
stack, computing on demand, Information life cycle management, cloud analytics, information security, virtual
desktop infrastructure, storage cloud.

Unit III
Virtualization technology: Definition, benefits, sensor virtualization, HVM, study of hypervisor, logical partitioning-
LPAR, Storage virtualization, SAN, NAS, cloud server virtualization, virtualized data center.

Unit IV
Cloud security fundamentals, Vulnerability assessment tool for cloud, Privacy and Security in cloud, Cloud comput-
ing security architecture: Architectural Considerations- General Issues, Trusted Cloud computing, Secure Execu-
tion Environments and Communications, Micro- architectures; Identity Management and Access Control-Identity
management, Access control, Autonomic Security, Cloud computing security challenges: Virtualization securit y
management-virtual threats, VM Security Recommendations, VM-Specific Securit y techniques, Secure Execution
Environments and Communications in cloud.

Unit V
SOA and cloud, SOA and IAAS, cloud infrastructure benchmarks, OLAP, business intelligence, e-Business, ISV,
Clod performance monitoring commands, issues in cloud computing. QOS issues in cloud, mobile cloud computing,
Inter cloud issues, Sky computing, Cloud Computing Platform, Xen Cloud Platform, Eucalyptus, OpenNebula,
Nimbus, TPlatform, Apache Virtual Computing Lab (VCL), Anomaly Elastic Computing Platform.

Reference:
1. [Link] Saurabh, “Cloud Computing”, Wiley India.

2. Ronald Krutz and Russell Dean Vines, “Cloud Security”, Wiley-India.

3. Judith Hurwitz, [Link], [Link], [Link], “Computing for Dummies”, Wiley India Edition.
4. Anthony [Link] Toby [Link], “Cloud Computing – A Practical Approach”, TMH.
5. Barrie Sosinsky, ‘Cloud Computing Bible”, Wiley India.

6 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT610(B) Subject: Microprocessor and Interfacing( Elective – I)
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Illustrate addressing modes instruction and architecture of 8085.
CO2 Develop assembly language programs in 8085.
CO3 Explain process of interfacing peripheral devices to microprocessor 8085.
CO4 Explain architecture,addressing modes of 8086 & compare them those of 8085 microprocessor.
CO5 Outline the application of 8051 microcontroller.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Microprocessor 8085 :Evolution of Microprocessor,Architecture of 8085 microprocessor,Addressing modes,Instruction
set,Time-Delay loops,Stack, Subroutines.

Unit II
Assembly language programming using 8085 microprocessor :Assembly language programs of 8085 microprocessor.

Unit III
I/O and Memory Interfacing Using 8085:Memory interfacing,Programmable peripheral Interface 8255 ,Programmable
Counter/Interval Timer 8253 ,DMA Controller 8257,Programmable Keyboard and Display I/O Interface-8279.

Unit IV
8086 microprocessor : pin diagram,architecture of 8086, registers,memory, addressing modes.

Unit V
Introduction to microcontrollers: 8051 pin diagram and architecture ,I/O configuration , interrupts ,addressing
modes ,overview of instruction set ,application of microcontroller in embedded system.

Reference:

1. Gaonkar, “Microprocessor Architecture, Programming & Applications with 8085”, TMH

2. Douglas V Hall, “Microprocessors and interfacing – Programming & Hardware” TMH
3. Ray, Bhurchandi, “Advanced Microprocessor and peripherals” TMH Pub
4. Rafiquzzaman, “Microprocessors-Theory & Applications”, PHI

5. M.A mazibi Gillispie Mazidi, The 8051 microcontroller and Embedded system, Pearson Education
6. Barry B. Brey the Intel microprocessor ,Pearson

7 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT610(C) Subject: Artificial Intelligence (Elective-I)
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Discuss production system and searching algorithms.
CO2 Apply knowledge representation methods.
CO3 Discuss probability theory and apply advance knowledge representation method.
CO4 Analyze Game Playing Techniques and discuss Natural language processing.
CO5 Discuss learning techniques.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Meaning and definition of artificial intelligence, various types of production systems, Characteristics of production
systems, Study and comparison of breadth first search and depth first search. Techniques, other Search Techniques
like hill Climbing, Best first Search. A* algorithm, AO* algorithms etc, and various types of control strategies.

Unit II
Knowledge Representation, Problems in representing knowledge, knowledge representation using propositional and
predicate logic, comparison of propositional and predicate logic, Resolution, refutation, deduction, theorem proving,
inferencing, monotonic and non-monotonic reasoning.

Unit III
Probabilistic reasoning, Baye’s theorem, semantic networks, scripts, schemas, frames, conceptual dependency, fuzzy
logic, forward and backward reasoning.

Unit IV
Game playing techniques like minimax procedure, alpha-beta cut-offs etc, planning, Study of the block world prob-
lem in robotics, Introduction to understanding and natural languages processing.

Unit V
Introduction to learning, Various techniques used in learning, introduction to neural networks, applications of neural
networks, common sense, reasoning, some example of expert systems.

Reference:
1. Rich E and Knight K, “Artificial Intelligence”, TMH, New Delhi.

2. Nelsson N.J., “Principles of Artificial Intelligence”, Springer Verlag.

8 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT605 Subject: Compiler Design
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Explain concepts of compiler and its application.
CO2 Implement parsing techniques.
CO3 Study Syntax directed translation.
CO4 Illustrate intermediate code generation.
CO5 Understand Code optimization techniques.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Introduction to Compiler, analysis of source program, phases and passes, Bootstrapping, lexical analyzers, data
structures in compilation – LEX: lexical analyzer generator, Input buffering, Specification and Recognition of to-
kens, YACC, The syntactic specification of programming languages: Context free grammars, derivation and parse
trees, capabilities of CFG.

Unit II
Syntax Analysis: working of Parser, Top down parsing, Bottom-up parsing, Operator precedence parsing, predic-
tive parsers, LR parsers (SLR, Canonical LR, LALR), constructing SLR parsing tables, constructing Canonical LR
parsing tables, Constructing LALR parsing tables, using ambiguous grammars, an automatic parser generator.

Unit III
Syntax Directed Translation: Definitions, Inherited Attributes, L-attributed definitions, S-attributed definitions,
Dependency graph, Construction of syntax trees, Top down translation, postfix notation, bottom up evaluation.

Unit IV
Intermediate Code Generation: Three address code, quadruple & triples, translation of assignment statements,
Boolean expression and control structures, Backpatching, Storage allocation strategies, parameter passing, Symbol
table.

Unit V
Code Optimization and Generation: organization of code optimizer, basic blocks and flow graphs, DAG represen-
tation of basic blocks, loops in flow graph, peephole optimization, Basic of block optimization.

Reference:
1. Alfred V Aho, Jeffrey D. Ullman, “Principles of Compiler Design”, Narosa.
2. Ronald Mak, “Writing Compilers and Interpreters”, Third Edition Wiley India Edition.

3. Louden, “Compiler Construction”, Cengage learning.

4. Aho, Sethi & Ullman, ”Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools”, Pearson Education.
Suggested Topics for Experiment::

1. Develop on LL (1) parser (Construct parse table also).

2. Design and implementation of syntax directed line editor.
3. Write a program for generating for various intermediate code forms i) Three address code ii) Polish notation.
4. To write a program in a suitable high level to carry out lexical analysis of an input program in H.L.L. (Pascal,
Fortran etc.)

9 Academic Session 2023-24

 5. Generate Lexical analyzer using LEX.
6. To write a program to generate machine code for restricted expressions.
7. Design and implementation of a linkage editor on an existing installation.
8. Design of a cross assembler on existing installation.

9. Generate YACC specification for a few syntactic categories.

10. Given any intermediate code form implement code optimization techniques.

10 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT611 Subject: Computer Programming-IV( Dot Net/R Programming)
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Describe Dot Net framework architecture and elements of Dot net.
CO2 Illustrate Object Oriented Concept using C# language of .Net.
CO3 Create web pages using [Link] and windows applications using dot net framework.
CO4 Learn basic R data types, install and load add-in packages.
CO5 Apply R programming for data analytics.
Course Contents:
Unit I
Introduction .NET framework, features of .Net framework, architecture and component of .Net, elements of .Net.
Basic Features Of C# Fundamentals, Classes and Objects, Inheritance and Polymorphism, Operator Overloading,
Structures. Advanced Features Of C# Interfaces, Arrays, Indexers and Collections; Strings and Regular Expres-
sions, Handling Exceptions, Delegates and Events.

Unit II
Installing [Link] framework, overview of the ASP .net framework, overview class library, overview of [Link]
control, understanding HTML controls, study of controls, validations controls, rich controls. Windows Forms: All
about windows form, MDI form, creating windows applications, adding controls to forms, handling Events, and
using various Tolls, Introduction to Rational Team Concert (RTC).

Unit III
Understanding and handling controls events, [Link]- Component object model, ODBC, OLEDB, and SQL con-
nected mode, disconnected mode, dataset, data-reader Data base controls: Overview of data access data control,
using grid view controls, using details view and frame View controls, ado .net data readers, SQL data source control,
object data source control, site map data source.

Unit IV
Introduction to R programming, Installing R, IDEs and Text Editors, Installing R packages, Help functions in
R, Iteration/Conditional statement, arithmetic operators, logical operators, use of functions. Data types, Data
structures, creating variables, Numeric, character and logical data, vectors, data frames, factors, special values.

Unit V
Data exploration and visualization, Using the ggplot2 package to visualize data, Statistical graphs, Data querying:
SQL and R, Data Analytics using R: Linear Regression, Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Time series, Clustering,
Association rules, Text Mining.

Reference:
1. Harvey Deitel,Paul Deitel,” C# for Programmers”, Pearson Education.
2. Balagurusamy, “Programming in C#”, TMH.
3. McDonald, “ ASP .Net Complete Reference”, TMH.
4. Mark Gardener, “ Beginning R – The Statistical Programming Language”, Wiley, 2013
5. Seema Acharya, “Data Analytics Using R”, McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited.
Suggested Topics for Experiment::
1. Working with call backs and delegates in C#
2. Code access security with C#.

11 Academic Session 2023-24

 3. Creating a COM+ component with C#.
4. Creating a Windows Service with C#
5. Interacting with a Windows Service with C#
6. Using Reflection in C#

7. Sending Mail and SMTP Mail and C#

8. Perform String Manipulation with the String Builder and String Classes and C#.
9. Using the System .Net Web Client to Retrieve or Upload Data with C#

10. Program on data types in R.

11. Program to plot various plots in R.
12. Program on database query in R.
13. Program on data analytics in R.

12 Academic Session 2023-24

 UIT-RGPV (Autonomous) Bhopal
Subject Code: IT607 Subject: Minor Project
Semester: VI

For credits & marks refer your scheme

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course student will be able to:
CO1 Identify domain through literature review.
CO2 Define Problem statement.
CO3 Apply suitable software development model and select appropriate implementation tool for
the problem.
CO4 Prepare the test cases to test the system in entirety.
CO5 Demonstrate the working project and its social - technical impacts.
Course Contents:
Prerequisites:
Web page designing (HTML, CSS), scripting languages (JavaScript), programming languages (Core JAVA, .Net),
knowledge of database (SQL/ORACLE) etc. (Already covered in previous semesters)
Front end tools that may be used:
HyperText Markup Language (HTML)
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)
JavaScript
Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)
Java, Dot Net etc
Back end tools that may be used:
SQL/ MySQL/ Oracle/ Ms Access etc

Objective:
To design and implement project (expendable) based on prerequisites like
Design of Total Business Solution
Online Examination System
Multi User Chat System
E-tutor system
Online recruitment system
College information tracking system.
Student information system

Reference:
1. David Schultz and Craig Cook, “Beginning HTML with CSS and XHTML” Apress.

2. Chuck Easttom, “Advanced JavaScript— Third Edition” Wordware Publishing, Inc.

3. Ivor Horton’s, “Beginning Java 2, JDK 5 Ed.”, Wiley India.
4. Naughton & Schildt, “The Complete Reference Java 2”, Tata McGraw Hill.
5. Deitel, “Java- How to Program:” Pearson Education, Asia.

6. McDonald, “ASP .Net Complete Reference”, TMH.

7. Harvey Deitel,Paul Deitel,” C# for Programmers”, Pearson Education.
8. Balagurusamy, “Programming in C#”, TMH.

13 Academic Session 2023-24