SAFETY DATA SHEET

BP Butane

Section 1. Identification
GHS product identifier BP Butane
Product code 0000002705
SDS no. 0000002705
Historic SDS no. YSTSC
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Use of the substance/ Industrial applications
mixture For specific application advice see appropriate Technical Data Sheet or consult our
company representative.
Manufacturer
Supplier BP Australia Pty Ltd
Level 17, 717 Bourke Street
Docklands, Victoria 3008
ABN 53 004 085 616

[Link]

Technical Helpline Number: 1300 139 700

EMERGENCY TELEPHONE 1800 638 556
NUMBER

Section 2. Hazard(s) identification

Classification of the FLAMMABLE GASES - Category 1
substance or mixture GASES UNDER PRESSURE - Liquefied gas

GHS label elements

Hazard pictograms

Signal word DANGER

Hazard statements H220 - Extremely flammable gas.
H280 - Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated.
Precautionary statements
Prevention P210 - Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames and other ignition
sources. No smoking.
Response P377 - Leaking gas fire: Do not extinguish, unless leak can be stopped safely.
P381 - In case of leakage, eliminate all ignition sources.
Storage P410 + P403 - Protect from sunlight. Store in a well-ventilated place.
Disposal Not applicable.
Supplemental label Keep container tightly closed. Use only with adequate ventilation. Do not enter
elements storage areas and confined spaces unless adequately ventilated.

Other hazards which do not Acts as a simple asphyxiant.

result in classification At very high concentrations, can displace the normal air and cause suffocation from
lack of oxygen.
Liquid can cause burns similar to frostbite.

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Section 3. Composition and ingredient information
Substance/mixture Mixture
Petroleum gas. A small quantity of stenching agent is commonly added to assist in leak detection.
Contains: Butane/isobutane ≥ 85%. Contains <0.10% 1,3-butadiene.
Ingredient name % (v/v) CAS number
Butane 0 - ≥99 106-97-8
Isobutane 0 - ≥99 75-28-5
Butylene ≤10 25167-67-3
Ethane ≤5 74-84-0
Propylene ≤5 115-07-1
pentane ≤2 109-66-0
There are no additional ingredients present which, within the current knowledge of the supplier and in the
concentrations applicable, are classified as hazardous to health or the environment and hence require
reporting in this section.
Occupational exposure limits, if available, are listed in Section 8.

Section 4. First aid measures

Description of necessary first aid measures
Eye contact Contact with liquid: Immediately flush with plenty of tepid water (105-115° F; 41-46°
C). DO NOT USE HOT WATER. Get immediate medical attention.
Inhalation If inhaled, remove to fresh air. Get medical attention if symptoms occur.
Skin contact Contact with liquid: Immediately flush with plenty of tepid water (105-115° F; 41-46°
C). DO NOT USE HOT WATER. Get immediate medical attention.

Do not use hot water. Flush contaminated skin with plenty of water. Drench
contaminated clothing with water before removing. This is necessary to avoid the
risk of sparks from static electricity that could ignite contaminated clothing.
Contaminated clothing is a fire hazard. Contaminated leather, particularly footwear,
must be discarded. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Clean shoes
thoroughly before reuse. In case of contact with liquid, warm frozen tissues slowly
with lukewarm water and get medical attention. Get medical attention if symptoms
occur. Do not apply ointment or powders. DO NOT rub or compress the burnt area
of skin. DO NOT attempt to remove portions of clothing glued to the skin, but cut
round them.
Ingestion Not applicable (gas).

Most important symptoms/effects, acute and delayed

See Section 11 for more detailed information on health effects and symptoms.
Indication of immediate medical attention and special treatment needed, if necessary
Notes to physician Treatment should in general be symptomatic and directed to relieving any effects.
Treat cold burns as frostbite.
Specific treatments No specific treatment.
Protection of first-aiders No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training. If it
is suspected that fumes are still present, the rescuer should wear an appropriate
mask or self-contained breathing apparatus. It may be dangerous to the person
providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation.

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Section 5. Firefighting measures
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing If gas has ignited, do not attempt to extinguish but stop gas flow and allow to burn
media out. Use water spray to cool heat-exposed containers, and to protect surrounding
areas and personnel effecting shut-off.
Unsuitable extinguishing Do not use water jet.
media

Specific hazards arising Contains gas under pressure. Extremely flammable gas. Gas may accumulate in
from the chemical low or confined areas or travel a considerable distance to a source of ignition and
flash back, causing fire or explosion. In a fire or if heated, a pressure increase will
occur and the container may burst, with the risk of a subsequent explosion. The
vapour/gas is heavier than air and will spread along the ground.
Hazardous thermal Combustion products may include the following:
decomposition products carbon oxides (CO, CO2) (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide)

Special protective actions No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without suitable training.
for fire-fighters Promptly isolate the scene by removing all persons from the vicinity of the incident if
there is a fire. Move containers from fire area if this can be done without risk. Use
water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. If involved in fire, shut off flow
immediately if it can be done without risk. If this is impossible, withdraw from area
and allow fire to burn. Fight fire from protected location or maximum possible
distance. Eliminate all ignition sources if safe to do so. In case of fire, allow gas to
burn if flow cannot be shut off immediately. Apply water from a safe distance to cool
container and protect surrounding areas. Every precaution must be taken to keep
containers cool to avoid the possibility of a boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion
(BLEVE). Pressurised containers are liable to explode violently when subjected to
high temperatures.
Special protective Fire-fighters should wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus
equipment for fire-fighters (SCBA) and full turnout gear. For incidents involving large quantities, thermally
insulated undergarments and thick textile or leather gloves should be worn.
Hazchem code 2YE
Remark May form explosive mixtures with air.

Section 6. Accidental release measures

Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
For non-emergency Immediately contact emergency personnel. Accidental releases pose a serious fire
personnel or explosion hazard. No action shall be taken involving any personal risk or without
suitable training. Evacuate surrounding areas. Keep unnecessary and unprotected
personnel from entering. Do not touch or walk through spilt material. No flares,
smoking or flames in hazard area. Avoid breathing gas. Provide adequate
ventilation. Put on appropriate personal protective equipment. Floors may be
slippery; use care to avoid falling. Eliminate all ignition sources.
For emergency responders Do not enter a vapour cloud except for rescue; self-contained breathing apparatus
must be worn. A gas detector or instrument to detect explosive atmospheres
(explosimeter) can be used to check for combustible gas or vapour in an
atmosphere, but it needs care and training to be used safely. Use suitable
protective equipment. Liquid leaks generate large volumes of extremely flammable
gas. See also the information in "For non-emergency personnel".

Environmental precautions Ensure emergency procedures to deal with accidental gas releases are in place to
avoid contamination of the environment. Avoid dispersal of spilt material and runoff
and contact with soil, waterways, drains and sewers. Inform the relevant authorities
if the product has caused environmental pollution (sewers, waterways, soil or air).

Methods and material for containment and cleaning up

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Section 6. Accidental release measures
Small spill Immediately contact emergency personnel. Stop leak if without risk. Use spark-
proof tools and explosion-proof equipment.
Large spill Immediately contact emergency personnel. Stop leak if without risk. Use spark-
proof tools and explosion-proof equipment. The method and equipment used must
be in conformance with appropriate regulations and industry practice on explosive
atmospheres.

Section 7. Handling and storage

Precautions for safe handling
Protective measures Put on appropriate personal protective equipment (see Section 8). Contains gas
under pressure. Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Avoid breathing gas.
Use only with adequate ventilation. Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is
inadequate. Do not enter storage areas and confined spaces unless adequately
ventilated. Store and use away from heat, sparks, open flame or any other ignition
source. Use explosion-proof electrical (ventilating, lighting and material handling)
equipment. Use only non-sparking tools. Empty containers retain product residue
and can be hazardous. Do not puncture or incinerate container.
Advice on general Eating, drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is
occupational hygiene handled, stored and processed. Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove
contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating areas. See
also Section 8 for additional information on hygiene measures.

Conditions for safe storage, Store in accordance with local regulations. Store in a segregated and approved
including any area. Store away from direct sunlight in a dry, cool and well-ventilated area, away
incompatibilities from incompatible materials (see Section 10). Eliminate all ignition sources. Keep
away from heat and direct sunlight. Keep container tightly closed and sealed until
ready for use.

Section 8. Exposure controls and personal protection

Control parameters
Occupational exposure limits
Ingredient name Exposure limits
Butane Safe Work Australia (Australia).
TWA: 1900 mg/m³ 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
5/1995
TWA: 800 ppm 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
5/1995
Isobutane ACGIH TLV (United States). Explosive
potential.
STEL: 1000 ppm 15 minutes. Issued/
Revised: 6/2013
Butylene ACGIH TLV (United States).
TWA: 250 ppm 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
1/2008
Ethane ACGIH TLV (United States). Oxygen
Depletion [Asphyxiant]. Explosive
potential.
Propylene ACGIH TLV (United States).
TWA: 500 ppm 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
12/2005
pentane Safe Work Australia (Australia).
STEL: 2210 mg/m³ 15 minutes. Issued/
Revised: 5/1995
STEL: 750 ppm 15 minutes. Issued/
Revised: 5/1995
TWA: 1770 mg/m³ 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
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Section 8. Exposure controls and personal protection
5/1995
TWA: 600 ppm 8 hours. Issued/Revised:
5/1995

Appropriate engineering All activities involving chemicals should be assessed for their risks to health, to
controls ensure exposures are adequately controlled. Personal protective equipment should
only be considered after other forms of control measures (e.g. engineering controls)
have been suitably evaluated. Personal protective equipment should conform to
appropriate standards, be suitable for use, be kept in good condition and properly
maintained.
Your supplier of personal protective equipment should be consulted for advice on
selection and appropriate standards. For further information contact your national
organisation for standards.
Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the relevant
airborne concentrations below their respective occupational exposure limits.
The final choice of protective equipment will depend upon a risk assessment. It is
important to ensure that all items of personal protective equipment are compatible.
Environmental exposure Emissions from ventilation or work process equipment should be checked to ensure
controls they comply with the requirements of environmental protection legislation. In some
cases, fume scrubbers, filters or engineering modifications to the process
equipment will be necessary to reduce emissions to acceptable levels.

Individual protection measures

Hygiene measures Wash hands, forearms and face thoroughly after handling chemical products, before
eating, smoking and using the lavatory and at the end of the working period.
Appropriate techniques should be used to remove potentially contaminated clothing.
Wash contaminated clothing before reusing. Ensure that eyewash stations and
safety showers are close to the workstation location.
Eye/face protection Safety glasses with side shields. If there is a risk of liquid release or vapour
pressure jets (e.g. during filling operations) wear a full face visor, chemical goggles
and helmet to prevent cold burns / frostbite.
Skin protection
Hand protection Wear suitable gloves. To prevent cold burns and frostbite wear cold resistant and
impervious gauntlets/gloves. The correct choice of protective gloves depends upon
the chemicals being handled, the conditions of work and use, and the condition of
the gloves (even the best chemically resistant glove will break down after repeated
chemical exposures). Most gloves provide only a short time of protection before they
must be discarded and replaced. Because specific work environments and material
handling practices vary, safety procedures should be developed for each intended
application. Gloves should therefore be chosen in consultation with the supplier/
manufacturer and with a full assessment of the working conditions.
Skin protection Use of protective clothing is good industrial practice.
Personal protective equipment for the body should be selected based on the task
being performed and the risks involved and should be approved by a specialist
before handling this product.
When handling cylinders wear protective footwear and suitable gloves.
Cotton or polyester/cotton overalls will only provide protection against light
superficial contamination that will not soak through to the skin. Overalls should be
laundered on a regular basis. When the risk of skin exposure is high (e.g. when
cleaning up spillages or if there is a risk of splashing) then chemical resistant aprons
and/or impervious chemical suits and boots will be required.
Other skin protection Appropriate footwear and any additional skin protection measures should be
selected based on the task being performed and the risks involved and should be
approved by a specialist before handling this product.

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Section 8. Exposure controls and personal protection
Respiratory protection Use with adequate ventilation.
Ensure good ventilation.
In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment.
Approved air-supplied breathing apparatus must be worn where there is a risk of
oxygen deficiency (i.e. low oxygen concentration).
Respiratory protective equipment must be checked to ensure it fits correctly each
time it is worn.
Air-filtering respirators, also called air-purifying respirators, will not be adequate
under conditions of oxygen deficiency (i.e. low oxygen concentration), and would not
be considered suitable where airborne concentrations of chemicals with a significant
hazard are present. In these cases air-supplied breathing apparatus will be required.
The correct choice of respiratory protection depends upon the chemicals being
handled, the conditions of work and use, and the condition of the respiratory
equipment. Safety procedures should be developed for each intended application.
Respiratory protection equipment should therefore be chosen in consultation with
the supplier/manufacturer and with a full assessment of the working conditions.
Thermal hazards If there is a risk of contact with the liquid, all protective equipment worn should be
suitable for use with extremely low temperature materials.
Refer to standards: Respiratory protection:AS/NZS 1715 and AS/NZS 1716
Gloves:AS/NZS 2161.1
Eye protection:AS/NZS 1336 and AS/NZS 1337

Section 9. Physical and chemical properties

Appearance
Physical state Liquefied gas.
Colour Colourless.
Odour Sulphurous.
Odour threshold 0.001 ppm Based on Ethyl mercaptan
pH Not applicable. Based on Solubility in Water (Very slightly soluble in water)
Melting point -138°C (-216.4°F)
Boiling point <-2°C (<28.4°F)
Flash point Closed cup: <-50°C (<-58°F) [Pensky-Martens.]
Evaporation rate Not applicable (gas).
Flammability (solid, gas) Extremely flammable
Lower and upper explosive Lower: 1.9%
(flammable) limits Upper: 9%
Vapour pressure ≤520 kPa (≤3900 mm Hg) [40°C (104°F)]
Vapour density 1.9 to 2.1 [Air = 1]
Relative density <1
Density 580 kg/m³ (0.58 g/cm³) at 15°C
Solubility Very slightly soluble in water
Partition coefficient: n- 2.89 Based on Butane.
octanol/water
Auto-ignition temperature 365°C (689°F)
Decomposition temperature Not available.
Viscosity Not applicable. Based on physical state.

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Section 10. Stability and reactivity
Reactivity No specific test data available for this product. Refer to Conditions to avoid and
Incompatible materials for additional information.
Chemical stability The product is stable.
Possibility of hazardous Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous reactions will not occur.
reactions Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous polymerisation will not
occur.
Conditions to avoid Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Do not pressurise, cut, weld,
braze, solder, drill, grind or expose containers to heat or sources of ignition. Do not
allow gas to accumulate in low or confined areas.
Incompatible materials Reactive or incompatible with the following materials: oxidising materials.
Hazardous decomposition Under normal conditions of storage and use, hazardous decomposition products
products should not be produced.

Section 11. Toxicological information

Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
Product/ingredient name Result Species Dose Exposure
Butane LC50 Inhalation Gas. Mouse - Male 520400 ppm 2 hours
Conclusion/Summary Not classified. Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met.
Mutagenicity
Product/ingredient name Test Experiment Result
Butane OECD 473 Experiment: In vitro Negative
Subject: Mammal - species
unspecified
Cell: Somatic
OECD 471 Experiment: In vitro Negative
Subject: Non-mammalian species
OECD 471 Experiment: In vitro Negative
Subject: Non-mammalian species
OECD 474 Experiment: In vivo Negative
Subject: Unspecified
Cell: Somatic
Conclusion/Summary Not classified. Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met.
Reproductive toxicity
Product/ingredient name Maternal Fertility Developmental Species Dose Exposure
toxicity toxin
Butane - Negative Negative Rat Inhalation 42 days
- Negative Negative Rat Inhalation 42 days
- - Negative Rat Inhalation 14 days
- Negative - Rat Inhalation 90 days
Conclusion/Summary Not classified. Based on available data, the classification criteria are not met.
Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure)
Name Category Route of Target organs
exposure
pentane Category 3 - Narcotic effects
Aspiration hazard
Name Result
pentane ASPIRATION HAZARD - Category 1

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Section 11. Toxicological information
Information on likely routes Routes of entry anticipated: Dermal, Inhalation.
of exposure
Potential acute health effects
Eye contact Liquid can cause burns similar to frostbite.
Inhalation At very high concentrations, can displace the normal air and cause suffocation from
lack of oxygen. High vapour concentrations may produce symptoms of oxygen
deficiency which, coupled with central nervous system depression, may lead to rapid
loss of consciousness.
Skin contact Dermal contact with rapidly evaporating liquid could result in freezing of the tissues
or frostbite.
Ingestion Ingestion of liquid can cause burns similar to frostbite.

Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics

Eye contact Adverse symptoms may include the following:
frostbite
Inhalation Adverse symptoms may include the following:
nausea or vomiting
headache
drowsiness/fatigue
dizziness/vertigo
unconsciousness
Skin contact Adverse symptoms may include the following:
frostbite
Ingestion Adverse symptoms may include the following:
frostbite

Delayed and immediate effects as well as chronic effects from short and long-term exposure
Ingestion Ingestion of large quantities may cause nausea and diarrhoea.
General No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Carcinogenicity No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Mutagenicity No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Teratogenicity No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Developmental effects No known significant effects or critical hazards.
Fertility effects No known significant effects or critical hazards.

Other information This material is an asphyxiant. Asphyxiants may reduce the oxygen concentration in
the air to dangerous levels. Symptoms of lack of oxygen include increased depth
and frequency of breathing, air hunger, dizziness, headache, nausea or loss of
consciousness.

High vapour concentrations can cause headaches, dizziness, drowsiness and

nausea and may lead to unconsciousness. Exposure to vapor may have the
following effects: heartbeat irregularity (arrhythmia)

Section 12. Ecological information

Toxicity
Product/ingredient name Result Species Exposure
Butane EC50 7.71 mg/l Fresh water Algae 96 days
LC50 14.22 mg/l Fresh water Daphnia 48 hours
LC50 24.11 mg/l Fresh water Fish 96 hours

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Section 12. Ecological information
Persistence and degradability
Expected to be biodegradable.

Bioaccumulative potential
This product is not expected to bioaccumulate through food chains in the environment.
Product/ingredient name LogPow BCF Potential
Butane 2.89 - low
Isobutane 2.8 - low
Butylene 2.31 to 2.4 - low
Ethane 1.09 - low
Propylene 1.77 - low
pentane 3.45 - low

Mobility in soil
Soil/water partition Not available.
coefficient (KOC)
Mobility Spillages are unlikely to penetrate the soil. This product is likely to volatilise rapidly
into the air because of its high vapour pressure.

Other ecological information Unlikely to cause long term effects in the aquatic environment.

Section 13. Disposal considerations

Disposal methods The generation of waste should be avoided or minimised wherever possible.
Significant quantities of waste product residues should not be disposed of via the
foul sewer but processed in a suitable effluent treatment plant. Dispose of surplus
and non-recyclable products via a licensed waste disposal contractor. Disposal of
this product, solutions and any by-products should at all times comply with the
requirements of environmental protection and waste disposal legislation and any
regional local authority requirements. Empty pressure vessels should be returned to
the supplier. Waste packaging should be recycled. Incineration or landfill should
only be considered when recycling is not feasible. This material and its container
must be disposed of in a safe way. Empty containers or liners may retain some
product residues. Do not puncture or incinerate container.
Special Precautions for No additional special precautions identified.
Landfill or Incineration

Section 14. Transport information

ADG IMDG IATA
UN number UN1011 UN1011 UN1011

UN proper Butane Butane Butane

shipping name
Transport hazard 2.1 2.1 2.1
class(es)

Packing group - - -
Environmental No. No. No.
hazards

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Section 14. Transport information
Additional Hazchem code 2YE Emergency schedules Quantity limitation
information Initial emergency response F-D, S-U Passenger and Cargo Aircraft:
guide 04 Forbidden. Cargo Aircraft
Only: 150 kg. Limited
Quantities - Passenger
Aircraft: Forbidden.

Special precautions for user No known special precautions required. See Section: "Handling and storage" for
additional information.

Section 15. Regulatory information

Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Medicines and Poisons
Not regulated.
Model Work Health and Safety Regulations - Scheduled Substances
No listed substance
Montreal Protocol
Ingredient name List name Status
Not listed.

Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants

Ingredient name List name Status
Not listed.

Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent (PIC)

Ingredient name List name Status
Not listed.

International lists
National inventory
REACH Status For the REACH status of this product please consult your company contact, as
identified in Section 1.
Australia inventory (AICS) Contact supplier for regulatory information.
Canada inventory Not determined.
China inventory (IECSC) Not determined.
Japan inventory (ENCS) Not determined.
Korea inventory (KECI) Not determined.
Philippines inventory Not determined.
(PICCS)
Taiwan Chemical Not determined.
Substances Inventory
(TCSI)
United States inventory Not determined.
(TSCA 8b)

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Section 16. Any other relevant information
History
Date of printing 4/21/2021
Date of issue/Date of 4/21/2021
revision
Date of previous issue 1/25/2016
Version 2
Prepared by Product Stewardship
Key to abbreviations ADG = Australian Dangerous Goods
ATE = Acute Toxicity Estimate
BCF = Bioconcentration Factor
GHS = Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals
IATA = International Air Transport Association
IBC = Intermediate Bulk Container
IMDG = International Maritime Dangerous Goods
LogPow = logarithm of the octanol/water partition coefficient
MARPOL = International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution From Ships,
1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978. ("Marpol" = marine pollution)
NOHSC = National Occupational Health and Safety Commission
REACH = Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals
Regulation [Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006]
STEL = Short term exposure limit
SUSMP = Standard Uniform Schedule of Medicine and Poisons
UN = United Nations
TWA = Time weighted average
VOC = Volatile Organic Compound
SADT = Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature
Varies = may contain one or more of the following 64741-88-4, 64741-89-5,
64741-95-3, 64741-96-4, 64742-01-4, 64742-44-5, 64742-45-6, 64742-52-5,
64742-53-6, 64742-54-7, 64742-55-8, 64742-56-9, 64742-57-0, 64742-58-1,
64742-62-7, 64742-63-8, 64742-65-0, 64742-70-7, 72623-85-9, 72623-86-0,
72623-87-1
Procedure used to derive the classification
Classification Justification
FLAMMABLE GASES - Category 1 On basis of test data
GASES UNDER PRESSURE - Liquefied gas On basis of test data
Indicates information that has changed from previously issued version.
Notice to reader
All reasonably practicable steps have been taken to ensure this data sheet and the health, safety and environmental
information contained in it is accurate as of the date specified below. No warranty or representation, express or implied
is made as to the accuracy or completeness of the data and information in this data sheet.

The data and advice given apply when the product is sold for the stated application or applications. You should not use
the product other than for the stated application or applications without seeking advice from BP Group.

It is the user’s obligation to evaluate and use this product safely and to comply with all applicable laws and regulations.
The BP Group shall not be responsible for any damage or injury resulting from use, other than the stated product use
of the material, from any failure to adhere to recommendations, or from any hazards inherent in the nature of the
material. Purchasers of the product for supply to a third party for use at work, have a duty to take all necessary steps to
ensure that any person handling or using the product is provided with the information in this sheet. Employers have a
duty to tell employees and others who may be affected of any hazards described in this sheet and of any precautions
that should be taken. You can contact the BP Group to ensure that this document is the most current available.
Alteration of this document is strictly prohibited.

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