OOPS NOTES

BY

RAJAT MISHRA
 UNIT I -UNIFIED PROCESS AND USE CASE DIAGRAMS
SYLLABUS: Introduction to OOAD with OO Basics - Unified Process – UML diagrams – Use Case – Case study –
the Next Gen POS system, Inception -Use case Modelling – Relating Use cases – include, extend and generalization
– When to use Use-cases.
PART-A
Q.No. Question Level Competence
1 Define OOAD. BTL1 Remember
2 What is Analysis and Design? BTL1 Remember
3 Distinguish between method and messages in object. BTL2 Understand
4 What is the main advantage of Object Oriented Development? BTL1 Remember
5 Point out what test can help to find useful use cases? BTL4 Analyze
6 Give the different formats of use cases. BTL2 Understand
7 What is an object? Give an example BTL1 Remember
8 What is UML? List out the UML Diagrams. BTL1 Remember
9 Classify the kinds of actors in use case. BTL4 Analyze
10 Define Unified Process(UP). List the 4 phases in UP. BTL1 Remember
11 Illustrate the concepts of Generalization Relationship. BTL3 Apply
12 Compare Include and Extend use case relationships. BTL4 Analyze
13 Describe POS system and list the components of POS system. BTL2 Understand
14 Give the primary goals in the design of UML BTL2 Understand
15 Illustrate the relationship used in Use case. BTL3 Apply
16 What are the three ways and perspectives to Apply UML? BTL3 Apply
17 Generalize the concepts of use case modeling. BTL6 Create
18 When to use Use cases? Evaluate it. BTL5 Evaluate
19 Generalize your views about inception in Use case. BTL6 Create
Evaluate and Name the UML diagrams used for the following:
a) Modeling Requirements
20 b) Modeling Workflows BTL5 Evaluate
c) Modeling behavior of an object.
d) Interaction between groups of objects.

PART-B
Q.No. Question Level Competence
1 Discuss about UML. (13) BTL2 Understanding
Briefly explain about the different phases of Unified Process with a neat diagram.
2 BTL4 Analyze
(13)

Explain with an example, how Use Case Modeling is used to describe the functional
3 BTL4 Analyze
requirements. Identify the actors, scenario and Use Case for the example. (13)
(i) Inspect the basic activities in OOA and explain how Use Case Modeling is useful BTL1 Remember
4
in analysis. (8)
(ii) Examine the guidelines for writing and finding Use Cases. (5)
Write a problem statement for Library Management System. Perform the Object
Oriented System Development and give the Use Case model for the same (use
5 BTL6 Create
include, extend and generalization) and design the UML Use Case diagram for the
same. (13)
Prepare& analyze a suitable example showing the various relationships used in Use
6 BTL4 Analyze
Case and also give a short note on each relationship. (13)
7 List the various UML diagram and explain about the UML diagrams in detail with
BTL1 Remember
neat diagrams. (13)
Describe the following
(i) UP disciplines (5)
8 BTL1 Remember
(ii) OOA and OOD (4)
(iii) Abstract and Base Use Case (4)
9 What is a POS system? Summarize about Inception Phase. (13) BTL2 Understand
(i) Illustrate the steps and explain how to find Use cases with an example. (8)
10 BTL3 Apply
(ii) Rank the 3 kinds of actors and explain the 3 common Use Case formats.(5)
(i) Recall the various sections in the Use Case template with example. (8) BTL1 Remember
11
(ii) List the guidelines to be followed when writing Use Case. (5)
Explain the benefits and concepts of Use Case and Use Case model and evaluate the
12 BTL5 Evaluate
ATM system by relating Use Cases. (13)
13 Discuss about the Use Case modeling with example. (13) BTL1 Understand
14 Apply Use Case modeling for Payroll system in UML. (13) BTL3 Apply

PART-C

Q.No. Question Level Competence

(i) What is the Unified process? Is the UP iterative and incremental? Explain. (7)
(ii) Design the use case diagram for the following specification:
A coffee Vending machine dispenses coffee to customer’s .Customers orders coffee
by selecting a recipe from a set of recipe. Customer pay for the coffee using coin.
1
Change is given back. The 'Service staff ' loads ingredients (coffee powder, milk, BTL5 Evaluate
sugar, water and chocolate) into the coffee machine. The service staff can also add a
recipe by indicating the name of the coffee, the units of coffee powder milk, sugar,
water and chocolate to be added as well as the cost of the coffee. (8)
A Library lends books and magazines to member, who is registered in the system. It
also maintains the purchase of new books and magazines for the Library. A member
can reserve a book or magazine that is not currently available in the library, so that
Create
2 when it is returned or purchased by the library, that person is notified. The library BTL6
can easily create, replace and delete information about the books, members, and
reservation in the system. The books transactions are stored in the database. The fine
list while the member returns the book after the due date must be generated. Design
 the use case diagram and discover the users and actors of this system, and the
interactions between them must be depicted. (15)

Design and illustrate the use case model for activities involved in ordering food in a
3 restaurant from the point when the customer enters a restaurant to the point when he BTL6 Create
leaves the restaurant. (15)
Explain the benefits and concepts of use case and use case model and analyze the
4 BTL4 Evaluate
relating use cases for ATM system. (15)

UNIT II -DESIGN PATTERNS AND METHODOLOGY

SYLLABUS: GRASP: Designing objects with responsibilities – Creator – Information expert – Low Coupling – High
Cohesion – Controller Design Patterns – creational – factory method – structural – Bridge – Adapter – behavioural –
Strategy – observer –Applying GoF design patterns – Mapping design to code – methodology – Survey – Rumbaugh,
Booch, Jacobson Methods
PART-A

Q.No. Question Level Competence

1. Define Design Pattern. BTL1 Remember

2. Identify when a pattern is said to be a good pattern. BTL3 Apply

3. “A system must be loosely coupled and highly cohesive”-Justify. BTL5 Evaluate

4 Organize the limitations of Factory Pattern. BTL3 Apply

5. Define modular design. BTL1 Remember

6. Analyze the situation to use Factory method pattern and its advantages. BTL4 Analyze

7. Generalize your view on creator BTL6 Create

Interpret the list of structural patterns used during design phase of software
8. development.
BTL5 Evaluate

9. Analyze the benefits of Low coupling. BTL4 Analyze

10. Interpret the need of Information Expert. BTL2 Understand

11. Compare and contrast coupling and cohesion. BTL2 Understand

12. What are the steps for mapping design to code? BTL1 Remember
Analyze as to which object oriented methodology is well suited for
(i) Design
13. (ii) Analysis BTL4 Analyze
(iii) Full life cycle
(iv) Real time systems.
14. Define Refactoring. BTL1 Remember

15. Generalize the Booch system development process. BTL6 Create

16. Outline the benefits and the types of adapter pattern. BTL2 Understand

17. Define Observer Pattern. BTL1 Remember

18. List the four phases of object oriented modeling Techniques (OMT). BTL1 Remember

19. Interpret the benefits of controller and give an outline on bloated controller. BTL2 Understand
 20. Identify the benefits of bridge pattern. BTL3 Apply
PART-B

Q.No. Question Level Competence

What is GRASP? Describe the design patterns and principles used in it. (13)
1 BTL1 Remember
(i) Analyze the design principles in object modeling. (5)
2 BTL4 Analyze
(ii) Examine in detail the GRASP method for designing objects with example.(8)
3 Identify your views about Structural patterns with suitable example. (13) BTL3 Apply
4 Generalize your idea on Controller pattern with example and also write short note on
BTL6 Create
bloated controller. (13)
Illustrate the following GRASP patterns:
(i) Creator (3)
5 Understand
(ii) Information Expert (4) BTL2
(iii) Low coupling (3)
(iv) High cohesion (3)
Give an account on Factory method. (13) Understand
6 BTL2
Identify and describe the patterns that can be used for the following.
(i) To provide an interface for crating families of objects without specifying classes.
7 (7) BTL3 Apply
(ii) To ensure that a class has only one instance and provide a global point of access
to it. (6)
What are the steps involved in mapping design to code?Recall it with an example.
8 BTL1 Remember
(13)
9 Describe in detail about Behavioral pattern. (13) BTL1 Remember
Recall in detail about GOF Design pattern and describe it. (13)
10 BTL1 Remember
(i) Differentiate Adapter and Bridge pattern. (7)
11 (ii) Analyze the concept of Singleton pattern. (6) BTL4 Analyze

12 Summarize in detail about Rumbaugh method. (13) BTL2 Understand

(i) Examine the diagrams associated with Booch Methodology. (7)
13 (ii) Analyze and highlight the features of Jacobson methodology. (6) BTL4 Analyze

14 (i) Compare cohesion and coupling with suitable example.(8)

BTL5 Evaluate
(ii) Evaluate and state the role and patterns while developing system design. (5)
PART-C

Q.No. Question Level Competence

Assess the various categories of Design pattern. Explain the creational pattern by
1 using with Maze game. (15) BTL5 Evaluate

Generalize the design principles in object modeling. Explain in detail the GRASP
2 methods for designing objects and Describe about the implementation model BTL6 Create
(Mapping design to code) and give the NextGen POS program solution. (15)
Summarize the Observer pattern for a problem of your choice and discuss about the
3 BTL6 Create
solution with neat diagram. (15)
Explain Jacobson and Rumbaugh methodology and compare it to Booch
4 methodology. In which aspect Booch analysis is successful? (15) BTL5 Evaluate
 UNIT III -STATIC UML DIAGRAMS
SYLLABUS: Class Diagram–– Elaboration – Domain Model – Finding conceptual classes and description classes –
Associations – Attributes – Domain model refinement – Finding conceptual class Hierarchies – Aggregation and
Composition - Relationship between sequence diagrams and use cases – When to use Class Diagrams
PART-A
Q.No. Question Level Competence
1 Define Class diagram. BTL1 Remember
2 List the relationships used in class diagram. BTL1 Remember
3 What is an attribute? Mention its types. BTL1 Remember
What do you mean by sequence number in UML? Analyze Where and for what it is
4 BTL4 Analyze
used?
5 Express the meaning of Elaboration and What are the tasks performed in elaboration? BTL2 Understand
6 Express why we call a domain model a “Visual Dictionary". BTL2 Understand
7 Define Domain Model. How to create a Domain model? BTL6 Create
8 Define Conceptual class. BTL1 Remember
9 Rank the 3 strategies to find conceptual class. BTL5 Evaluate
10 Differentiate aggregation and composition. BTL4 Analyze
11 Estimate the purpose of association relationship. BTL6 Create
12 Give the meaning of abstract conceptual class BTL1 Remember
13 Identify the usage of Description class. BTL3 Apply
14 Organize the guideline to partition a class into subclass. BTL3 Apply
15 Illustrate When to use class diagram. BTL2 Understand
16 When to define new data type classes? BTL1 Remember
17 Interpret the meaning of Generalization. BTL2 Understand
18 Compare qualified association and reflexive association. BTL5 Evaluate
19 Experiment with an example how to name an association in UML with its guidelines. BTL3 Apply
20 Distinguish sequence diagram and Use case diagram. BTL4 Analyze

PART-B

Q.No. Question Level Competence

What is System Sequence Diagram? Illustrate the relationship between sequence

1 BTL4 Analyze
diagram and Use Case with example. (13)
Design the class diagram for Airline Reservation System. Find and draw the
2 BTL6 Create
conceptual classes for the same. (13)
Summarize the Elaboration phase. Discuss the difference between elaboration and
3 BTL2 Understand
inception with example. (13)
(i) Describe the strategies used to identify the conceptual classes.(10)
4 (ii) Mention the steps to create a domain model used for representing the conceptual BTL2 Understand
classes. (3)
(i) Illustrate the concepts of Domain model with example. (8)
5 BTL3 Apply
(ii) Show when to model with Description classes with example. (5)
 For the Next Gen POS systems design, summarize the following Conceptual class
hierarchies.
(i) Conceptual super class (3)
6 BTL5 Evaluate
(ii) (ii)Conceptual subclass (3)
(iii) Authorization Transaction classes. (3)
(iv) Abstract Conceptual classes. (4)
(i) Describe the UML notation for class diagram with example. (7)
7 BTL1 Remember
(ii) Describe the concepts of link, association and Inheritance. (6)

8 Discuss about attributes with example. (13) BTL2 Understand

9 Explain in detail about domain Model refinement. (13) BTL4 Analyze

Analyze the guidelines to define a conceptual subclass and conceptual super class
10 BTL4 Analyze
with suitable example. (13)
What are the guidelines used to partition the classes in the domain model to be
11 BTL1 Remember
organized into packages? Explain with suitable examples. (13)
Discuss on
(i) Active Class (4)
12 (ii) User Defined compartments (3) BTL1 Remember
(iii) Singleton class (3)
(iv) Interfaces (3)

13 Describe briefly about association classes and association role. (13) BTL1 Remember

14
(i) Illustrate about aggregation and composition with example. (10)
BTL3 Apply
(ii) Mention the guidelines to be followed. (3)
PART-C

Q.No. Question Level Competence

With a suitable example, evaluate and explain how to design a class. Give all possible
1 representation in a class (such as: name, attribute, visibility, methods, and BTL5 Evaluate
responsibilities). (15)
A University conducts examinations and the results are announced. Prepare a report
for the following.
• Print the marks in the register number order semester
wise for each department
2 • Print the Arrear list semester wise. BTL6 Create
• Prepare a Rank list for each department.
• Prepare the final aggregate mark list for final year students.
Identify the problem statement and Design and Explain the classes for each sequence.
Design the Use case, Class, and Sequence diagrams for designing this system. (15)
Construct design for Library Information System which comprises the following
notations and explain them.
3 (i) Aggregation (5) BTL6 Create
(ii) Composition (5)
(iii) Association (5)
Design the Class diagram for Hospital management system? Find and draw
4 conceptual classes for the same? (13) BTL5 Evaluate

UNIT IV -DYNAMIC AND IMPLEMENTATION UML DIAGRAMS

SYLLABUS: Dynamic Diagrams – UML interaction diagrams - System sequence diagram – Collaboration diagram –
When to use Communication Diagrams - State machine diagram and Modelling –When to use State Diagrams - Activity
diagram – When to use activity diagrams Implementation Diagrams - UML package diagram - When to use package
diagrams - Component and Deployment Diagrams – When to use Component and Deployment diagrams

PART-A
Q.No. Question Level Competence
1 Express the use of Sequence Diagram. BTL2 Understand
2 Compare sequence diagram and collaboration diagram. BTL2 Understand
3 Identify what is by System Behavior? How to name System events and Operations. BTL3 Apply
4 Define Event, State and Transition. BTL1 Remember
5 Define Package. Mention the three layers of package diagram. BTL1 Remember
6 Analyze the use of UML Package Diagram BTL4 Analyze
7 List the common notations used in interaction diagram BTL1 Remember
8 Create a state machine diagram for Process Sale. BTL6 Create
9 Define Component. BTL1 Remember
Demonstrate the similarities and dissimilarities of state independent and State
10 BTL2 Understand
dependent objects.
11 Compare and Contrast Component and Deployment diagram BTL5 Evaluate
12 Mention the purpose of Activity diagram and specify its elements. BTL1 Remember
13 Name the basic elements of a Deployment diagram. BTL1 Remember
Organize and Show the relationship between Interaction and Class diagram with
14 BTL3 Apply
example.
15 Outline the need for State Diagram. BTL2 Understand
16 Differentiate Class diagram and Interaction diagram. BTL4 Analyze
17 Experiment the term Classifier with an example. BTL3 Apply
18 Create SSD for Borrow book scenario. BTL6 Create
19 Justify the use of rake symbol with an example. BTL5 Evaluate
20 Compare and Contrast asynchronous and synchronous message. BTL4 Analyze

PART-B

Q.No. Question Level Competence

Summarize with an example, how Interaction Diagram are used to model the
1 BTL2 Understand
dynamic aspects of a system. (13)
2 Describe the basic Communication diagram notations. (13) BTL1 Remember

3 Illustrate about UML Deployment and Component diagram with an example. (13) BTL2 Understand

4 Interpret about UML state machine diagram and Modeling. (13) BTL2 Understand

5
Compare sequence diagram and communication diagram with suitable example.(13) BTL4 Analyze

(i) Analyze the UML activity diagram, using an example point out the features of
6 basic UML activity diagram notation. (8) BTL4 Analyze
(ii) Inspect the constructs (notations) used in an activity diagram? (5)
 (i) What is the purpose of State Chart diagram (4)
7 BTL2 Remember
(ii) Recall how to draw state chart diagram with an example. (9)
(i) Design and explain the activity diagram for an Online Purchase System. (7)
8 (ii) Represent the activity diagram for the following Scenario, Booking a ticket on BTL6 Creating
Indian railways e-ticket system (IRCTC). (6)
9
Describe briefly about logical architecture and UML package diagram. (13) BTL1 Remember

(i) What is SSD? Determine the notations used in sequence diagram. (5)
10 BTL5 Evaluate
(ii) Determine SSD for Library Management System. (8)
(i) When to use activity diagrams. (3)
11 BTL1 Remember
(ii) Describe the Implementation diagrams with example. (10)
12 Examine briefly about UML sequence diagram notations with example. (13) BTL4 Analyze
(i) Identify when to use UML deployment and Component diagrams. (7)
13 (ii) Draw the diagrams for banking applications. (6) BTL3 Apply

With an example make ue of the notations used in sequence diagram for the
following:
(i) Object destruction (2)
14 (ii) Frames (2) BTL3 Apply
(iii) Conditional message (3)
(iv) Mutually exclusive conditional message (3)
(v) Iterations over a collection (3)

PART-C

Q.No. Question Level Competence

Consider the Hospital Management System application with the following
requirement
(i) System should handle the in- patient and out-patient information through
1 receptionist. BTL6 Create
(ii) Doctors are allowed to view the patient history and give their prescription.
(iii) There should be an Information system to provide the required information.
Give the state chart, Component and Deployment diagram. (5+5+5)
For an ATM system, every user has to be validated with a PIN number to make a
transaction. A customer is allowed 3times to validate card giving the correct PIN
2
number. Show the Use Case representation for the same and summarize the "Validate BTL5 Evaluate
User" Use Case using sequence diagram. Assess and represent the activity diagram
for the same. (15)
Consider an elevator that has the basic functions such as moving up and down and
open and close doors and pick up passengers. The elevator is supposed to be used in a
building having floors numbered from 1 to n. There are call buttons in the elevator
corresponding to each floor. For every floor except floors 1 and n, there are two floor
call buttons for the passengers to call elevator for going up and down. There is only
3 BTL5 Evaluate
one down call button at floor n and 1 up call button in floor 1. Then the car stops at a
floor, the doors are opened and the elevator light indicating the current direction the
elevator is going is illuminated so that the passengers can get to know the current
moving direction of the elevator. When the elevator is moving music is audio is
played inside the elevator. Draw class diagram, Activity diagram and component
 diagram for designing this system. (15)
Develop and draw the following UML diagrams for Airline Ticket reservation
system.
4 (i) Sequence diagram (booking a ticket). (5) BTL6 Create
(ii) Activity diagram. (5)
(iii) State chart diagram. (5)

UNIT V TESTING
SYLLABUS: Object Oriented Methodologies – Software Quality Assurance – Impact of object orientation on Testing –
Develop Test Cases and Test Plans ,CASE STUDY: Health care, Student Marks Analysing system, CASE studies Tools:
Star UML/ UML
PART-A
Q.No. Question Level Competence
1 List out the Myer’s debugging principles. BTL1 Remember
2 Outline the term SQA. BTL2 Understand
3 Summarize the main tools of Quality Assurance BTL2 Understand
4 Illustrate the impact object orientation in testing. BTL3 Apply
5 Define the term Object interoperability. BTL1 Remember
6 Interpret the basic activities are performed in using debugging tool. BTL5 Evaluate
7 Define test plan? What are its components? BTL1 Remember
8 Formulate the need of quality assurance. BTL6 Create
9 Show the Booch methodology diagrams. BTL2 Understand
10 Define black box testing? BTL1 Remember
Illustrate the different kinds of errors you might encounter when you run your
11 BTL3 Apply
program.
12 List out the Testing strategies. BTL1 Remember
Analyze as to which object oriented methodology is well suited for
(i) Design
13 (ii) Analysis BTL4 Analyze
(iii) Full life cycle
(iv) Real time systems
14 Analyze the Jacobson methodology. BTL4 Analyze
15 Illustrate the steps needed to create a test plan. BTL3 Apply
16 Estimate and generalize the concepts of implication of Inheritance. BTL6 Create
17 Interpret the four phases of object oriented modeling Techniques (OMT). BTL2 Understand
18 Analyze the CASE tools and where it is used? BTL4 Analyze
19 Compare RumBaugh methodology and Booch methodology. BTL5 Evaluate
20 What are test cases? List the guidelines for developing quality assurance test cases. BTL1 Remember

PART-B

Q.No. Question Level Competence

 1 Explain Booch’s methodology of object oriented analysis and design. (13) BTL5 Evaluate
2 Illustrate the significance of object orientation testing. (13) BTL2 Understand
3 Examine the Myer’s debugging principles. (13) BTL4 Analyze
Summarize the different testing strategies. How to develop test plans guided by
4 BTL2 Understand
Thomas. (13)
(i) List the guidelines for developing quality assurance test cases. (7)
5 (ii) What is statement and branch testing coverage in object oriented testing? BTL1 Remember
Explain.(6)
Discover the importance of
6 (i) Object oriented Business Engineering (7) BTL4 Analyze
(ii) Object oriented Software Engineering (6)
(i) Sketch the guidelines for developing quality assurance Test cases described by
7 Freedman and Thomas adapted for the UA. (7) BTL3 Apply
(ii) Identify the steps involved to make the testing successful? (6)
8 Define test plan. List out the steps are followed in developing a test plan? (13) BTL1 Remember
Describe the following:
(i) Guideline for developing a user satisfaction test. (3)
9 (ii) White box testing (4) BTL1 Remember
(iii) Black box testing (4)
(iv) Debugging (2)
Formulate the different test cases to estimate about the Student Marks Analysis
10 BTL6 Create
system. (13)
Why do we follow standards particularly for testing any Quality Assurance (QA)?
11 BTL1 Remember
(13)
(i) Why is a Unified approach to software development necessary? Interpret it. (7)
12 BTL2 Understand
(ii) Outline in detail about Object oriented Modeling Techniques (OMT). (6)
(i) Compare and Contrast the object oriented methodology of Booch, Rumbaugh and
13 Jacobson. (7) BTL4 Analyze
(ii) Examine about a Unified approach to software development. (6)
(i) Experiment the diagrams associated with Booch Methodology. (7)
14 BTL3 Apply
(ii) Identify and highlight the features of Jacobson methodologies. (6)

PART-C

Q.No. Question Level Competence

1 Explain the various testing strategies for Software quality assurance. (15) BTL5 Evaluate
2 Evaluate the Unit, Integration, and system testing for currency converter application. BTL5 Evaluate
(15)
3 Develop the test cases for the Net bank ATM System. (15) BTL 6 Create
Develop a healthcare system using Star UML. Highlight the features of Star UML. BTL 6 Create
4
(15)