Created by T.

Madas

COMPLEX
NUMBERS
(part 1)

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

BASIC
COMPLEX
ALGEBRA

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
Simplify the following complex number expressions, giving the final answer in the
form a + bi , where a ∈ » , b ∈ » .

1 1
a) +
1 + 2i 1 − 2i

25
b) 5 − 4i +
3 − 4i

10
c) −1 + 3i +
−1 + 3i

4
 5+i 
d)  
 2 + 3i 

2 , 8 , −2 , −4
5

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
Find the value of x and the value of y in the following equation, given further that
x∈» , y∈» .

( x + iy )( 2 + i ) = 3 − i .

( x, y ) = (1, −1)

Question 3
Find the value of x and the value of y in the following equation, given further that
x∈» , y∈» .

( x + iy )( 3 + 4i ) = 3 − 4i .

( x, y ) = ( − 25 25 )
7 , − 24

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
Find the value of x and the value of y in the following equation, given further that
x∈» , y∈» .

1 1
− = 2 − 3i .
x + iy 1 + i

( x, y ) = ( 37 37 )
5 , 7

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
Find the value of x and the value of y in the following equation, given further that
x∈» , y∈» .

1 1
+ = 1.
x + iy 1 + 2i

( x, y ) = (1, − 12 )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
Find the value of x and the value of y in the following equation, given further that
x∈» , y∈» .

x 1 − 5i y
= + .
1 + i 3 − 2i 2 − i

( x, y ) = ( 2,0 )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
Find the square roots of the following complex numbers.

a) 15 + 8i

b) 16 + 30i

Give the answers in the form a + b i , where a ∈ » and b ∈ » .

± ( 4 + i ) , ± ( 5 + 3i )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8
Solve the following equation.

z 2 = 21 − 20i , z ∈ » .

Give the answers in the form a + b i , where a ∈ » and b ∈ » .

z = ± ( 5 − 2i )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9
Solve the following equation.

w2 = 5 − 12i , w ∈ » .

Give the answers in the form a + b i , where a ∈ » and b ∈ » .

w = ± ( 3 − 2i )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10
Find the square roots of 1 + i 3 .

Give the answers in the form a + b i , where a ∈ » and b ∈ » .

±1
2 ( 6 +i 2 )

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 11
Solve the equation

2 z 2 − 2iz − 5 = 0 , z ∈ » .

z = ± 3 + 1i
2 2

Question 12
z − 8 = i (7 − 2z ) , z ∈ » .

The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Determine the value of z in the above equation, giving the answer in the form x + iy ,
where x and y are real numbers.

z = 2 + 3i

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 13
The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Solve the equation

z − 12 = i ( 9 − 2 z ) ,

giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are real numbers.

z = 2 + 5i

Question 14
The complex number z satisfies the equation

2 z − iz = 3 ( 3 − 5i ) ,

where z denotes the complex conjugate of z .

Determine the value of z , giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are
real numbers.

z = 1 − 7i

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 15
Find the value of z and the value of w in the following simultaneous equations

2 z + 1 = −iw

z − 3 = w + 3i .

z = −1 + 2i, w = −4 − i

Question 16
Solve the equation

13 z
= 11 − 3i , z ∈ » ,
z +1

giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are real numbers.

z = 1 − 3i

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 17

z − 8 = i (7 − 2z ) , z ∈ » .

The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Determine the value of z in the above equation, giving the answer in the form x + iy ,
where x and y are real numbers.

z = 2 + 3i

Question 18
The complex conjugate of w is denoted by w .

Given further that

25w
w = 1 + 2i and z = w − ,
w2

show clearly that z is a real number, stating its value.

12

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 19
The complex number z satisfies the equation

1 − 18i
4 z − 3z = ,
2−i

where z denotes the complex conjugate of z .

Solve the equation, giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are real
numbers.

z = 4−i

Question 20
The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Solve the equation

2 z + 3i ( z + 2 )
= 13 + 4i ,
1+ i

giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are real numbers.

z = 3+i

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 21
The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Find the two solutions of the equation

( z − i )( z − i ) = 6 z − 22i , z ∈» ,

giving the answers in the form x + iy , where x and y are real numbers.

z1 = 2 + 3i , z2 = 28 + 9 i
5 5

Question 22
The complex conjugate of z is denoted by z .

Solve the equation

−27 + 23i
2 z − 3z = ,
1+ i

giving the answer in the form x + iy , where x and y are real numbers.

z = 2 + 5i

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 23
Find the three solutions of the equation

4z2 + 4z +1 = 0 , z ∈ » ,

where z denotes the complex conjugate of z .

z = 1 , 1 + i, 1 − i
2 2 2

Question 24
Solve the following equations.

a) z 2 + 2iz + 8 = 0 , z ∈ » .

b) w2 + 16 = 30i , w∈ » .

z1 = 2i, z2 = −4i , w = ± ( 3 + 5i )

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 25
It is given that

w
z + 2i = iz + k , k ∈ » and = 2 + 2i , Im w = 8 .
z

Determine the value of k .

k =4

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 26
The complex number z satisfies the equation

z 2 = 3 + 4i .

a) Find the possible values of …

a. … z .

b.… z 3 .

b) Hence, by showing detailed workings, find a solution of the equation

w6 − 4 w3 + 125 = 0 , w∈ » ,

z = ± ( 2 + i ) , z 3 = 2 ± 11i , w = ± ( 2 + i )

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 27
It is given that

z = −17 − 6i and w = 3 + i .

Find the value of u given further that

1 3 1
= + .
10u z 2 w

u = −9 − 7i

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 28
The complex conjugate of the complex number z is denoted by z .

Solve the equation

2 z (1 − 2i ) i 2 − 3i
+ = ,
5z 1+2i z

giving the answer in the form x + iy .

z = 5 + 2i

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 29
It is given that

z = cosθ + i sin θ , 0 ≤ z < 2π .

Show clearly that

2 θ 
= 1 − i tan   .
1+ z 2

proof

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 30
By considering the solutions of the equation

z 4 = 16 ,

find the solutions of the equation

4
w4 = 16 (1 − w ) ,

giving the answers in the form x + iy , where x ∈ » , y ∈ » .

z1 = 2, z2 = 2 , z3 = 4 + i 2 , z4 = 4 − i 2
3 5 5 5 5

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 31
The complex number z is given by

a + bi
z= , a∈» , b∈» .
a − bi

Show clearly that

z 2 + 1 a 2 − b2
= 2 2.
2z a +b

proof

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 32
Solve the following equations.

a) z 3 − 27 = 0 .

b) w2 − i ( w − 2 ) = ( w − 2 ) .

z1 = 3, ( )
z2 = 3 −1 ± 3 , w1 = 2i, w2 = 1 − i
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 33
Solve the quadratic equation

z 2 − 7 z + 16 = i ( z − 11) , z ∈ » .

z = 2 + 3i, z = 5 − 2i

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 Created by T. Madas

MODULUS
AND
ARGUMENT

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 1

−9 + 3i
w= .
1 − 2i

Find the modulus and the argument of the complex number w .

3π
w = 3 2 , arg w = −
4

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 2

z = −3 + 4i and zw = −14 + 2i .

By showing clear workings, find …

a) … w in the form a + bi , where a and b are real numbers.

b) … the modulus and the argument of w .

π
w = 2 + 2i , w = 2 2 , arg w =
4

Question 3

z
z = 22 + 4i and = 6 − 8i .
w

By showing clear workings, find …

a) … w in the form a + bi , where a and b are real numbers .

b) … the modulus and the argument of w .

w = 1 + 2i , w = 5 , arg w ≈ 1.11c

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 4

w
z = 1 + 3i and = 2 + 2i .
z

Find the exact value of the modulus of w and the exact value of the argument of w .

7π
w = 4 2 , arg w =
12

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
The following complex numbers are given.

z1 = 2 − 2i , z2 = 3 + i and z3 = a + bi where a ∈ » , b ∈ » .

a) If z1z3 = 16 , find the modulus z3 .

 z  7π
b) Given further that arg  3  = , determine the argument of z3 .
 z2  12

z3
c) Find the values of a and b , and hence show = −2 .
z1

3π
z3 = 4 2 , arg z3 = , a = −4 , b = 4
4

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 6

z = 3 + i and w = 3i .

a) Find, in exact form where appropriate, the modulus and argument of z and
the modulus and argument of w .

w
b) Determine simplified expressions for zw and , giving the answers in the
z
form x + iy , where x ∈ » , y ∈ » .

c) Find, in exact form where appropriate, the modulus and argument of zw and
w
the modulus and argument of .
z

π π w 3 3
z = 2, w = 3 , arg z = , arg w = , zw = −3 + 3 3i , = + 3i ,
6 2 z 4 4
w 3 2π w π
zw = 6, = , arg ( zw ) = ,arg   =
z 2 3 z 3

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
The following complex numbers are given

1+ i 2
z= and w = .
1− i 1− i

a) Calculate the modulus of z and the modulus of w .

b) Find the argument of z and the argument of w .

In a standard Argand diagram, the points A , B and C represent the numbers z ,

c) By considering the quadrilateral OABC and the argument of z + w , show that

 3π 
tan   = 1+ 2 .
 8 

π π
z = 1 , w = 1 arg z = , arg w =
2 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8

( 3 + 4i )(1 + 2i ) = q
(1 + i ) , q∈» .
1 + 3i

a) Find the value of q .

b) Hence simplify

4
arctan + arctan 2 − arctan 3 ,
3

giving the answer in terms of π .

q = 5 , 1π
2 4

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9
It is given that

1 + 8i
z= .
1 − 2i

a) Express z in the form x + iy .

b) Find the modulus and argument of z .

c) Show clearly that

2
arctan 8 + arctan 2 + arctan =π .
3

z = −3 + 2i , z = 13 , arg z ≈ 2.55c

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

COMPLEX
POLYNOMIAL
QUESTIONS

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 1
The cubic equation

2 z 3 − 5 z 2 + cz − 5 = 0 , c ∈ » ,

has a solution z = 1 − 2i .

Find in any order …

a) … the other two solutions of the equations.

b) … the value of c .

z2 = 1 + 2i , z3 = 1 , c = 12
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 2
The following cubic equation is given

z 3 + az 2 + bz − 5 = 0 ,

where a ∈ » , b ∈ » .

One of the roots of the above cubic equation is 2 + i .

a) Find the other two roots.

b) Determine the value of a and the value of b .

z2 = 2 − i , z3 = 1 , a = −5 , b = 9

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 3
The following cubic equation is given

z 3 + pz 2 + 6 z + q = 0 ,

where p ∈ » , q ∈ » .

One of the three solutions of the above cubic equation is 5 − i .

a) Find the other two solutions of the equation.

b) Determine the value of p and the value of q .

z2 = 5 + i, z3 = 2 , p = −8 , q = 52

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 4
The following cubic equation is given

z 3 + 2 z 2 + az + b = 0 ,

where a ∈ » , b ∈ » .

One of the roots of the above cubic equation is 1 + i .

a) Find the real root of the equation.

b) Find the value of a and the value of b .

z = −4 , a = −6 , b = 8

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 5
The following cubic equation is given

z 3 + Az 2 + Bz + 26 = 0 ,

where A∈ » , B ∈ »

One of the roots of the above cubic equation is 1 + i .

a) Find the real root of the equation.

b) Determine the value of A and the value of B .

z = −13 , A = 11 , B = −24

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 6
The cubic equation

2z3 − z 2 + 4 z + p = 0 , p ∈ » ,

is satisfied by z = 1 + 2i .

a) Find the other two roots of the equation.

b) Determine the value of p .

1 − 2i, − 3 , p = 15
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 7
Consider the cubic equation

z 3 + z + 10 = 0 , z ∈ » .

a) Verify that 1 + 2i is a root of this equation.

b) Find the other two roots.

z1 = 1 − 2i, z2 = −2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 8
Solve the equation

2 z 4 − 14 z 3 + 33 z 2 − 26 z + 10 = 0 , z ∈ »

given that one of its roots is 3 + i .

z = 3 + i, z = 3 − i, z = 1 + 1 i, z = 1 − 1 i
2 2 2 2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 9

2 z 3 + pz 2 + qz + 16 = 0 , p ∈ » , q ∈ » .

The above cubic equation has roots α , β and γ , where γ is real.

( )
It is given that α = 2 1 + i 3 .

a) Find the other two roots, β and γ .

b) Determine the values of p and q .

( )
β = 2 1 − i 3 , γ = − 1 , p = −7 , q = 28
2

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 10

z 4 − 8 z 3 + 33 z 2 − 68 z + 52 = 0 , z ∈ » .

One of the roots of the above quartic equation, is 2 + 3i .

Find the other roots of the equation.

z = 2 − 3i, z = 2

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 Created by T. Madas

Question 11
It is given that z = 2 and z = 1 + 2i are solutions of the equation

z 4 − 3 z 3 + az 2 + bz + c = 0 .

where a , b and c are real constants.

Determine the values of a , b and c .

a = 5 , b = −1 , c = −10

Created by T. Madas
 Created by T. Madas

Question 12
If 1 − 2i is a root of the quartic equation

z 4 − 6 z 3 + 18 z 2 − 30 z + 25 = 0

find the other three roots.

z2 = 1 + 2i, z3 = 2 − i, z4 = 2 + i

Created by T. Madas