Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with "who," "which," If the relative pronoun can be omitted, put it in

parentheses ().

1. The cake _______ Mary baked was delicious.

2. The students _______ study hard usually get good grades.
3. The car _______ I bought last year is already having problems.
4. The woman _______ is wearing the red dress is my aunt.
5. The river _______ flows through the city is very polluted.
6. The job _______ he applied for requires a lot of experience.
7. The people _______ we met on vacation were very friendly.
8. The computer _______ is making that strange noise needs to be repaired.
9. The music _______ they were playing was too loud.
10. The doctor _______ examined me said I was fine.

Exercise 2: Combine the two sentences into one, using a relative clause. Decide whether the relative
pronoun ("who" or "which") is the subject or object, and if it can be omitted.

1. The bicycle is blue. It was stolen.

Combined:
Subject or Object?:
Omittable?:

2. I saw a cat. The cat was chasing a mouse.

Combined:
Subject or Object?:
Omittable?:

3. The teacher is very popular. He teaches English.

Combined:
Subject or Object?:
Omittable?:

4. I read a book. You recommended the book.

Combined:
Subject or Object?:
Omittable?:

5. The house is very old. My grandparents live in the house.

Combined:
Subject or object?
Omittable?

6. The professor gave a lecture. I attended the lecture.

*Combined:
*Subject or Object?:
Omittable?

7. The painting is a masterpiece. It hangs in the Louvre Museum.

Combined:
*Subject or object?
Omittable?

8. The singer has a beautiful voice. She sang the national anthem.
*Combined:
Subject or Object?
Omittable?

9.I met a man. The man had climbed Mount Everest.

Combined:
Subject or object?
Omittable?

10. I returned the library book. I had borrowed the book.

Combined:
Subject or Object?
Omittable?

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences, omitting the relative pronoun where possible. If it's not possible, write
"Not Omittable."

1. The movie that we saw last night was very exciting.

2. The girl who is sitting next to me is my sister.
3. The food which they served at the party was excellent.
4. The dog that barked all night kept me awake.
5. The man who I spoke to on the phone was very helpful.

Exercise 4. Underline the relative clause in each sentence. Decide if the

relative pronoun is the subject (S) or object (O) of the relative clause and if we
can or cannot omit it.

1. The new vocabulary items which we learnt yesterday are difficult to remember.
2. I don't like the grammar exercises which are in this book.
3. The man who translated this novel into Vietnamese must be proficient in English.
4. The students who love languages can join our Reading Club.
5. The teacher who we admire can speak three languages.

EXERCISE 5. Are these sentences right or wrong? Correct them if necessary.

1. My sister doesn't like films have unhappy endings.

2. What is the name of the man who is the director of the language centre?
3. One of the four official languages people use in Singapore is English.
4. I like the English lesson which Ms Oanh taught yesterday.
5. Students who grades are high can compete in this contest.

EXERCISE [Link] the two sentences into one, using a relative pronoun.

1. I met a woman. Her husband is a famous linguist.

2. My friend's father gave us the tickets. He owns a travel agency.

3. The grammar exercise was very complicated. Nobody could do it.

4. I study English in a language school. It is in the centre of the city.

5. The student completed the quiz the fastest. The teacher praised him.

UNIT 9.

WORLD ENGLISHES

II. Circle the word which has a different stress pattern in each line.
1. A. variety B. establishment C. operation D. ability
2. A. exchange B. translate C. differ D. express
3. A. national B. official C. informal D. bilingual
4. A. immigrant B. synonym C. difference D. dictation
5. A. proficiency B. intonation C. engagement D. community
 C. operation (The stress is on the third syllable, "op-er-A-tion," while the others have
stress on the second syllable.)

 C. differ (This is a two-syllable word with stress on the first syllable, "DIF-fer." The
others are two-syllable words with stress on the second syllable.)

 A. national (Stress is on the first syllable, "NA-tion-al." The others have stress on the
second syllable.)

 D. dictation (Stress is on the second syllable, "dic-TA-tion." The other words have stress
on the first syllable.)

 B. intonation (The stress in on the third syllable, "in-to-NA-tion. The other words have
stress on the second syllable.)

B. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR

III. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The United States is a country _________ people speak English with different accents.
A. that B. who C. which D. where
2. My cousin, Giang, decided to learn _________ English to improve his communication skills.
A. standard B. fluent C. foreign D. especial
3. There are many _________ of English spoken around the world, each with its own unique accents and
dialects.
A. languages B. translations C. skills D. varieties
4. Although immigrants from different areas of the world may not speak English as their _________ language,
they often learn it quickly in their new environments.
A. mother B. global C. first D. second
5. _________ students often speak English better after spending a semester in an English-speaking country.
A. Exchange B. Exchanged C. Exchangeable D. Exchanging
6. Many learners find English _________ the most difficult to master because the spelling and sound of words
can be different.
A. grammar B. reading C. listening D. pronunciation
7. “Rendezvous” is one of the words _________ English borrowed from French.
A. where B. why C. which D. what
8. Practising with native speakers can help learners become _________ in a language.
A. correct B. simple C. fluent D. rusty
9. These are some of the words _________ stress falls on the second syllable.
A. whose B. which C. what D. when
10. In different contexts, an English word may convey different _________.
A. vowels B. consonants C. sounds D. meanings
11. English is used as the _________ language in countries such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and
New Zealand.
A. official B. foreign C. local D. optional
12. Nam has spent a lot of time on online courses with native teachers, that’s why he is _________ in English.
A. bilingual B. proficient C. literate D. complicated
13. The English language can be learned in _________ circles, from basic vocabulary and grammar to complex
sentences and idiomatic expressions.
A. inner B. concentric C. expanding D. outer
14. Viet is _________ in English and Vietnamese, so he can communicate effectively in both languages.
A. excellent B. bilingual C. international D. knowledgeable
IV. Complete the passage by filling each blank with a suitable word/ phrase given in the box.
make up go over translate look up copy pick up
While learning a new language, it’s natural to (1) PICK UP unfamiliar words. A helpful practice is to (2) LOOK

UP their meanings in a dictionary. It’s even more beneficial to (3) make up sentences using these words.
However, you shouldn’t (4) TRANSLATE from your native language into the new one word-for-word. Instead,
(5) COPY the sentence structures into your notes and regularly (6) GO OVER them to ensure correct usage and
grammar. This approach will help you make progress and become more proficient in English.
V. Choose the correct word to complete each of the following sentences.
1. The English-English dictionary which / when I bought last year is very helpful in improving my vocabulary.
2. The reason which / why Susan struggles with Spanish exercises is that she started learning the language just a
few months ago.
3. Last July was the time where / when I attended a summer camp to improve both my English and my social
skills.
4. The woman whose / who accent is distinctly British lives next door to An’s new apartment.
5. Gia Linh is the competitor which / who won the first prize in the latest English speaking contest in our school.
VI. Choose which, when, why, whose, or where to complete each of the following sentences.
1. The man WHOSE job involves working with foreigners can speak English proficiently.
2. I still remember the first day WHEN Phuong gave a presentation about her experiences learning foreign
languages.
3. English is a language WHICH is widely used in international communication.
4. Do you know the country WHERE English was first spoken?
5. I’m not sure of the reason WHY Jack chooses Korean as a subject to study at the university.
VII. Combine the two sentences into one, using a relative pronoun.
1. Quan is one of my classmates. He usually helps me with my English grammar exercises.
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. You shouldn’t look up the meaning of all of the words. You may find them in the reading text.
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. The school library is the place. We sometimes discuss our difficulties in studying there.
__________________________________________________________________________________
4. Can you explain the reason? You can’t spend more time learning vocabulary for that reason.
__________________________________________________________________________________
5. In order to borrow these reference books, you must ask the librarian. Her name is Mrs. Smith.
__________________________________________________________________________________
SKILLS
c. READING
VIII. Read the passage and decide if each statement is true (T) or false (F). Tick () the boxes.
Listening to a foreign language is a powerful tool for improving one’s language skills, understanding different
cultures, and expanding one’s worldview.
When it comes to learning strategies, motivation is key. Motivate yourself by listening to things you enjoy and
find interesting. The first time you listen to a text, focus on the general meaning. Don't worry if you don’t
understand everything initially, just persevere! Besides, studying English pronunciation can also help your
listening skills.
Practise by watching English TV shows or films at home, with or without subtitles. Listen to podcasts and
videos on your device. Find lyrics to English songs, then listen and read along. You can also listen and read
simultaneously.
Remember, listening is easy to do and you can improve it any time of day! Listen wherever you go, like on the
bus or at the gym. Listen at home while doing other things. You can even listen and read on your tablet or
mobile phone. Make English a part of your everyday life!
(Adapted from: [Link]
Statements T F
1. Listening to a foreign language can really help you get better at that language, learn T
about other cultures, and see the world in new different ways.
2. You should force yourself to listen to difficult content even if you don't like it. F
3. It's important to understand every word the first time you listen to something. F
4. Listening to English songs is beneficial for learning a language. T
5. You can boost your listening anytime, anywhere: bus rides, workouts, home T
routines, and even screens become language labs.
IX. Read the following passage and choose the best answer A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or
phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
When learning a new language, it’s important to communicate with native speakers. This helps you pick up their
pronunciation and get used (1) ____________ different accents. Sometimes, you might figure out what a word
means from the context. If you aren't sure, don't hesitate to (2) ____________ the word in a dictionary or even
translate it back to your own language to get a clue.
But remember that everyone may make mistakes when learning something new! In fact, making mistakes is an
important part of the learning process. It shows you where you need to focus. Don’t be afraid to practise with
native speakers, even (3) ____________ you have difficulty expressing yourself. They'll likely appreciate your
efforts and be happy to give you tips.
Learning a new language can be a journey with (4) ____________. It’s a process that requires patience, practice,
and perseverance. It's not about perfection, but progress. Keep communicating, keep making mistakes, and keep
learning and our efforts will pay off. Conversations in your new (5) ____________ will become second nature,
and you’ll surprise yourself with your confidence.
1. A. to B. with C. for D. in
 2. A. give up B. write down C. look up D. get by
3. A. though B. as C. how D if
4. A. dark and light B. ups and downs C. black and white D. facts and figures
5. A. tone B stress C. pronunciation D. tongue
X. Read and complete each numbered blank in the passage with the correct answer A, B, C, or D.
Improving your English can be made manageable by exploring various resources. Start by exploring language
learning apps like Duolingo or Babbel. They often provide short lessons with fun games and quizzes.
For structured online courses, check out Coursera and Khan Academy, selecting those with positive reviews and
clear explanations covering grammar, vocabulary, and communication skills.
To immerse yourself, read reputable newspapers like The New York Times or The Guardian. Engage with
English podcasts or YouTube channels on your favourite topics. Connect with native speakers on language
exchange platforms like Tandem or HelioTalk for speaking practice.
Explore quality literature at your skill level and gradually progress. Join book clubs or online reading
communities for discussions, gaining diverse perspectives. Tap into online forums like Reddit for advice and
recommendations from fellow learners.
Consistency is vital. Dedicate daily time to English activities - whether reading, watching videos, or using apps -
for steady progress. Celebrate small victories, and you'll find improving your English to be an achievable and
rewarding journey.
1. What is the best title for the text?
A. How to find high-quality resources to quickly improve your English
B. How to use different English learning websites
C. How to boost your English skills
D. Tips on improving your English
2. What does the word They in line 2 refer to?
A. Explorations B. Language learning apps
C. Lessons D. App users
3. What does the word reputable probably mean?
A. reliable B. unusual C. infamous D. international
4. What is not mentioned as a way to improve English skills?
A. Reading newspapers B. Watching YouTube
C. Using online exchange platforms D. Doing online English exercises
5. What should learners do to keep a steady learning progress?
A. Watch, learn and use English daily
B. Spend time with foreign speakers
C. Celebrate small victories
D. Go on online platforms and communicate with English speakers
d. SPEAKING
XI. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the
following exchanges.
1. Long: _____________ on your speaking test!
Linh: Thank you! I’ve prepared well for it.
A. Well done B. Happy moment
C. Wishing you lots of luck D. Let’s enjoy
2. Minh: I’ve heard you’re moving to a new city tomorrow. I hope _____________.
Tung: Thanks! I’m looking forward to the adventure.
A. it’s getting on well B. it goes along well
C. it’s well preserved D. it all goes well
3. Phuc: Are you taking your driving test this afternoon? Fingers crossed!
Giang: I _____________ it! I’ve practised a lot.
A. appreciate B. like C. want D. consider
4. Chau: I know that you’re performing at the talent show tonight. Blow them away!
Chi: Thanks for the _____________! I’ll give it my all.
A. congratulations B. promise C. prize D. encouragement
5. Ha: You’re starting your own business. Believe in yourself and _____________!
Phuong: I will! Thanks for believing in me.
A. better luck next time B. make it happen
C. safe and sound D. get well
F. WRITING
XIII. Choose the best option A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of
the following questions.
1. The student who essay was outstanding received high praise from his teacher.
A=>WHOSE B C D
2. Chau would like to meet the writer wrote her favourite Japanese comic.
A B C WHO WRITE D
3. The teacher who you saw her yesterday teaches us speaking and listening skills.
A B C D
4. The museum where we visited last Saturday morning is in the centre of the city.
A (which) B C D
5. You should pay attention to the clips help improve your listening skill.
A B C D
XIV. Choose the sentence A, B, c or D that is closest in meaning to the original sentence in each of the
following questions.
1. Let’s do a revision with these grammar structures before you take the test.
A. Let’s pick up these grammar structures before you take the test.
B. Why don’t you learn by heart these grammar structures before you take the test?
C. Why don’t you go over these grammar structures before you take the test?
D. Let's look up these grammar structures before you take the test.
2. Chau can speak both English and Japanese perfectly.
A. Chau is bilingual in English and Japanese.
B. Chau is good at learning both English and Japanese.
C. Chau can use perfect English and Japanese.
D. Chau practises speaking English and Japanese regularly.
3. I don’t know any Korean.
A. Korean is too hard for me to study.
B. My Korean is a bit rusty.
C. I am quite bad at Korean.
D. I can’t speak a word of Korean.
4. Duong learned a few words of Thai on holiday.
A. Duong picked up a few words of Thai on holiday.
B. Duong went on a holiday to Thailand to learn Thai.
C. Duong looked up a few words of Thai on holiday.
D. Duong had a short conversation in Thai during his holiday in Thailand.
5. His elder sister can speak Spanish very well.
A. His elder sister is reasonably good at Spanish.
B. His elder sister is fluent in Spanish.
C. His elder sister can have a conversation in Spanish.
D. His elder sister is able to get by in Spanish.