Introduction to Machine Learning
Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables
computers to learn from data and make decisions without being explicitly
programmed. It involves developing algorithms that can recognize patterns
and improve their performance over time.
Types of Machine Learning
1. Supervised Learning: The algorithm learns from labeled data, where
input-output pairs are provided. Examples include linear regression and
neural networks.
2. Unsupervised Learning: The algorithm identifies patterns in
unlabeled data, such as clustering and dimensionality reduction
techniques.
3. Reinforcement Learning: The model learns by interacting with its
environment and receiving rewards for correct actions.
Applications of Machine Learning
Healthcare: Disease diagnosis, personalized treatment plans.
Finance: Fraud detection, stock market predictions.
Retail: Recommendation systems, demand forecasting.
Autonomous Vehicles: Self-driving technology powered by deep
learning.
Challenges in Machine Learning
Data Quality: The model’s accuracy depends on the quality and
quantity of data.
Overfitting: When a model performs well on training data but poorly
on new data.
Bias and Fairness: Ensuring models do not reinforce discrimination or
errors.
Machine learning continues to evolve, influencing various industries and
transforming the way technology interacts with the world.