IGCSE (EXTENDED)

MATH

PAST PAPER
QUESTIONS
TOPIC: GRAPHS OF
FUNCTIONS

@MathleteBySaad
saad@mathletebysaad.com
 Difficulty Level: Easy
12

118
y
8

– 3 – 2.5 – 2 – 1.5 – 1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 x

–1

–2

–3

The diagram shows the graph of y = x 3 + 4x 2 - 2 for - 3 G x G 1.5 .

By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation x 3 + 4x 2 - 2 = 2x for - 3 G x G 1.5 .

x = ....................... or x = ....................... [3]

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2
18
y
18

16

14

12

10

0 x
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

The graph of y = f (x) is drawn on the grid.

(a) Draw the tangent to the graph at the point x = 3. [1]

(b) Use your tangent to find an estimate for the gradient of the curve at the point x = 3.

................................................. [2]

19 (a) y is directly proportional to `x - 1j .

2

When x = 4 , y = 3.

Find y when x = 7 .

y = ................................................ [3]

(b) m is inversely proportional to the square root of p.

Explain what happens to the value of m when the value of p is multiplied by 9.

..................................................................................................................................................... [1]
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11
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3 22 The graph of y = (x + 2) (x - 1) 2 is shown on the grid.

y
4

3
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-2 -1 0 1 2 x
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-1

(a) Show that y = (x + 2) (x - 1) 2 can be written as y = x 3 - 3x + 2 .

[2]
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(b) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation 2x 3 - 5x = 0 .

x = .................... or x = .................... or x = .................... [4]

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Question 23 is printed on the next page.

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4
20 The table shows some values for y = 3x 2 - 2x - 1.

x -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

y 4 -1 0 2.75

(a) Complete the table. [1]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 3x 2 - 2x - 1 for - 1 G x G 1.5 .

–1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 x

–1

–2
[3]

(c) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation 3x 2 - 4x - 2 = 0 for - 1 G x G 1.5.

x = ................................................ [3]

Question 21 is printed on the next page.

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510 The table shows some values for y = 2 x - 3.

x -2 -1 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

y -2.75 -1.58 -0.17 1 2.66

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 2 x - 3 for - 2 G x G 2.5.

y
3

–2 –1 0 1 2 x

–1

–2

–3
[4]

(c) Use your graph to solve the equation 2 x - 3 = 2 .

x = ................................................ [1]

(d) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation 2 x - x - 1.5 = 0 .

x = ......................... or x = ......................... [4]

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65 The table shows some values for y = x 3 - 3x 2 + 3.

x -1 - 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

y 2.125 3 2.375 1 -1 - 0.125

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 3 - 3x 2 + 3 for - 1 G x G 3.

y
3.5

2.5

1.5

0.5

–1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 x

– 0.5

–1

– 1.5
[4]

(c) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, solve the equation x 3 - 3x 2 + x + 1 = 0 .

x = .................... or x = .................... or x = .................... [4]

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75 (a) The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) for - 3 G x G 3.

y
20

16

12

–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3 x

–4

–8

– 12

(i) Solve f (x) = 14 .

x = ................................................ [1]

(ii) By drawing a suitable tangent, find an estimate of the gradient of the graph
at the point (-2, 4).

................................................. [3]

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(iii) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, solve f (x) = 2x - 2 for - 3 G x G 3.
.

x = ................................................ [3]

(b)
y

NOT TO
B SCALE
O x

The diagram shows a curve with equation y = 2x 2 - 2x - 7 .

The straight line with equation y = 3x + 5 intersects the curve at the points A and B.

Find the coordinates of the points A and B.

A ( .................... , .................... )

B ( .................... , .................... ) [5]

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8
(b)
f(x)
4

3
P

– 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 x

–1

The diagram shows the graph of another function.

By drawing a suitable tangent, find an estimate for the gradient of the function at the point P.

................................................. [3]

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 * 0000800000004 * Difficulty Level: Intermediate
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9 2 The table shows some values for y = x 3 + 4x 2 - 4 .

x -4.5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 1.5
y -14.1 5 4 -4 1 8.4

(a) Complete the table. [2]

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(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 3 + 4x 2 - 4 for - 4.5 G x G 1.5 .

10

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x
–5 –4 –3 –2 –1 0 1 2

–5

–10

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–15
[4]

(c) (i) Draw the tangent to the graph at the point (1, 1). [1]

(ii) Use your tangent to estimate the gradient of the curve at the point (1, 1).
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................................................. [2]

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(d) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, solve the equation x 3 + 4x 2 - x - 6 = 0 .
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x = .................. or x = .................. or x = .................. [4]

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1010 The table shows some values of y = 3 + 4x - x 2 for - 1 G x G 5.

x -1 -0.5 0 1 2 3 4 4.5 5
y -2 6 6 -2

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 3 + 4x - x 2 for - 1 G x G 5.

y
8

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x

–2
[4]

(c) Write down an integer value of k for which the equation 3 + 4x - x 2 = k has no solutions.

................................................. [1]
9
(d) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, solve the equation - 1 + x - x 2 = 0 .
2

x = ........................ or x = ........................ [4]

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112 The table shows some values for y = 2 # 0.5 x - 1.

x -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

y 3 1.83 0.41 0 -0.29

(a) (i) Complete the table. [2]

(ii) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 2 # 0.5 x - 1 for - 1 G x G 2 .

–1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x

–1

–2
[4]

(b) By drawing a suitable straight line, solve the equation 2 # 0.5 x + 2x - 3.5 = 0 for - 1 G x G 2 .

x = ................................................ [3]

(c) There are no solutions to the equation 2 # 0.5 x - 1 = k where k is an integer.

Complete the following statements.

The highest possible value of k is ...............................

The equation of the asymptote to the graph of y = 2 # 0.5 x - 1 is ............................... [2]

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1
122 The table shows some values for y = x 2 - , x ! 0 .
3x
The y-values are rounded to 1 decimal place.

x -2 -1.5 -1 -0.75 -0.5 -0.25 -0.1

y 4.2 2.5 1.3 1.4 3.3

(a) Complete the table. [2]

1
(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 2 - for - 2 G x G - 0.1 .
3x
1
The graph of y = x 2 - for x 2 0 has been drawn for you.
3x
y

–2 –1 0 1 2 x

–1

–2
[4]
1
(c) By drawing a suitable line on the grid, solve the equation x 2 - + 1 = 0.
3x

x = ................................................ [2]

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1310 The table shows some values for y = 2x 3 + 6x 2 - 2.5 .

x -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1

y 3.75 5.5 4.25 1.5 -2.5 -0.75

(a) Complete the table. [3]

(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 2x 3 + 6x 2 - 2.5 for - 3 G x G 1 .

y
6

–3 –2 –1 0 1 x
–1

–2

–3

–4
[4]

(c) By drawing a suitable line on the graph, solve the equation 2x 3 + 6x 2 = 4.5 .

x = .................... or x = .................... or x = .................... [3]

(d) The equation 2x 3 + 6x 2 - 2.5 = k has exactly two solutions.

Write down the two possible values of k.

k = .............................. or k = .............................. [2]

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Difficulty Level: Hard

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14 10

5
y

10

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6

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–3 –2 –1 0 1 2 3
x

–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

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–6

–7

–8

The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) for values of x from -3 to 3.

(a) (i) Use the graph to find f (2) .

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................................................. [1]

(ii) Use the graph to solve the equation f (x) = 5.

x = .................... or x = .................... or x = .................... [3]

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11

(iii) The equation f (x) = k has exactly two solutions.

Write down the value of k.

k = ................................................ [1]
(iv)
tangent asymptote root perpendicular

Choose the correct word from the box to complete the statement.
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The line x = 0 is the .................................................. to the graph of y = f (x) . [1]

(b) (i) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x - 2 for values of x from -3 to 3. [2]

(ii) Find x when f (x) = x - 2 .

x = ................................................ [1]
c
(c) f (x) = x 2 - ,x!0
x
Use the graph to show that c = 2 .
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[2]

(d) The equation f (x) = x - 2 can be written as x 3 + px 2 + qx = 2 .

Find the value of p and the value of q.

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p = ................................................

q = ................................................ [2]

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15 2 All the lengths in this question are measured in centimetres.

NOT TO
9–x SCALE

x
x

The diagram shows a solid cuboid with a square base.

(a) The volume, V cm 3 , of the cuboid is V = x 2 (9 - x) .

The table shows some values of V for 0 G x G 9 .

x 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
V 0 8 54 80 100 108 98 64 0

(i) Complete the table.

[1]

(ii) On the grid on the opposite page, draw the graph of V = x 2 (9 - x) for 0 G x G 9 . [4]

(iii) Find the values of x when the volume of the cuboid is 44 cm 3 .

x = .................. or x = .................. [2]

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V
110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x

(b) (i) Show that the total surface area of the cuboid is (36x - 2x 2) cm 2 .

[2]

(ii) Find the surface area when the volume of the cuboid is a maximum.

.......................................... cm 2 [3]

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16 6 (a)
y
12

11

10

–1 0 1 2 3 4 5 x
–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8

–9

– 10

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The diagram shows the graph of y = f (x) for -1.5 G x G 5.

(i) Find f (2) .

................................................. [1]

(ii) Solve the equation f (x) = 0 for -1.5 G x G 5.

x = .................. or x = .................. or x = .................. [3]

(iii) f (x) = k has three solutions for -1.5 G x G 5 where k is an integer.

Find the smallest possible value of k.

k = ................................................. [1]

(iv) On the grid, draw a line y = mx so that f (x) = mx has exactly one solution for -1.5 G x G 5.
[2]

(b) y = 3x 2 - 12x + 7
dy
(i) Find the value of when x = 5.
dx

................................................. [3]

(ii) Find the coordinates of the point on the graph of y = 3x 2 - 12x + 7 where the gradient is 0.

( ...................... , ...................... ) [2]

dy
(c) When y = 2x p + qx 2, = 14x 6 + 6x .
dx

Find the value of p and the value of q.

p = .................................................

q = ................................................. [2]

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3
17 6 The table shows some values for y = x 2 - , x ! 0 , given correct to 1 decimal place.
2x

x -3 -2 -1 -0.5 -0.2 0.2 0.5 1 2 3

y 2.5 3.3 7.5 -7.5 -2.8 -0.5 3.3

(a) (i) Complete the table. [3]

3
(ii) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 2 - for - 3 G x G - 0.2 and 0.2 G x G 3.
2x
y
10

– 3 – 2.5 – 2 – 1.5 – 1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 x

–1

–2

–3

–4

–5

–6

–7

–8
[5]

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3 24
(b) By drawing a suitable straight line on the grid, solve the equation x 2 - = - 2x
2x 5
for - 3 G x G - 0.2 and 0.2 G x G 3.

x = ........................ or x = ........................ [4]

3 24
(c) The solutions to the equation x2 -
= - 2x are also the solutions to an equation of the
2x 5
3 2
form ax + bx + cx - 15 = 0 where a, b and c are integers.

Find the values of a, b and c.

a = ................................................

b = ................................................

c = ................................................ [4]

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1
7 y = x2 + , x ! 0
x
18 (a) Complete the table.

x 0.2 0.3 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

y 5.0 3.4 2.3 2.9 6.7
[2]
1
(b) On the grid, draw the graph of y = x 2 + for 0.2 G x G 2.5 .
x
1
The graph of y = x 2 + for - 2.5 G x G - 0.2 has been drawn for you.
x
y

– 2.5 – 2 – 1.5 – 1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 x

–1

–2

–3

–4

–5
[4]

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(c) By drawing suitable straight lines on the grid, solve the following equations.
1
(i) x2 + =- 2
x

x = ................................................ [1]
1
(ii) x2 + +x-1 = 0
x

x = ................................................ [2]
1
(d) k is an integer and the equation x 2 + = k has three solutions.
x
Write down a possible value of k.

k = ................................................ [1]

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19 2 (a) The table shows some values for y = 2x 3 - 4x 2 + 3.

x -1 - 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2

y -3 1.75 0.75 3

(i) Complete the table. [3]

(ii) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 2x 3 - 4x 2 + 3 for - 1 G x G 2 .

–1 0 1 2 x

–1

–2

–3
[4]

(iii) Use your graph to solve the equation 2x 3 - 4x 2 + 3 = 1.5 .

x = ........................ or x = ........................ or x = ........................ [3]

(iv) The equation 2x 3 - 4x 2 + 3 = k has only one solution for - 1 G x G 2 .

Write down a possible integer value of k.

................................................. [1]

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(b)
y
6

–1 0 1 x
–1

–2

–3

–4

(i) On the grid, draw the tangent to the curve at x = 1. [1]

(ii) Use your tangent to estimate the gradient of the curve at x = 1.

................................................. [2]

(iii) Write down the equation of your tangent in the form y = mx + c .

y = ................................................. [2]

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20
6
y
5

–2 –1 0 1 2 x

–1

–2

(a) The grid shows the graph of y = a + bx 2 .

The graph passes through the points with coordinates (0, 4) and (1, 1).

(i) Find the value of a and the value of b.

a = ................................................

b = ................................................ [2]

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(ii) Write down the equation of the tangent to the graph at (0, 4).

................................................. [1]

(iii) The equation of the tangent to the graph at x =- 1 is y = 6x + 7 .

Find the equation of the tangent to the graph at x = 1.

................................................. [2]
5
(b) The table shows some values for y = 1 + for - 2 G x G 1.5 .
3-x

x –2 – 1.5 –1 – 0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5

y 2 2.11 2.43 3 4.33

(i) Complete the table. [3]

5
(ii) On the grid, draw the graph of y = 1 + for - 2 G x G 1.5 . [4]
3-x
(c) (i) Write down the values of x where the two graphs intersect.

x = ................... or x = .................. [2]

(ii) The answers to part(c)(i) are two solutions of a cubic equation in terms of x.

Find this equation in the form ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 , where a, b, c and d are integers.

............................................................................... [4]

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1. S24/qp21/q18

2. S24/qp22/q18

3. W24/qp21/q22

4. S23/qp21/q20
5. S23/qp43/q10

6. W21/qp42/q5
7. W20/qp41/q5
8. S20/qp43/q10(b)

9. W24/qp42/q2
10. S21/qp41/q10

11. S21/qp42/q2
12. M22/qp42/q2

13. M24/qp42/q10
14. S24/qp43/q5

15. W22/qp42/q2

16. S22/qp41/q6
17. W21/qp41/q6

18. W20/qp42/q7
19. M20/qp42/q2

20. M21/qp42/q6