Index
SR. No. Title Page no
1 Acknowledgement 1
2 List of Figures 2
3 Index 3
4 Introduction to Chassis 4
5 Types of Chassis 6-10
Conventional Chassis
Non-Conventional Chassis
Full forward
Semi-forward
Bus Chassis
Engine in front
Engine at center
6 What is frame 10
7 Working of frame 11
8 Types of frame 12
Conventional frame
Semi-Integral frame
Integral or unit frame
9 Conclusion 13
10 Future Scope 13
11 References 13
(Part-A)
Brief Introduction
It is the frame which holds both the car body and the power train.
Various mechanical parts like the engine and the drive train, the axle
assemblies including the wheels, the suspension parts, the brakes, the
steering components, etc., are bolted onto the chassis.
Aim of the Micro-project
project
The report mainly aims to understand the concepts of
automobile chassis and its types in automobile industry.
Actual Procedure Followed
Sr. No. Date Task Performed By
1 Collecting Data about the topic
2 Verifying it for correctness
3 Preparing a document
Skill Developed / COs achieved
1. Prepared a vehicle layout with chassis specification.
We learnt about what is automobile chassis and types in
automobile industry process. This project is helpful to us to
improve ours technical
ical skills presentati
Introduction to Automobile Chassis
The automobile vehicles both passenger car and goods trucks, are
generally considered to be made up of two major assemblies:
1. Chassis
2. Body
So in this article, we are focusing on Chassis, Frames, and the types of
chassis and frames.
What is Chassis?
The Chassis is a French word and was originally use to indicate the frame
or main structure of a vehicle. And now it is use to indicate the complete
vehicle except the body for the heavy vehicle having a separate body.
Chassis is the most important part of a vehicle and only fewer people
care about it. Chassis contains all the major parts to propel the
vehicle, direct its movement, stop it, and also run smoothly over uneven
surfaces. It is also known as a carrying unit because all of the
components are mounted on it including the body
Types of Chassis
Following are the types of chassis according to the fitting of engine:
1. Conventional Chassis
2. Non-Conventional Chassis
3. Full forward
4. Semi forward
5. Bus chassis
6. Engine in front
7. Engine at the center
1. Conventional chassis
It is also known as a non--load-carrying frame. This type of conventional
chassis is made as a separate unit and joined with a ladder frame. This
supports all the systems like braking system, transmission
system, suspension system
system, etc. These chassis frames are normally seen
in large trucks and SUVs. Here loads on the vehicle transferred to the
suspension system by frame.
2. Non-conventional chassis
It is also known as frameless chassis or unibody chassis. This type of
chassis doesn’t have a ladder frame the body itself acts as a frame. It
also supports all the parts and components of the vehicles. These are
mostly used on most modern vehicles just as conventional chassis.
3. Full forward chassis
Full forward chassis in which the engine is fitted outside the driver
cabin or seats like in cars and old Tata trucks. In this arrangement, the
driver’s seat is far enough from the front wheel.
4. Semi forward
In this types of chassis, half portion of the engine is in the driver cabin
and the other remaining half is outside of the cabin Bedford pack up. It
gives better visibility of the road to the driver.
5. Bus chassis
In this type of chassis, the whole engine is fitted in the driver cabin. As
shown in the figure. It provides an increased floor space in the vehicle.
The driver’s seat is above the front wheel and he can see the full front
road right from the front wheels.
6. Engine in front
In most vehicles, the engine is fitted in the front portion of the chassis.
The drive is given to the front wheels. The engine may also be added at
the back portion of the chassis. This arrangement does not require a
long propeller shaft. Gearbox and differential arc combined in one unit.
7. Engine at the center
The engine may also be fitted at the center of the chassis. This type of
arrangement gives full space of chassis floor for use. In the Royal tiger
world master bus, the engines are fitted at the center of the chassis.
What is Frame?
The frame is an important part of the chassis. All the remaining
components of the chassis are mounted on it. It is a rigid
structure that forms a skeleton to hold all the components
together.
The engine is fixed in the front end of the frame and attaches to
the clutch and transmission unit to form the power assembly. At
the rear end of the frame, the rear axle is attached through the
rear spring. On the steering sys
system,
tem, some parts are bolted to
the frame and some on the body. The petrol tank is fixed to the
rear of the frame.
Working of the Frame
1. To carry the weight of a vehicle and passengers.
2. It withstand the engine and transmission torque and thrust
stresses, as well as accelerating and braking torques.
3. To withstand the centrifugal force while cornering.
4. To withstand the bending stresses and twisting due to the. As and
fall of the front and rear axles.
Types of Chassis Frames
There are three types of frames:
1. Conventional Frame
2. Semi-Integral Frame
3. Integral or Unit Frame
1. Conventional Frame
Conventional-frame is also known as non-load carrying frame. In
this type of frame, the loads on the vehicle are transferred to
the suspension by the frame, which is the main skeleton of the
vehicle. The frame supports the engine, power train, and vehicle
body. It is supported on the wheel axles by means of springs.
The bodywork is done by flexible material such as a wood and is
completely different from frame deflection with the help of
rubber mounting. This type of construction is widely used in
trucks. The frame sections are normally channel, tubular, or box
type. The channel frame section is good in bending, a tubular
section in torsion, and a box in bending and torsion.
2. Semi-integral frame
In the semi-integral frame, the rubber body mounts are
replaced by relatively stiff mounts so that a part of the frame
load is transferred to the body structure also. This type of frame
is quite popular for small. European cars and American cars. is,
however, heavy.
3. Integral or unit frame
In the integral or unit frame and body type construction, there is
no frame and all assembly units are attached to the body. The
body and frame is a single unit which is welded together and all
the function of the frame are carried out on it.
