Hands-on Labs 01: Initiation to Virtualization
Cloud Computing Course
March 3, 2025
Objectives
This lab aims to introduce students to virtualization concepts by installing and con-
figuring virtual machines (VMs) in VirtualBox. By the end of this session, students
should be able to:
• Install and configure VirtualBox.
• Create and manage virtual machines (e.g., using Lubuntu OS).
• Configure network settings for communication between VMs and the host.
• Establish SSH connections within and across virtual machines.
Student Name
Guedouar islam abdelkader
.
1
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
Step 1: Installing VirtualBox
1. Install VirtualBox on your host machine.
2. Verify that CPU virtualization is enabled.
Question 1: What did you do to verify that CPU virtualization is enabled?
A1 -Steps to check it
i’m i macos user so that the virtulization is enable par default and i cheack that by using this
command “sysctl -a | grep machdep.cpu.features”
and the output will be “machdep.cpu.features: FPU VME DE PSE TSC MSR VMX PAE MCE
CX HTT TM PBEND F16C ex …..” and the VMX mean that it’s enable
1
Step 2: Setting Up Lubuntu VM
1. Download the Lubuntu ISO image from the official website.
2. Create a new VM in VirtualBox and name it Lubuntu-01.
Question 2: What did you give it as resources?
A2 -Computational resources given to the VM
i want to give it 2GB RAM 1CPU CORE and 32GB STORAGE
3. Set the hostname to Lubuntu-01 during installation.
4. Use your family name as the username.
2
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
Step 3: Configuring Network and SSH
1. Ensure the network is set to NAT mode.
2. Install OpenSSH inside the VM. Hint:
sudo apt update && sudo apt install openssh-server
3. Verify SSH is running and accessible from within the VM. Hint:
systemctl status ssh
ssh localhost
Question 3: What is the output that let you know your SSH server is both
running and working?
A3 -Checking Output
i find that the SSH is inactive i use this command to make it active “sudo systemctl start ssh”
now i get ( active : active (running))
when i use the ssh localhost command i switched to the localhost with a deffrent ip address from
the VM so that mean its working
3
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
Step 4: Exporting and Importing the VM
1. Power off the VM.
2. Export the VM as an OVA file.
3. Import the OVA file to create a second VM, rename it: Lubuntu-02.
4. Verify that Lubuntu-02 is operational, then, rename its hostname (VM name
from the inside) to Lubuntu-02.
Question 4: How did you rename it to Lubuntu-02 from the inside?
A4 -Steps to rename the hostname
i have to change the hostname in the files “etc/hostname etc/hosts” i use this commands
respectively
sudo nano etc/hostname / sudo nano etc/hosts
and i have to reboot the VM
or run this command wihout rebooting sudo hostnamectl set-hostname “islam-2 VM’s”
Step 5: Adjusting Networking Settings
1. Power off both VMs.
2. Add a second network interface to Lubuntu-01 and set it to Bridged mode.
3. Set the first network interface of both VMs to Internal mode.
Hint: if the VM is running and you changed the network interface to ”Internal”,
the VM might not take it instantly. To accelerate this you can run:
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
4. Power on both VMs.
4
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
5. Check the assigned IP addresses. Hint:
ip a
Question 5: What are the network addresses for both Lubuntu-01 and
Lubuntu-02 VMs?
A5.1 -IP parameters fo Lubuntu-01
the network address of the L1 : 192.168.1.0/24
IP address : 192.168.1.40/24
A5.2 -IP parameters fo Lubuntu-02
here there is not ipv4 addrees assigned to any network because the network mode is internal
i have to create private one for it to use it later in the question 9
IP address : 10.10.10.10
5
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
Step 6: Establishing Network Connectivity
1. From the host machine, ping the bridged interface of Lubuntu-01.
Question 6: What is the used command and output?
A6.1 -Used Command
ping 192.169.1.40
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A6.2 -Obtained output
pc@PCs-MacBook-Pro ~ % ping 192.168.1.40
PING 192.168.1.40 (192.168.1.40): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.825 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.377 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.345 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.322 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.646 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.1.40: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.378 ms
^C
--- 192.168.1.40 ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0.0% packet loss
; round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.322/0.482/0.825/0.187 ms
2. SSH from the host machine to Lubuntu-01.
Question 7: What is the used command and output?
A7.1 -Used Command
ssh
[email protected] 7
6
Cloud Computing: Engineer-3 (2024/2025)
Initiation to Virtualization Babaghayou Messaoud
A7.2 -Obtained output
now from the termical i have full control from the host to the vm
The authenticity of host '192.168.1.40 (192.168.1.40)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:oa1D6NMIG2LGMz5/iOcx7AXKDPqfqMIk7VQWZriq2YE.
[email protected]'s password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.11.0-17-generic x86_64)
islam@islam-virtualbox:~$ ls
Desktop Documents Downloads Music Pictures Public Templates Videos snap
islam@islam-virtualbox:~$ cd Desktop/
Question 8: How to check you are really logged into Lubuntu-01 via SSH?
A8.1 -Used Command
hostname OR whoami OR hostname -I
8
A8.2 -Obtained output
respectively
islam-virtualbox / islam / 192.168.1.40
all indicate to the L1 vm
3. From Lubuntu-01, SSH into Lubuntu-02.
Question 9: Confirm you are logged into Lubuntu-02 via SSH (only the
confirmation/obtained output)
A9 -Obtained output
islam@islam-virtualbox:~/Desktop$ ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password:
Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04.2 LTS (GNU/Linux 6.11.0-17-generic x86_64)
islam@islam2--VM:~$ hostname
9
