Revision Exercises PURE MATHS A Level
1 f : x → ( x−4 )2+1 for x ∈ R , x < 4
(i) Find f −1 ( x) , stating the domain of f −1.
(ii) Sketch y=f (x ) and y=f −1 (x ) on same graph.
(iii) Find the exact solution of f (x)=f −1(x )
2⃗
OA =i+4 j−3 k and ⃗ OB =5i− j . Point P is such that OAPB is a parallelogram
⃗ ^ B , (iii) exact value of area OAPB, (iv) position vector of M on AB such that
Find(i) OP , (ii) angle A O
AM:MB = 1:2
3 The product of 3 numbers, which form a geometric progression, is 216. If the third number is
decreased by 3, the three numbers now form an arithmetic progression. Find the original numbers.
4 P and Q are points on the circumference of a circle with centre O and radius r. The angle POQ is
radians. Given that the chord PQ has length 4, find an expression for the length of the arc PQ in terms
of only.
5 Find the perpendicular distance from the point (6 , 5) to the line 4 y +3 x=8
6 A new flower-bed is being designed for a large garden. The flower-bed will occupy a rectangle x m
by y m together with a semicircle of diameter x m. A low wall will be built round the flower-bed. The
time needed to build the wall will be 3 hours per metre for the straight parts and 9 hours per metre
for semicircular part. Given that a total time of 180 hours is taken to build the wall, find the values of
x and y which give a flower-bed of maximum area.
6 An inverted cone of base radius 4cm and height 8cm is initially filled with water. Water drips out
from the vertex at a rate of 2 π cm3 s-1. Find the rate of decrease in the depth of the water in the cone
1 2
16 seconds after the dripping starts. [V = π r h]
3
7 The diagram shows the region R bounded by the two parabolas y=x 2 and
2
x=( y −2 ) −2 and the y-axis. Find the coordinates of A and B. Hence find the volume formed when R
is rotated 2 radians about the y-axis.
(Ans: A(−1, 1), B (0 , 2− √ 2), 1.10 units3)
3
8 The functions f and gare given by f ( x )= for all x ≠ 1 and g ( x )=x+ 2 for all real x . Find (i) gf ,
x−1
stating its domain and range, (ii) ( gf )−1, stating any values of x for which ( gf )−1 is not defined.
dy
9 A curve has parametric equations given by x=− √ ( 1−t )3 and y= √ ( 1+t )3 for −1<t <1. Write as a
dx
series of ascending powers of t up to and including the term in t 4, and hence estimate the gradient of
the curve when t = 0.5.
10 Using the substitution x=u2 −1, or otherwise, show that ∫
1
2 x √ x+1 ( √ √√
dx=ln A
x+ 1−1
x +1+1)where A
is an arbitrary constant and x >0.
( 1
)
11 (i) Show that sin 2θ+ π =cos 2θ and hence solve sin 3 θ=cos 2θ for 0 ≤ θ ≤2 π
2
(ii) Express cos 2 θ−sin 3θ in terms of sin θ and hence use your answer to part (i) to determine the
solutions of 4 x3 −2 x 2−3 x +1=0
dy y
12 Solve dx = using the substitution y=sinθ
√1− y 2
dI
13 The current I in an electric circuit at time t satisfies the differential equation 4 =2−3 I
dt
Find I in terms oft , given that I =2 when t=0 .
State what happens to the current in this circuit for large values of t .
14 A curve is defined by the parametric equations x=t 2, y=t 3
Show that the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point A ( p2 , p 3 ) is 2 y−3 px+ p 3=0. Show
that there is just one point on the curve at which the tangent passes through the point (−3 ,−5 ), and
determine the coordinates of this point.
15 When a polynomial f (x) is divided by x−2, the remainder is 4 and when f (x) is divided by x−3 ,
the remainder is 7. Find the remainder in the form ax +b when f (x) is divided by x 2−5 x+ 6.
1 3
16 Expand 2 in ascending powers of x up to x . State the range of values of x for which the
1+ x−6 x
expansion is valid.
d 1
17 By considering ( tanx ) =sec 2 x, solve ∫ 2
dθ
dx ( cos 5 θ+ √3 sin 5 θ )
¿
18 (i) Solve the equation ( z +i ) =2 iz+i
(ii) Write down the 5 roots of the equation z 5−1=0 in the form e iθ ,
where r >0 and – π <θ <π
kπ
(iii) Show that the roots of the equation ( 5+ z )5−( 5−z )5=0 can be written in the form 5 i tan ,
5
where k =0 , ±1 , ± 2
1
1) (a) Solve 2|x−2|<6−x . {−2< x <3 }
3
(b) The diagram shows the curve with equation
x + y −8 x−12 y=4. At each of the points P and Q
2 3
the tangent to the curve is parallel to the y-axis. Find
the coordinates of P and Q.
(c) A curve has parametric equations x=2 sin t ,
−1 1
y=cos 2 t+2 sin t for π ≤ t ≤ π.
2 2
(i) Find the coordinates of the stationary point and cartesian equation of the curve.
(ii) State the set of values that x can take and hence sketch the curve.
2) A container in the shape of an inverted cone of radius 3 metres and vertical height 4.5 metres is initially
filled with liquid fertiliser. This fertiliser is released through a hole in the bottom of the container at a rate
of 0.01 m3 per second. At time t seconds the fertiliser remaining in the container forms an inverted cone of
1 2
height h metres. [The volume of a cone is V = π r h]. Express h in terms of t and hence find the time it
3
takes to empty the container, giving your answer to the nearest minute.
π
6
3) Evaluate ∫
π
( 1−tan
1
x 1+ tan x )
−
1
dx , giving your answer in the form a lnb
12
4) At time t seconds, the radius of a spherical balloon is r cm. The balloon is being inflated so that the rate
of increase of its radius is inversely proportional to the square root of its radius. When t = 5, r = 9 and, at
this instant, the radius is increasing at 1.08 cm s−1.
4 3
[The volume of a sphere is V = π r ]. Express r in terms of t and hence find how much air is in the balloon
3
initially.
( x−1 ) √ y 2 +1
5) Given that dy = and y= √ e 2−2 e when x=e , find a relationship between x and y .
dx xy
6) (i) Show by calculation that the equation tan2 x−x−2=0, where x is measured in radians, has a root
between 1.0 and 1.1.
(ii) Use the iterative formula x n+1=tan−1 √ 2+ x n with a suitable starting value to find this root correct to
5 decimal places. You should show the outcome of each step of the process.
(iii) Deduce a root of the equation sec 2 2 x−2 x−3=0.
7) (i) It is given that k is a positive constant. By sketching the graphs of y=14−x 2 and y=k ln x on a
single diagram, show that the equation 14−x 2=k ln x has exactly one real root.
(ii) The real root of the equation 14−x 2=3 ln x is denoted by α .
(a) Find by calculation the pair of consecutive integers between which α lies.
(b) Use the iterative formula x n+1= √ 14−3 ln x n, with a suitable starting value, to find α . Show the
result of each iteration, and give α correct to 2 decimal places.
2
8) Use the trapezium rule with 5 ordinates to find, in surd form, an approximate value for ∫ 3 dx and
x
0
deduce that ln 3 ≈ 4 ( 2−√ 3 ).
9) Use trapezium rule with 5 ordinates to estimate ∫ √ ln ( 2+ x ) dx, giving your answer to 2 s.f. Sketch the
−1
graph of y= √ ln ( 2+ x ) for −1 ≤ x ≤1 and use your graph to explain whether the estimate is less or greater
than the exact value.
2.5
1
10) Use the trapezium rule with intervals of width 0.5 to find the approximation for ∫ dx , giving
1 1+ ln x
your answer to 2 d.p. Explain with the aid of a sketch whether the approximation is less or greater than the
correct value.
11) Given that w=2+2 i, sketch an Argand diagram showing the points representing 1 ,i and w . Shade
the region whose points represent the complex numbers z which satisfy both the inequalities
|z−1|≤|z−i| and |z−w|=1. Using your diagram, calculate the value of |z| for poins in this region such
that arg z is a minimum.
12) Given that 2−3 i is a root of the equation3 z 3+ a z 2+ 43 z+ b=0 , where a , b ∈ R , find, in no particular
order, the values of a and b , and the remaining two roots.
Explain how the points representing the equation 3 iw 3−a w2−43iw +b=0 , where a , b ∈ R , in an
Argand diagram can be obtained those representing the roots of the equation in the previous part.
3
13) The complex number z satisfies the following relations: |z−1−i|=|√ 3−i| and 0 ≤ arg ( z−5+3 i ) ≤ .
4
(i) On a single Argand diagram, illustrate both of these relations, (ii) Find the exact values of z which
give maximum arg z and minimum arg z
du
14) Find if u=tan x . Hence by considering the substitution u=tan x , show that, for n ≠ 1,
dx
π
4
1
∫ ( tann +2 x + tann x ) dx= n+1
0
15) The number of birds of a certain species in a de-forested area is recorded over a span of several
years. At time t years, the number of birds is N , where N is a variable. The variation if the number of
dN N (1800−N )
birds is modelled by = . It is further given that the initial population is 300 birds. (i)
dt 3600
Find an expression for N in terms of t , (ii) According to the model, how many birds will there be in the
long run?
16) Consider a plane with equation x− y +2 z=d , where d is a real number, and vector ⃗ AB=2 j+ 6 k ,
⃗
such that points A and B both do not lie on the plane (i.e AB does not intersect the plane). Find the
vector of the projection of ⃗
AB onto the plane.
()( )
a 4
17) The line l has equation r = 1 + 3 , where a is a constant and ∈ R . The plane p has equation
4 −2
2 x−2 y+ z=10. (i) Given thatl does not lie in p, show thatl is parallel to p, (ii) Find the value of a for
which l lies in p, (iii) If the distance betweenl and p is 6 units, find the possible values of a .
()
0
18) The plane has equation x + y + z=9 and the plane 1 contains the lines through 2 with
3
( ) ()
1 0
directions −1 and 1 . Find the equation of the plane which is the reflection of 1 in .
0 1
19) The plane has equation r . ( i+ j+k )=8 and the point P, not on , has position vector 2 j+3 k . The
point P1 is the reflection of P in .
(i) Find the position vector of P1.
The lines l1 and l2 both pass through P and are parallel to the vectors i− j and j+ k respectively. The
lines L1 and L2 are reflections of l1 and l2 in respectively.
(ii) Find vectors m1 and m2 such that m1 is parallel to L1 and m2 parallel to L2.
The plane 1 contains both l1 and l2. The plane 2 is the reflection of 1 in .
(iii) Find an equation of 2 in the form r . n^ =d .
() ( )
1 −1
20) The equation of a straight line is l r = 2 +t 1 ,t ∈ R
3 1
The point A on l is given by t=0 , and the origin of position vectors O .
(i) Calculate the acute angle between OA and l , giving your answer correct to the nearest degree.
(ii) Find the position vector of the point P onl such that OP is perpendicular to l
(iii) A point Q on l is such that the length of OQ is 5 units. Find the two possible position vectors of Q.
(iv) The points R and S on l are given by t=¿ and t=2 respectively. Show that there is no value of for
which ¿ and OS are perpendicular.
21) The equations of two planes 1 and 2 are given by
1: 2 x+ 4 y− z=8
2: x +2 z =6
Find the vector equation of the line of intersection l between the planes 1 and 2
Another plane 3 is given by 15 x−8 y +40 z=22
By moving plane 3 by m units in the direction of vector v , all three planes will meet at l . Find m and v .
22) The plane 1 contains the points A, B and C whose position vectors are i+4 j−3 k , 5 i− j and
2 i+ j+3 k respectively. The plane 2 has equation x− y + z=1 . The two planes intersect in the line l .
(i) Find the Cartesian equation of the plane 1.
(ii) Find the acute angle between the planes 1 and 2.
(iii) Find the vector equation of the line l .
(iv) Find the length of projection of AB onto plane 2 in exact form.
()
1
(v) The plane 3 has equation r . −1 =−2. Find the distance between 2 and 3.
1
(vi) The plane 4 contains the point E with coordinates ( k , 1 ,1 ) and is parallel to l and perpendicular to
2. Find the equation of 4. Hence find the value of k such that 1, 2 and 4 intersect in the line l .
()
1
23) A plane has equation r . 2 =3 . Show that the point B(−1 ,−5 , 4 ) is not lying on the plane. Find
−1
a point C which lies on the same side of as B and is further away from than B by a distance of √ 6
units.
2
xn +6 x n
24) A recurrence relation is defined by x n+1= 2
, where n=1 ,2 , 3 ⋯
x n + x n+1
(i) If x n converge to when n is large, find the exact value of .
(ii) If x 1=0.5, obtain the first 4 terms of the sequence { x n }. What can you say about the sequence { x n }
when n is large?
(iii) By sketching a suitable diagram, explain clearly that if x k > √ 5 for some integer k then x k+1 < x k
24) When x 4 −2 x 3−7 x 2 +7 x+ a is divided by x 2+ 2 x−1 , the quotient is x 2+ bx+ 2 and the remainder is
cx +7 . Find the values of the constants a , b and c .
25) Given that A ( sin θ+cos θ ) +B ( cos θ−sin θ ) ≡ 4 sin θ , find the values of the constants A and B. Hence
1
π
4
find the exact value of ∫ 4 sin θ
dθ ,
0 sin θ+cos θ
giving your answer in the form aπ −ln b .
26) The parametric equations of a curve
are x=2 θ+sin 2 θ, y=4 sin θ , and part of
its graph is shown below:
(i) Find the value of θ at A and the value
of θ at B.
(ii) At point C on the curve, the gradient
is 2. Find the coordinates of C, giving
your answer in an exact form.
27) In a controlled experiment, the rate at which liquid fuel is pumped into a tank is twice the
remaining volume of the tank, and the rate at which the fuel in the tank is used up is proportional to
the square of the volume of fuel in the tank. The capacity of the tank is 3/2 m3 and the volume of fuel
in the tank at time t is x m3.
(i) Given that the volume of fuel in the tank stabilizes at 1 m3, show that the increase of the fuel is
dx
given by the differential equation =−( x + 2 x−3 )
2
dt
(ii) Given that the tank is initially empty, find x in terms oft .
(iii) Sketch the graph of your solution curve in (ii)
28) (a) On a single Argand diagram, shade the region satisfied by |z−3−2 i|≤ 2 and arg ( z−2
1+i )
≥ 0. Find
the range of |z−5|
(b) In an Argand diagram, points S and T represent the complex numbers 1+2 i and 4−2 i . Without the
^ .
use of a graphic calculator, find the angle S OT
