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Java Variables and Inner Classes Overview

The document provides an overview of Java programming concepts including variable declaration, data input, class structures, access and non-access modifiers, packages, inheritance, inner classes, interfaces, and date/time handling. It includes code examples demonstrating how to declare constants, read user input, use access modifiers, and implement interfaces. Additionally, it explains the use of the java.time package for managing date and time in Java.

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hoangthuy05082005
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12 views2 pages

Java Variables and Inner Classes Overview

The document provides an overview of Java programming concepts including variable declaration, data input, class structures, access and non-access modifiers, packages, inheritance, inner classes, interfaces, and date/time handling. It includes code examples demonstrating how to declare constants, read user input, use access modifiers, and implement interfaces. Additionally, it explains the use of the java.time package for managing date and time in Java.

Uploaded by

hoangthuy05082005
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Khai báo biến


- Khai báo hằng số: final int abc=123;
2. Nhập dữ liệu từ bàn phím
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Nhap_du_lieu{
public static void main(String[] args){
// Nhập vào chuỗi
String chuoi=new Scanner(System.in).nextLine();
// Nhập vào số
int a=new Scanner(System.in).nextInt();

}
}
3. Class
* Access Modifiers
- public, private, protected

- default: Default class chỉ có thể truy cập trong cùng một package.

* Non-Access Modifiers
- final:
public class Main {
final int x = 10;
final double PI = 3.14;

public static void main(String[] args) {


Main myObj = new Main();
myObj.x = 50; // will generate an error: cannot assign a value to a final
variable
myObj.PI = 25; // will generate an error: cannot assign a value to a final
variable
System.out.println(myObj.x);
}
}
- static: phương thức có nghĩa là nó có thể được truy cập mà không cần tạo đối
tượng của lớp, không giống như public

- abstract:

* Java Packages & API


- To use a class or a package from the library, you need to use the import keyword:
import package.name.Class; // Import a single class
import package.name.*; // Import the whole package
VD:
import java.util.Scanner;
In the example above, java.util is a package, while Scanner is a class of the
java.util package.
* Kế thừa: To inherit from a class, use the extends keyword.
* Java Inner Classes: Lớp trong lớp
VD: class OuterClass {
int x = 10;

class InnerClass {
int y = 5;
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
OuterClass myOuter = new OuterClass();
OuterClass.InnerClass myInner = myOuter.new InnerClass();
System.out.println(myInner.y + myOuter.x);
}
}

// Outputs 15 (5 + 10)
* Java Interface
VD: interface Animal {
public void animalSound(); // interface method (does not have a body)
public void sleep(); // interface method (does not have a body)
}

// Pig "implements" the Animal interface


class Pig implements Animal {
public void animalSound() {
// The body of animalSound() is provided here
System.out.println("The pig says: wee wee");
}
public void sleep() {
// The body of sleep() is provided here
System.out.println("Zzz");
}
}

class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Pig myPig = new Pig(); // Create a Pig object
myPig.animalSound();
myPig.sleep();
}
}
4. Java Date and Time
Java does not have a built-in Date class, but we can import the java.time package
to work with the date and time API. The package includes many date and time
classes. For example:

Class Description
LocalDate Represents a date (year, month, day (yyyy-MM-dd))
LocalTime Represents a time (hour, minute, second and nanoseconds (HH-mm-ss-
ns))
LocalDateTime Represents both a date and a time (yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-ns)
DateTimeFormatte Formatter for displaying and parsing date-time objects

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