[Link] – ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer in a sentence or two.
1. Why do animals move around?
Answer – Animals move around in search of food, shelter and to
escape from predators or enemies.
2. Give an example of movement in plants.
Answer – Example of movement in plants: A sunflower turns its
face towards the sun due to phototropism.
3. What are cells ? Are all living things made up of cells ?
Answer- Cells are the structural units of all living organisms. Yes, all
living things are made up of cells.
4. There is some growth in unicellular organisms. How do they
grow?
Answer-
Unicellular organisms show some growth by an increase in the size
of the single cell that constitutes the organism.
5. Give an example of a stimulus and a response.
Answer- Example of a stimulus and a response: If you accidentally
touch a hot object, you automatically withdraw your hand. The
heat of the hot object is the stimulus and you, withdrawing your
hand is the response to the stimulus.
6. How are autotrophs different from heterotrophs?
Answer-
Autotrophs Heterotrophs
They prepare their own food They depend upon
by the process of other organisms for
photosynthesis. food.
Example: Green plants Example: Animals
7. All living things take in oxygen . What fun to does oxygen
perform in the body?
Answer- The oxygen taken in by living things during breathing is
combined with the food that is digested by them to produce
energy.
8. Name three waste products that we excrete.
Answer – The three waste products that we excrete are:
1. Sweat
2. Urine
3. Exhaled air
D. LONG- ANSWER QUESTIONS: Answer these questions.
[Link] with an example what is meant by ‘living things respond
to stimuli’.
Answer- Living things respond to changes in their environment. For
example, if you touch the leaves of the Mimosa (touch-me-not)
plant, the leaves droop. In this case, the plant is responding to the
stimulus of touch by drooping its leaves.
2. How do living things grow? Some non- living things also grow.
How is their growth different from the growth of living things?
Answer- Living things grow by the division of cells.
-Unicellular organisms such as Amoeba grow by an increase in the
size of the single cell that makes up the organism.
-Non-living things grow by the addition of material from outside.
For example, a pile of sand will grow if more sand is added to it.
3. List three ways in which living things reproduce, giving one
example of each.
Answer – Three ways in which living things reproduce are:
1. Some living things produce buds which grow into new
organisms. For example, potatoes produce buds, known as
eyes which grow into new potato plants.
2. Mammals such as humans give birth directly to young ones.
3. Some snakes, birds and crocodiles lay eggs and the young
ones hatch from the egg.
4. List four different ways in which organisms carry out exchange of
gases for respiration, with one example of each .
Answer- All living organisms exchange gases with the environment.
The examples are as follows:
1. Fishes respire using their gills.
2. Earthworms use their skin for respiration.
3. Insects such as cockroaches breathe through several tracheal
tubes in their bodies.
4. Humans and many other animals such as cows, goats etc.
respire through external nostrils, which supplies air to their
lungs.
5. Explain phototropism and geotropism in plants. Are there any
similar examples in the animal world also?
Answer- If a plant is potted near a window, its stem will bend
toward the light as it grows. The growth of a plant towards light is
known as phototropism. In the same way, the roots of plants grow
towards the earth and the stem grows in the opposite direction.
This is an example of geotropism.
In animals, cockroaches and earthworms show negative
phototropism. They move away from light. In the same
way, Paramecium swims in the opposite direction of the Earth's
gravity and shows negative geotropism.
6. Explain giving example what you mean by a ‘species’.
Answer- Each type of living organism has many individuals which
are broadly similar to each other. Individuals may differ slightly but
their behaviour, habits or appearance are quite similar. Such a
group constitutes a species. Members of a species inhabit the same
environment, eat the same kind of food and reproduce among
themselves.
For example, all pigs are a species, humans form a species, oak
trees are a species of trees etc.
HOTS QUESTIONS: Think and answer.
1. Plants take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide during
respiration all the time. Why do then say that plants supply
oxygen to the air?
Answer-
2. A car ‘eats’ fuel, ‘breathes’ air, ‘excretes’ smoke and ‘moves’
from place to place. Why is it not considered to be living ?
Answer –
3. Are living things matter?
Answer -
4. Why does the population of animals living in jungles not
increase as quickly as the human population does ?
Answer –
5. Cells are made up of molecules. Why then do we say that the
structural unit of a living thing is a cell , and not a molecule ?
Answer -
