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Chemistry
Higher level
Paper 1

4 November 2024

Zone A afternoon Zone B afternoon Zone C afternoon

1 hour

Instructions to candidates
y Do not open this examination paper until instructed to do so.
y Answer all the questions.
y For each question, choose the answer you consider to be the best and indicate your choice on
the answer sheet provided.
y The periodic table is provided for reference on page 2 of this examination paper.
y The maximum mark for this examination paper is [40 marks].

8824 – 9540
20 pages © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024
ENG

The Periodic Table

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

1 2
1 H He
1.01 4.00

3 4 Atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 Li Be Element B C N O F Ne
6.94 9.01 Relative atomic mass 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
3 Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
22.99 24.31 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.10 40.08 44.96 47.87 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.93 58.69 63.55 65.38 69.72 72.63 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.90

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
–2–

5 Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.96 (98) 101.07 102.91 106.42 107.87 112.41 114.82 118.71 121.76 127.60 126.90 131.29

55 56 57 † 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
6 Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.91 137.33 138.91 178.49 180.95 183.84 186.21 190.23 192.22 195.08 196.97 200.59 204.38 207.2 208.98 (209) (210) (222)

87 88 89 ‡ 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118
7 Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Unt Uug Uup Uuh Uus Uuo
(223) (226) (227) (267) (268) (269) (270) (269) (278) (281) (281) (285) (286) (289) (288) (293) (294) (294)

† 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.12 140.91 144.24 (145) 150.36 151.96 157.25 158.93 162.50 164.93 167.26 168.93 173.05 174.97

‡ 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.04 231.04 238.03 (237) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)
8824 – 9540
 –3– 8824 – 9540

1. How many moles of phosphate ions, PO43-, are there in 103.39 g of Ca3(PO4)2?
Mr = 310.18

A. 0.11

B. 0.33

C. 0.67

D. 2.00

2. What is the sum of the coefficients for the balanced equation of the combustion of iron(II) sulphide
using the smallest whole numbers?

_FeS (s) + _O2 (g) → _Fe2O3 (s) + _SO2 (g)

A. 6

B. 7

C. 14

D. 17

3. What is the yield of sodium chloride, in grams, when 4.60 g of sodium reacts with 1.14 dm3 of
chlorine gas at STP?
Molar volume = 22.7 dm3 mol-1

2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) → 2NaCl (s)

A. 1.17

B. 2.92

C. 5.84

D. 11.7

4. What is the pressure, in Pa, inside a 3.0 dm3 cylinder containing 64 g of O2 at 25.0 ºC?
R = 8.31 J K-1 mol-1; PV = nRT
2  8.31  25
A.
3.0

2 8.31 298
B.
3.0 10 3

2  8.31  298
C.
3 .0
4 8.31 298
D.
3.0 10 3
Turn over
 –4– 8824 – 9540

5. What is the Ar of the element as determined from its mass spectrum below?

80.1

% Abundance
19.9

10 11
Mass/Charge

A. 10.0

B. 10.2

C. 10.5

D. 10.8

6. What is correct for the wavelength and energy of the radiation of the ultraviolet and visible regions
of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Ultraviolet region Visible region

A. Lower wavelength and higher energy Higher wavelength and lower energy

B. Lower wavelength and lower energy Higher wavelength and higher energy

C. Higher wavelength and lower energy Lower wavelength and higher energy

D. Higher wavelength and higher energy Lower wavelength and lower energy
 –5– 8824 – 9540

7. The graph represents the first ten ionization energies (IE) of an element.

Ionization Energy (KJ mol1)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Number of electrons removed

What is the element?

A. Cl

B. Ne

C. O

D. S

8. [Co(H2O)6]3+ is blue while [Co(CN)6]3- is pale yellow. Which statement correctly explains the
difference in colour?

A. The ligand in [Co(CN)6]3- is weaker and absorbs light of higher frequency.

B. The oxidation state of cobalt is different in each complex.

C. The different colours are due to the different charges on the complex.

D. The ligand in [Co(CN)6]3- causes larger 3d orbital splitting and absorbs light of
higher frequency.

Turn over
 –6– 8824 – 9540

9. Which of these period 3 oxides forms a solution with pH<7 when added to water?

A. Al2O3

B. MgO

C. Na2O

D. P4O6

10. Which configuration is that of a transition metal atom in its ground state?

A. [Ne]3s23p6

B. [Ar]3d9

C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p2

D. [Ar]4s13d5

11. Which types of intermolecular force exist between CH4, CH3OH and CH3Cl molecules?

CH4 CH3OH CH3Cll

A. London dispersion, London dispersion,
London dispersion only
H-bonding, dipole-dipole dipole-dipole

B. London dispersion, London dispersion, London dispersion,

H-bonding H-bonding, dipole-dipole H-bonding, dipole-dipole

C. London dispersion,
London dispersion only London dispersion only
dipole-dipole

D. London dispersion, London dispersion,

London dispersion only
H-bonding dipole-dipole
 –7– 8824 – 9540

12. What is the molecular geometry and hybridization of the numbered atoms in the molecule
shown below?




 





N(1) C(2) C(3)

A. sp2 / bent sp2 / trigonal planar sp / linear

B. sp2 / trigonal planar sp2 / bent sp2 / bent

C. sp3 / tetrahedral sp2 / trigonal planar sp / bent

D. sp / bent sp3 / tetrahedral sp3 / linear

13. How many sigma (σ) and pi (π) bonds are present in the molecule below?

(NC)2CC(CN)2

σ π

A. 7 5

B. 9 5

C. 9 9

D. 13 5

Turn over
 –8– 8824 – 9540

14. Which statements are correct for alloys?

I. They are homogeneous mixtures of metals with other metals or non-metals.

II. The different sizes of atoms in alloys prevent layers of metallic cations sliding over
each other easily.
III. Adding carbon to iron produces an alloy that is stronger than pure iron.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

15. What are the signs of ∆H À and ∆S À for this reaction that is non-spontaneous at high temperatures
and spontaneous at low temperatures?
∆G À = ∆H À − T∆S À

SO3 (l) + CaO (s) → CaSO4 (s)

∆H À ∆S À
A. + +

B. - -

C. - +

D. + -

16. Consider the following equations:

H2 (g) + F2 (g) → 2HF (g) ∆H À = - x kJ

C (s) + 2F2 (g) → CF4 (g) ∆H À = - y kJ
2C (s) + 2H2 (g) → C2H4 (g) ∆H À = + z kJ

What is the ∆H À of the reaction?

C2H4 (g) + 6F2 (g) → 2CF4 (g) + 4HF (g)

A. -x-y-z

B. -x-y+z

C. -2x + 2y - z

D. -2x - 2y - z
 –9– 8824 – 9540

17. Which of the diagrams represents the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of kinetic energy of
molecules of the same sample of a gas at two temperatures, T1 and T2, when T1>T2?

A. B.
T2
Fraction of molecules

Fraction of molecules
T2 T1
T1

Kinetic energy, Ke Kinetic energy, Ke

C. D.
Fraction of molecules

Fraction of molecules
T1
T1
T2
T2

Kinetic energy, Ke Kinetic energy, Ke

18. What is the enthalpy change, in kJ mol-1, when 107 g of solid ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, are
added to water to form 50.0 cm3 of solution, producing a maximum decrease of 28 ºC?
Mr NH4Cl = 53.5
Specific heat capacity of water= 4.18 J g−1 K−1

50.0  4.18   28  273 

A. ∆H =
2  1000
50.0 4.18 28
B. ∆H =
2 1000
50.0  4.18   28  273 
C. ∆H =
2  1000
50.0 × 4.18 × 28
D. ∆H =
2 × 1000

Turn over
 – 10 – 8824 – 9540

19. The non-catalysed decomposition of H2O2 was monitored giving the dotted line in the
following graph.

Which curve represents the catalysed reaction if performed at the same temperature and using the
same concentration of reactants?

A
Volume O2 / cm3

B
C
D

Time / s
 – 11 – 8824 – 9540

20. The rate constants of a reaction at different temperatures were plotted giving the following graph.

ln k

1/T

What does the slope of the line represent?

Ea
ln k ln A
RT

A. −Ea/R

B. −Ea

C. ln A

D. −Ea/RT

21. The reaction between carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide follows the two-step mechanism:

2NO2 (g) → NO3(g) + NO(g) Slow step

CO(g) + NO3(g) → CO2(g) + NO2(g) Fast step

What is the rate expression of this reaction?

A. Rate = k[NO2]2

B. Rate = k[NO2]2[CO][NO3]

C. Rate = k[CO][NO3]

D. Rate = k[NO2]2[CO]

Turn over
 – 12 – 8824 – 9540

22. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water as shown in the equation below. What will happen if the
temperature of the aqueous solution is increased?

CO2 (g) + 2H2O (l)  H3O+ (aq) + HCO3- (aq) ∆H À= −19.3 kJ mol-1

A. The equilibrium shifts to the right and pH decreases.

B. The equilibrium shifts to the right and pH increases.

C. The equilibrium shifts to the left and pH increases.

D. The equilibrium shifts to the left and pH decreases.

23. Which of the following statements is correct for the position of equilibrium of a reaction?

∆GÀ = −RTlnK

I. It will always shift to the right when temperature increases.

II. If ∆GÀ < 0, then K > 1 and products are favoured over reactants.
III. If ∆GÀ= 0, then K=1 and [reactants] and [products] are approximately equal.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

24. The pH of an aqueous solution Z is 5 and the pH of an aqueous solution X is 10. What is the ratio
of their H3O+ concentrations?

A. [H3O+] is 2 times lower in X than in Z.

B. [H3O+] is 5 times lower in X than in Z.

C. [H3O+] is 1×102 times lower in X than in Z.

D. [H3O+] is 1×105 times lower in X than in Z.

 – 13 – 8824 – 9540

25. Using the data provided in the table, which of the conjugate bases is the strongest?

Acid Ka

HClO 2.9 × 10−8

C6H5COOH 6.3 × 10−5

H3PO4 7.3 × 10−3

H2SO3 1.3 × 10−2

A. ClO−

B. C6H5COO−

C. H2PO4−

D. HSO3−

26. Consider the phosphate buffer system, Na2HPO4 /NaH2PO4.

What is correct when a small amount of a strong base is added to the buffer?

A. OH− react with Na+ to form NaOH.

B. [H2PO4− ] increases.

C. [HPO42− ] increases.

D. OH− react with H2PO4− to form PO43−.

Turn over
 – 14 – 8824 – 9540

27. A 25 cm3 sample of a weak base was titrated with hydrochloric acid, HCl.

14

12

10

8
pH
6

0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Volume of HCl added/cm 3

What is the pKb of the base?

A. 2

B. 5

C. 9

D. 11

28. In which reaction does H2 act as an oxidizing agent?

A. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

B. 2Na (s) + H2 (g) → 2NaH (s)

C. Cl2 (g) + H2 (g) → 2HCl (g)

D. H2CCH2 (g) + H2 (g) → H3CCH3 (g)

 – 15 – 8824 – 9540

29. A voltaic cell is constructed from half-cells using metals X and Z as electrodes. What will occur
when this cell produces electricity?

X2+ (aq) + 2e−  X (s) E À= +0.25 v

Z2+ (aq) + 2e−  Z (s) E À= −0.60 v

Voltmeter

Salt bridge
z x

Z2+ X2+
(aq) (aq)

A. Positive ions flow through the salt bridge to Z half-cell.

B. Electrons flow from X half-cell to Z half-cell.

C. The concentration of X2+ increases.

D. Mass of electrode Z decreases.

30. Which statement is correct for a reaction in a voltaic cell, for which both ∆HÀ and ∆SÀ are positive?

∆GÀ = −nFEÀ

A. EÀ cell will increase with an increase in temperature.

B. EÀ cell will decrease with an increase in temperature.

C. EÀ cell will not change when the temperature increases.

D. ∆GÀ > 0 for all temperatures.

Turn over
 – 16 – 8824 – 9540

31. Which statement is correct for the value of EÀ of the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)?

A. It was determined experimentally.

B. It depends on the temperature.

C. It was arbitrarily set.

D. It depends on the EÀ of the second electrode.

32. Which of these functional groups are present in aspartame?

 


 


A. Carboxyl, secondary amino and ether

B. Carboxyl, secondary amino and ester

C. Ether, primary amino and secondary amino

D. Ester, primary amino and carboxyl

 – 17 – 8824 – 9540

33. What is the IUPAC name of this compound?

A. 2,3-dimethylpentanal

B. 2,3-methylpentanal

C. 2-methyl-3-ethylbutanal

D. 3-ethyl-2-methylbutanal

34. Which of the following compounds can react with acidified potassium dichromate to give an acid?

A. CH3CH(OH)CH3

B. CH3COCH3

C. CH3CH2CH(CH2OH)CH2CH3

D. CH3C(CH3)(OH)CH3

Turn over
 – 18 – 8824 – 9540

35. How many optical isomers exist for ascorbic acid?





 




A. 2

B. 4

C. 5

D. 6

36. 2-bromo-2-methylbutane, CH3CH2CBr(CH3)2, reacts with a warm solution of NaOH to form

an alcohol.



 
              


   

What is the reaction mechanism and rate expression?

Reaction mechanism Rate expression

A. Sn2 rate = k[CH3CH2CBr(CH3)2] [OH− ]

B. Sn 1 rate = k[CH3CH2CBr(CH3)2]

C. Sn1 rate = k[CH3CH2CBr(CH3)2] [OH− ]

D. Sn 2 rate = k[CH3CH2CBr(CH3)2]
 – 19 – 8824 – 9540

37. Which of the following compounds would give an optically active compound on reacting
with LiAlH4?

A. Propanal

B. Butanal

C. Butanone

D. Propanone

38. Which statements are correct about the molecular ion, M+, in a mass spectrum?

I. The M+ is not always the peak with highest intensity in the mass spectrum.
II. The M+ is always the most stable fragment formed during electron bombardment.
III. The m/z ratio of the M+ ion peak gives the relative molecular mass of the molecule.

A. I and II only

B. I and III only

C. II and III only

D. I, II and III

Turn over
 – 20 – 8824 – 9540

39. Which compound gives this 1HNMR spectrum?

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
ppm

[Source: SDBS, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.]

A.  B.  




 

    

C. 
  
D. 
 


    

40. A student performs an investigation to determine the content of ethanoic acid in vinegar samples
using a non-standardized sodium hydroxide solution. Which type of error will occur and how will
this affect the quality of the data obtained?

A. Systematic error and lower accuracy

B. Systematic error and lower precision

C. Random error and lower precision

D. Random error and lower accuracy

Disclaimer:
Content used in IB assessments is taken from authentic, third-party sources. The views expressed within them belong to their
individual authors and/or publishers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the IB.

References:
39. SDBS, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.
All other texts, graphics and illustrations © International Baccalaureate Organization 2024