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Function in Discrete Structures Assignment

The document discusses various types of functions including one-to-one, onto, and bijective functions. It provides examples of one-to-one functions from set X to set Y, proves that the function f(x) = 4x - 1 is onto, and confirms that a given function is bijective. Additionally, it derives the inverse of the function defined by 4x^2 - 1 = y.

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38 views3 pages

Function in Discrete Structures Assignment

The document discusses various types of functions including one-to-one, onto, and bijective functions. It provides examples of one-to-one functions from set X to set Y, proves that the function f(x) = 4x - 1 is onto, and confirms that a given function is bijective. Additionally, it derives the inverse of the function defined by 4x^2 - 1 = y.

Uploaded by

rubabrafiq445
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Q1. Find all one-to-one functions from X = {a, b} to Y = {u, v}.

Sets of elements:

 Set X has two elements:

X = {a, b}

The elements are aaa and bbb.

 Set Y has two elements:

Y = {u, v}

The elements are uuu and vvv.

Conditions for a one-to-one function:

If the images of each distinct pair of items x1 and x2 in X are likewise distinct in Y, then
the function f from set X to set Y is one-to-one.
List One-to-One Functions:

 F1(a) = u, f1(b) = v
 F2(a) = v, f2(b) = u

Q2. Define f: R →R by the rule


f(x) = 4x-1 for all x ∈R
Is f onto? Prove or give a counter example.

Onto Function:

A function f: A→B is said to onto if every element of y belongs to B and there is at least
one element of x that belongs to A such that:

f(x) = y

Verify if f is onto:

We need to check if, for every y ∈ R, we can find an x ∈ R such that:


f(x) = y

 Using the given function f(x)=4x−1, we need to solve for x in terms of y:

Y = 4x − 1

 Add 1 to both sides:

Y + 1 = 4x + 1

 Now, divide by 4:

y+ 1
X=
4

For any y ∈ R, we can always find an x ∈ R. Since this holds for every y ∈ Ry, the function
f(x)=4x−1 is onto (surjective).

Q3. Determine whether the given function is bijective or not?

The function f: X→Y is defined by the arrow diagram is both one-to-one and onto hence this
function is bijective.
Q4. Find the inverse of the function such that.
4x2-1 = y

 By definition:

−1
f ( y ) = x ⇔f(x) = y

 Now solving f(x) = y for x

⟺4 x 2 – 1 = y

 Add 1 on both sides:

2
⟺4 x = y + 1

 Divide both sides by 4:

2 y+ 1
⟺x =
4

 By taking square root on both side:

⟺ x=
√ y+1
2
 It will become:

⟺ x=± √
y +1
2

 By ignoring the negative value, we will get

⟺f =
−1 √ y+1
2

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