Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Section 13 Steering Gear
Table of Contents
1 Structure and Functions ..................................................................................................................................[229]
2 Dismounting and installation .......................................................................................................................... [229]
3 Dismounting and repair ...................................................................................................................................[231]
1. Structure and Functions
(I) Functions
As the control element for the vehicle’s steering system, the steering gear realizes the vehicle’s
steering function through the steering wheel.
(II) Working principle
The control/amplifying valve rotator, which comprises valve core, valve bush and valve body, plays
the double role of controlling oil flow direction and amplifying the flow quantity; the cycloidal pin wheel
gear pair, which comprises rotator and stator, plays the role of measuring motor and ensures that oil
quantity of the outlet is directly proportion to the turning angle of the steering wheel; release pin and
the rotor of connected shaft linking the control/amplifying valve rotator to the cycloidal pin wheel gear
pair constitutes the mechanical feedback link; retracting spring enables the valve core and valve
bush of the control/amplifying valve rotator to override the dead band and realize precise centering.
When the steering gear is at the neutral position, oil from the priority valve returns directly from the oil
return port to the oil tank. When the steering gear deviates from the neutral position with the turning
of the steering wheel, oil from the priority valve is divided into two routes: some oil (in small quantities)
flows to the cycloidal pin wheel gear pair via the control/amplifying valve rotator, thus pushing the
rotator to turn with the steering wheel. The rate of oil flow through the cycloidal pin wheel gear pair is
proportional to the speed of the steering wheel. The faster the steering wheel turns, the higher the
rate of oil flow through the cycloidal pin wheel gear pair is, and vice versa. Other oil directly flows to
the steering cylinder via the control/amplifying valve rotator, thus pushing the vehicle frame to steer.
Flow rate is controlled by the mechanical feedback link, which comprises release pin and the rotor of
connected shaft linking the control/amplifying valve rotator to the cycloidal pin wheel gear pair. In
other words, the flow rate is proportional to the speed of the steering wheel. The faster the steering
wheel turns, the higher the flow rate is and the quicker the steering is, and vice versa.
2. Dismounting and Installation
(1) Location of steering gear on the product
Oil inlet, oil return,
Steering gear working oil pipe
Figure 6-13-1
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Section 13 Steering Gear
Steering column
Fixing bolts for
steering gear
Figure 6-13-2
Oil inlet, oil return,
working oil pipe joint
Mounting hole
Spider bushing
Figure 6-13-3
①Steering gear is mounted below cab chassis and joined to steering column inside the cab through pipe
saddle fitted on cab chassis (see Figure 6-13-1);
②Mount four bolts M10×85 and corresponding elastic washers;
(2) Dismounting steps
①Release the pressure before dismounting. Dismount the connecting pipelines of the 5 joints as shown
in Figure 6-13-1, and the pipeline with the smallest diameter is the feedback pipeline on the flank of the
steering gear;
② Oil leak is possible during dismounting and oil pans are readied for use; protect oil ports and make
reassembly marks;
③ The following operations are done inside the cab: remove the housing of the steering column before
taking down four M10×85 fasteners as shown in Figure 6-13-2; meanwhile, personnel outside the cab are
required to hold the steering gear to prevent the steering gear from being overturned or placed upside
down and stop the spider bushing from falling off (see Figure 6-13-3);
(3) Inspection notes
①Check if there is any foreign matter in internal chamber of each oil port;
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
②Screw plugs and pressure regulating & fastening ends of the steering gear may not be loosened without
authorization; any adjustment shall be performed by designated personnel only;
4) Installation
①Pay attention to the mounting direction of the steering gear during installation with 4 groups of oil ports
pointing to the rear side of vehicle body;
②Check if connecting paper gaskets are intact and make replacement if necessary;
③Check if the spider bushing is installed, and make sure that it is mounted in correspondence with the
flat side below the steering shaft;
④Mount four M10×85 bolts (with elastic washers) as shown in Figure 6-13-2;
⑤Mount the housing of steering column;
⑥ The following operations are done outside the cab: install the connecting pipelines of the 5 joints as
shown in Figure 6-13-1, and the pipeline with the smallest diameter is the feedback pipeline on the flank
of the steering gear.
NOTE:
①In the mounting process, check the sealing surfaces and sealing elements of the pipeline and ensure
cleanliness;
②Mounting torque meets the requirement of torque meter.
Tools required:
①.16-18 open end wrench;
②.16-18 open end torque wrench;
③.1”, 2” monkey wrench;
④.27-30 open end wrench;
⑤.350N·m torque wrench.
3. Disassembly and Repair
I. Disassembling process
(1) Put the steering gear on the workbench (see Figure 6-13-4);
Figure 6-13-4
(2)Take off two bolts from joint seat (see Figure 6-13-5);
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-5
3) Remove the joint seat (see Figure 6-13-6)
Figure 6-13-6
(4) Remove four seal rings from the joint seat (see Figure 6-13-7);
Figure 6-13-7
(5) Remove external end plug, copper backing and internal end plug (see Figure 6-13-8);
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-8
(6) Remove end plug and copper backing on the other side (see Figure 6-13-9)
Figure 6-13-9
(7) Remove four bolts on the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-10)
Figure 6-13-10
(8) Remove the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-11)
Figure 6-13-11
(9) Remove the joint inside the end cover linked to the steering rod (see Figure 6-13-12);
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-12
(10) Remove two seal rings on the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-13)
Figure 6-13-13
(11) Remove 7 bolts on the lower end cover (see Figure 6-13-14)
Figure 6-13-14
(12) Remove the lower end cover, seal ring and gear washer (see Figure 6-13-15)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-15
(13) Remove gear ring and seal ring (see Figure 6-13-16);
Figure 6-13-16
(14) Remove the gear wheel and push pipe inside the gear wheel (see Figure 6-13-17)
Figure 6-13-17
(15) Remove the seal ring assembly from the gear wheel (see Figure 6-13-18);
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-18
(16) Remove universal joint shaft, oil distribution disc and steel balls on the oil distribution disc (see Figure
6-13-19);
Figure 6-13-19
(17) Remove the seal ring (see Figure 6-13-20)
Figure 6-13-20
(18) Take small tubes out of the valve body (see Figure 6-13-21)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-21
(19) Take the valve core assembly out of the valve body (see Figure 6-13-22)
Figure 6-13-22
(20) Take down the seal ring assembly, axial bearing and its two spacers from valve core (see Figure
6-13-23);
Figure 6-13-23
(21) Remove the neutral-position spring assembly (6 pieces) (see Figure 6-13-24);
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-24
(22) Remove the cross bolt from valve core (see Figure 6-13-25)
Figure 6-13-25
(23) Separate valve core from valve bush (see Figure 6-13-26)
Figure 6-13-26
II. Repair process
Clean all parts and check and replace damaged parts with new ones. For rubber sealing elements,
whether damaged or not, they shall be replaced with new ones after disassembly.
(1) Mount the valve core and valve bush (see Figure 6-13-27)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-27
(2) Align the hole site of valve bush with the hole site of cross bolt on valve core, and insert the cross bolt
(see Figure 6-13-28);
Figure 6-13-28
(3) Install the neutral-position spring assembly (see Figure 6-13-29)
Figure 6-13-29
(4) Install the seal ring assembly, axial bearing and its two spacers on valve core (see Figure 6-13-30)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-30
(5) Install the valve core assembly into the valve body (see Figure 6-13-31)
Figure 6-13-31
(6) Install small tubes into the valve body (see Figure 6-13-32)
Figure 6-13-32
(7) Mount the seal ring (see Figure 6-13-33)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-33
(8) Install universal joint shaft, oil distribution disc and steel balls on the oil distribution disc (see Figure
6-13-34);
Figure 6-13-34
(9) Install the seal ring assembly on the gear wheel (see Figure 6-13-35)
Figure 6-13-35
(10) Install the gear wheel and push pipe in the gear wheel (see Figure 6-13-36)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-36
(11) Install the gear ring and seal ring (see Figure 6-13-37)
Figure 6-13-37
(12) Install the lower end cover, seal ring and gear washer (see Figure 6-13-38)
Figure 6-13-38
(13) Install 7 bolts on the lower end cover (see Figure 6-13-39)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-39
(14) Install 2 seal rings on the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-40)
Figure 6-13-40
(15) Install the joint linked to the steering rod (see Figure 6-13-41)
Figure 6-13-41
(16) Install the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-42)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-42
(17) Install 4 bolts on the upper end cover (see Figure 6-13-43)
Figure 6-13-43
(18) Install end plug and copper backing on one side of joint seat (see Figure 6-13-44);
Figure 6-13-44
(19) Install external end plug, copper backing and internal end plug on the other side of joint seat (see
Figure 6-13-45).
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-45
(20) Install 4 seal rings on the joint seat (see Figure 6-13-46);
Figure 6-13-46
(21) Install the joint seat (see Figure 6-13-47);
Figure 6-13-47
(22) Install 2 bolts on the joint seat (see Figure 6-13-48)
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Chapter 6 Main parts
Section 13 Steering Gear
Figure 6-13-48
(23) The assembly is completed (see Figure 6-13-49).
Figure 6-13-49
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